My AP Biology Thoughts  Unit 1 Episode #40Welcome to My AP Biology Thoughts podcast, my name is Victoria and I am your host for episode 40 called Unit 1: Elements and Functional Groups of the Macromolecules. Today we will be discussing the elements and functional groups of macromolecules.Segment 1: Introduction to Functional groups and elements of the macromoleculesFunctional Groups: Collections of atoms that attach the carbon skeleton of an organic molecule and confer specific properties.Each type of organic molecule has its own specific type of functional group.Functional groups in biological molecules play an important role in the formation of molecules like DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.Functional groups include: hydroxyl, methyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfhydrylCarbohydrates:Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (1:2:1 ratio) Functional Groups:HydroxylCarbonylAldehyde (O= on the end of carbon chain)Ketone ( O= in the middle of a carbon chain)Proteins/Amino Acid:Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and NitrogenFunctional Groups: Carboxylic acidR groupAmine Lipids:Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (sometimes P, N, and S) Functional Groups:Hydroxyl Carboxylic Acids Esters (ester linkages)Nucleic acids:Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and NitrogenFunctional Groups:PhosphateSome nitrogenous bases have Carbonyl and AminoSugars have hydroxyl Segment 2: Example of these groups in the MacromoleculesCarbohydrates:Proteins/Amino Acid:Lipids:Nucleic Acids:Segment 3: Digging Deeper Connect it to the Chemistry of life/How do these functional groups affect the macromoleculesFunctional groups are specific groupings of atoms within molecules that have their own characteristic properties, regardless of the other atoms present in a molecule. They are responsible for the macromolecules functions, which play a role in the chemical processes necessary for living organisms to survive. Thank you for listening to this episode of My AP Biology Thoughts. For more student-ran podcasts and digital content, make sure that you visit www.hvspn.com. See you next time!Music Credits:“Ice Flow” Kevin MacLeod...