Rodrigo Neiva, Chair of the department of Periodontics at the University of Pennsylvania offers a candid view on defining the ideal bone grafting material and the impact of choosing the right materials. While we strive to develop robust tissue beds for implants, the quality of bone we gain may prove to have greater impact upon tissue longevity and health. Discussions cover the evidence that select graft materials may be prime candidates for long-term “Graft Failure” while others show that they encourage the formation of completely natural bone. Dr. Neiva reviews the present grafting material options and looks into matching material to specific regenerative procedures