In this episode, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MD, and Cristina Mussini, MD, discuss managing ART failure, including:The definitions of virologic blips, low-level viremia, and virologic failure on ARTThe infrequency of failure with resistance on first-line INSTI-based ART and the instances where this has occurred with BIC- and DTG-based ART in clinical trials and in the real worldThe potential reasons for ART failure, including patient/adherence-related factors, HIV-related factors, and regimen-related factorsThe impact of adherence on viral suppression with BIC- and DTG-based ARTDrug-drug interactions as a reason for failure of first-line INSTI-based ARTWhat to do if someone is experiencing virologic failure requiring an ART changeThe use of proviral DNA testing in patients with viral suppression or low-level viremia with ART treatment experienceThe impact of high HIV-1 RNA on ART effectivenessThe impact of NRTI resistance, including the M184V and K65R mutations, on the effectiveness of BIC- and DTG-based ARTStrategies to encourage and measure patient adherence to ART PresentersDaniel R. Kuritzkes, MDHarriet Ryan Albee Professor of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolChief, Division of Infectious DiseasesBrigham and Women’s HospitalBoston, MassachusettsCristina Mussini, MDProfessorDepartment of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena, ItalyLink to full program: https://bit.ly/3HPu4Lk