Commentary: Almost two years into the Ukraine war, are sanctions against Russia actually working?

In February 2022, Russian troops mounted an invasion of Ukraine. Following Russia’s flagrant violation of Ukrainian territorial sovereignty, the U.S. joined with nations around the world to impose sanctions. Instead of military action against Russia, these countries turned to economic warfare.

The world now approaches two years of Russia’s war, and Ukrainian president , to lobby Congress for support after Republican lawmakers rejected President Joe Biden’s proposed aid package to Ukraine. In this moment, the U.S. and other sanctioning nations face additional pivotal questions: Have sanctions and international trade