"...following a stroke there are several complications to be aware of the patient may have brain edema or increased intracranial pressure which can have a detrimental effect on the outcome of that patient this occurs due to Cellular swelling breakdown of the blood-brain barrier leaking of cerebrospinal fluid from the ependymal lining as well as from cellular debris causing an increased osmolality in that affected region this then causes movement of water into the affected space symptoms include headache dizziness nausea and vomiting and you may have signs such as papilledema and a gradual loss of consciousness because of the increased pressure there is also a risk of obstructive hydrocephalus who Nation Mannitol was previously used to reduce intracranial pressure in these patients however a recent study has shown that this may even increase the in-hospital mortality other potential therapies include hyperventilation and diuretics and some sources also specify steroids although the evidence is contradictory surgery involving a craniotomy with a skull is temporarily lifted can also help to reduce the intracranial pressure ischemic Strokes can give rise to a hemorrhagic transformation especially after thrombolytic treatment in the case of hemorrhagic stroke secondary to a subarachnoid hemorrhage the maybe vasospasm following the initial bleed which can then generate infarction which is essentially a secondary stroke to counter this a calcium channel blocker such as numata peen may be given and in the acute setting the patient may be given a cute volume expansion and vasopressin has in an attempt to increase cerebral blood flow infections are another complication of stroke pneumonia can be due to post stroke paralysis with a patient is not able to move well and can suffer atelectasis which is a collapse of part along this generates an environment that Mike I'm growing leading to pneumonia additionally due to swallowing difficulty the patient may be more prone to aspiration and therefore aspiration pneumonia urinary tract infections are also common especially in patients who have an indwelling catheter placed this is because patients with stroke have an increased risk from suppression bladder dysfunction and of course the use of the catheter itself Additionally the fever and systemic inflammatory response associated with the urinary tract infection May impair stroke recovery..."
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