Superficial pinholes of ceramic tiles: roots, causes & remedies

Process waters & critical issues: Process water play a very important role within ceramic activities, being involved in a wide range of production’s steps. If on the one hand they are strictly necessary to the course of the work, they can lead on the other hand to problems when they... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

10 min listen

Surface protective products & post-treatment criticalities: The lapping and polishing processes that provide ceramic tiles with the proper aesthetic features, both involve the removal of a very thin layer of glaze that is on the very external part of the tile. Even if the amount of removed material is very... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

12 min listen

Bacterial degradation of semi-finished products: During their storage in the tanks, semi-finished products can be affected by bacterial degradations that, if they are not properly managed, may lead to application critical issues as well as to serious defects in the finished tile product, such as... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

10 min listen

Trailer: The role of chemistry in ceramic production. What are the mechanisms behind the several steps of the ceramic production process? What are the main problems that can arise and what answers can chemistry offer to solve or, at least, contain them?... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

2 min listen

Why do tiles explode in the kiln?: Why do tiles explode within the kiln? The phenomena that occur inside the kiln is quite similar to those that develops inside a pressure cooker: pressure > that generates an expansion > that develops a deformation > that leads to an explosion.... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

11 min listen

Why do slurries jellify during stocking?: The gelling phenomena of slurries inside the storage tanks is not so unusual as one might suppose. Let’s find out the causes and identify possible solutions. by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

10 min listen

Superficial pinholes of ceramic tiles: roots, causes & remedies: The ceramic production process - after the early stages that from the formation of the tile under the press lead to the applications of the glazing line - usually involves a final application of grit or glaze. Sometimes in huge amount. If you do not... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

11 min listen

Chemicals & ceramic glaze application (Part two): In the previous episode, we offered a general overview on the most important chemicals normally used for ceramic glaze applications. We went deeper by addressing all those categories that are used during the preparatory step, that is the grinding... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

13 min listen

Digital glaze application by means of non piezoelectric systems: In the field of ceramics, glazes are usually applied on the raw tile by means of spray “analogical” systems (airless application system). Nevertheless, recently some new application machines have appeared on the market. They cannot be defined as... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

12 min listen

Clogging of spray nozzle during grit application: In the ceramic tiles prodcution, engobes, grits, and glazes are still applied - to a large extent - by means of airless spray systems. chine is equipped with spraying guns that end with special nozzles that properly discharge the suspension on the... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

11 min listen

ZS 08 en: Along the ceramic production line that from the pressing stage leads to the kilns, raw tiles (still delicate and fragile) often undergo to stresses on the conveyor roller that can compromise them. Chipping or breakage may occur if no preventive... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

16 min listen

Chemicals and ceramic glaze application: The ceramic glaze application that takes place along the glazing line is one of the most delicate steps of the ceramic production process. If you want to get high performances in terms of process and product, the glaze must be marked by proper... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

16 min listen

Dry grit application by means of analogical systems: In ceramic production, grit applications are mainly "wet applications" made by means of airless spraying systems. A kind of application that involves a huge amount of water within which the grit is suspended. Nevertheless, in recent time a different... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

12 min listen

Ceramic glazes: application system, rheology & synthetic chemicals.: Ceramic glazes can be applied by means of several technologies but the most common and popular is the airless spray system. However, sometimes glazes can still be discharged on the raw tile by means of bell or vela systems. Each application system... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

14 min listen

Ceramic production, chemicals & reduction of the environmental impact: The episode aims to refocus, from a special and provocative perspective, the role of chemicals used in ceramics: from the beginning to the end of the process, that is from the grinding of the clays that form the basis of the ceramic mixture up to the... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

16 min listen

Superficial halos formation during the drying process: In ceramic, the drying process takes place inside dryers where raw tiles are placed on metal supports (roller stands) for a preset time, until the residual humidity's percentage is close to 0%. The heating to which the ceramic body is subjected leads... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

13 min listen

Black core: origin of the problem and resolutive actions: The black core is a localized area marked by a brown/black (or even white) color, clearly visible in the thickness of the ceramic tile. Its presence is usually sign of inadequate oxidation and it has not to be considered as a defect that compromises... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

16 min listen

Ceramic glazes, dusting phenomena & digital printing decoration: The lack of cohesion that occurs not only between the glaze’s particles but also between the glaze and the raw ceramic support can lead to a problem commonly called "dusting phenomenon". This kind of glaze, that we could define as fragile, is easily... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

11 min listen

Chemicals for application developed before and after digital printing process (Part one): The ink-jet decoration - that has replaced traditional decoration systems - has removed several problems bringing out, however, new and more complex critical issues. The new scenario has forced a different attention to all those applications that... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

11 min listen

Chemicals for ceramic mixtures: a short overview: The ceramic mixture usually used in ceramic production, largely consists of inorganic raw materials (clay, feldspar, sand, etc.), grinding water and chemical. These mixtures, since they must be properly managed in the various stages of the... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

18 min listen

Chemicals for application developed before and after the digital printing process (Part two): After introducing the topic in the previous episode and getting into the details of the problems that may arise before the inkjet application, this new episode focuses on the repellency phenomena that occur after the digital printing process at the... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

12 min listen

Surface protection treatments, emissions & regulations: The episode focuses on a subject that may seem unimportant but that, instead, is quite relevant if we consider the recent and new intended use of ceramic surfaces (tables, countertops, etc). Since tiles now are used not only for floors and walls (but... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

16 min listen

Ceramic production, chemicals & reduction of the environmental impact (part two): This episode is the second part of a general overview about the most important categories of chemicals for ceramic prodution and their positive role in terms of environmental impact. The perspective wants to scratch - with a deliberately provocatory... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

14 min listen

Deflocculation of ceramic mixtures: The episode focuses on the flocculation phenomena of ceramic mixtures. The problem is marked by a progressive aggregation of solid particles and it often takes place due to phenomena of electrostatic attraction between the clay micelles in... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

13 min listen

Ceramic suspensions & rheological behavior: Rheology is the science that deals with the flow and the strain rate of matter. It’s a branch of Physics that studies the origin, the nature and the deformation’s characteristics of a matter under the influence of external forces, with particular... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

14 min listen

Digital glues to water and ceramic production: what advantages?: In ceramics, the water-based digital system represents a topic of great interest. The R&D departments of all the players have been doing research for some time, trying to improve the sector with a technology that is already widely used in many... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

17 min listen

Excessive viscosity of the slip: causes & remedies: Viscosity (or viscous friction coefficient) measures a substance attitude on generating friction between its layers. In other words, it defines the resistance of the fluid to its proper flow. The barbottina's viscosity values - that is the suspension... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

13 min listen

Digital glues & ceramic production: what are they and how do they work?: In ceramic production, the use of digital glues for glaze and grit applications has almost completely replaced the spray/airless application system. Even if each glue differently acts on glass powders and grits, there are two main categories that... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

15 min listen

Digital inks & ceramic production: what do we need to know: Thanks to the digitalization of some of its processes, the ceramic industry has evolved pretty significantly over the last few years, and in this perspective the digital printing system plays one of the most important roles. In fact, the use of... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

11 min listen

Ceramic slips & rheological behavior: In general, wet grinding systems offer best performances and best production results only when the chemical and physical features of slips are constant over the duration of the entire process. More precisely, this happens when the main parameters of... by Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

13 min listen

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Superficial pinholes of ceramic tiles: roots, causes & remedies

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