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    Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog
    Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog
    Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog
    Ebook72 pages49 minutes

    Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog

    By Henry S. Fitch

    5/5

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 26, 2013
    Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog

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      Book preview

      Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog - Henry S. Fitch

      Project Gutenberg's Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog, by Henry S. Fitch

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

      Title: Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog

      Author: Henry S. Fitch

      Release Date: August 29, 2010 [EBook #33574]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK KANSAS ANT-EATING FROG ***

      Produced by Simon Gardner, Chris Curnow, Joseph Cooper and

      the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

      http://www.pgdp.net

      Transcriber's Notes

      A small number of inconsistencies and typographical errors have been changed in the text. These are listed at the end of this book.

      The Title page and Verso are in error in stating that the pages run 275 to 306. This should read 276-307.

      The caption of Figure 5 states that the illustration is a little less than twice natural size. This is accurate for the linked image when viewed at approx. 100 dpi with browser display setting 100%. The thumbnail image is approximately natural size under the same conditions.

      Table of Contents:

      Introduction

      Habitat

      Behavior

      Temperature Relationships

      Breeding

      Development of Eggs and Larvae

      Growth

      Color and Pattern

      Movements

      Food Habits

      Predation

      Summary

      Literature Cited

      University of Kansas Publications

      Museum of Natural History

      Volume 8, No. 4, pp. 275-306, 9 figs. in text

      February 10, 1956

      A Field Study

      of the Kansas Ant-Eating Frog,

      Gastrophryne olivacea

      BY

      HENRY S. FITCH

      University of Kansas

      Lawrence

      1956

      University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History

      Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard, Robert W. Wilson

      Volume 8, No. 4, pp. 275-306, 9 figs. in text

      Published February 10, 1956

      University of Kansas

      Lawrence, Kansas

      PRINTED BY

      FERD VOILAND. JR., STATE PRINTER

      TOPEKA, KANSAS

      1956

      25-7819

      A FIELD STUDY

      OF THE KANSAS ANT-EATING FROG,

      GASTROPHRYNE OLIVACEA

      By

      Henry S. Fitch

      INTRODUCTION

      The ant-eating frog is one of the smallest species of vertebrates on the University of Kansas Natural History Reservation, but individually it is one of the most numerous. The species is important in the over-all ecology; its biomass often exceeds that of larger species of vertebrates. Because of secretive and subterranean habits, however, its abundance and effects on community associates are largely obscured.

      The Reservation, where my field study was made, is the most northeastern section in Douglas County, Kansas, and is approximately 5½ miles north and 2½ miles east of the University campus at Lawrence. The locality represents one of the northernmost occurrences of the species, genus, and family. The family Microhylidae is a large one, and most of its representatives are specialized for a subterranean existence and a diet of termites or ants. The many subfamilies of microhylids all have distributions centering in the regions bordering the Indian Ocean, from South Africa and Madagascar to the East Indies, New Guinea, and Australia (Parker, 1934). Only one subfamily, the Microhylinae, is represented in the New World, where it has some 17 genera (de Carvalho, 1954) nearly all of which are tropical. G. olivacea, extending north into extreme southern Nebraska (Loomis, 1945: 211), ranges farther north than any other American species. In the Old World only Kaloula borealis has a comparable northward distribution. Occurring in the vicinity of Peiping (Pope, 1931: 587), it reaches approximately the same latitude as does Gastrophryne in Nebraska. The great majority of microhylid genera and species are confined to the tropics.

      Nearly all ant-eating frogs seen on the Reservation have been caught and examined and individually marked. By November 1, 1954, 1215 individuals had been recorded with a total of 1472 captures. In the summer of 1950, Richard Freiburg studied this frog on the Reservation and his findings (1951) led to a better understanding of its natural history. The numbers of frogs studied by him however, were relatively small and the field work was limited to the one summer. The data now at hand, representing six consecutive years, 1949 through 1954, serve to supplement those obtained by Freiburg, corroborating and extending his conclusions in most instances, and also indicating that certain of

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