ASCO: You’re listening to a podcast from Cancer.Net. This cancer information website is produced by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, known as ASCO, the world’s leading professional organization for doctors who care for people with cancer. The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. Cancer research discussed in this podcast is ongoing, so the data described here may change as research progresses. In this podcast, Cancer.Net Editorial Board members Dr. Brian Rini and Dr. Jorge Garcia discuss new research in kidney and prostate cancer presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology 2018 Congress, held October nineteenth through twenty-third in Munich, Germany. Dr. Rini is a Professor of Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University. Dr. Garcia is an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University. They are both also staff members of the Department of Solid Tumor Oncology at Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute. ASCO would like to thank Dr. Rini and Dr. Garcia for discussing this research. Dr. Rini: Hello. This is Brian Rini from the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center. I'm a professor of medicine and lead the GU program here at Cleveland Clinic, and I'm joined by my friend and colleague Dr. Jorge Garcia. Dr. Garcia: Thank you, Brian. I'm Jorge Garcia. I'm a GU medical oncologist at the Cleveland Clinic as well. Dr. Rini: And we're going to talk to you today about highlights in genitourinary or GU cancers from the European Society of Medical Oncology Meeting, which took place a couple of months ago in Munich, Germany. It's one of the major cancer meetings, with a lot of big data starting to be presented at that meeting in addition to the main ASCO meeting and other meetings. And I'm going to start off by talking about a couple of the highlights in renal cancer, and then Dr. Garcia will describe a couple of the highlights in prostate cancer. In kidney cancer, generally speaking, it's been a pretty exciting time. So about 10 or 15 years ago we went through a wave where VEGF-targeted therapy or therapy targeted against blood vessel sort of became the standard of care. And this was exciting because, frankly, at the time there wasn't much else that was available for patients with metastatic kidney cancer. And that's really been the foundation of how we've treated this disease over the last decade or so. More recently, we've started to use immune stimulating agents, commonly called immunotherapy or IO therapy, as is being used across many, many malignancies, but especially in kidney cancer. And so now we have 2 ways that we treat metastatic kidney cancer. We still use therapy targeted against blood vessels, also called VEGF-targeted therapy, and now we're increasingly using immune therapies. And the most recent efforts at this have actually combined these different modalities. And so probably the largest data that was presented was something called the JAVELIN 101 trial. So this was a randomized phase III trial that compared patients with metastatic kidney cancer who had not gotten any prior treatment to receive either sunitinib, which is a VEGF-targeted agent that's been our standard of care, again, for the last 10 or 15 years, or a combination of axitinib, which is another VEGF-targeted therapy, plus avelumab. And avelumab is 1 of a class of drugs that I mentioned that are immunotherapeutics. We also call them checkpoint inhibitors because of the mechanism by which they work. And there are many of these combination studies that are starting to be r