In this episode Chris Gilbert returns to the podcast. Chris Gilbert is a professor of Political Science in the Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela in Caracas, Venezuela. His articles have appeared in Venezuela Analysis, Monthly Review, CounterPunch and various other publications. Gilbert is the creator of the Marxist educational program “Escuela de Cuadros,” broadcast on Venezuelan public television. Along with Cira Pascual Marquina, Chris is also the co-editor of the book Venezuela: The Present As Struggle: Voices From The Bolivarian Revolution which we did a two-part episode on last year. This conversation is framed around a recent article of Gilbert’s that was published in the Monthly Review. The piece is called “Mészáros and Chávez: The Philosopher and the Llanero” and it tells the story of the relationship, personal, theoretical and practical between István Mészáros and Venezuelan revolutionary and former president Hugo Chávez.  At the heart of the discussion is the question of the commune. And the theory of communes as the basis for a transition to socialism, as while as the practice of communes in Venezuelan society. Along the way, Gilbert also contextualizes the discussion in Mészáros’ theory, Chávez’s programs and experimentation, and in the material practice of existing communes in Venezuela today.  We also discuss Mészáros’ critiques of 20th Century Socialism and his explanation of the Capital System as a metabolic system, that must be broken down and replaced by a completely new metabolism. And of course Gilbert reminds people in the US, Canada and Europe that they should be pressuring their governments to end the inhumane sanctions on Venezuela. We hope you enjoy this episode. We want to thank all of our patrons for your support. If you like what we do and can afford a small monthly or yearly contribution, head over to patreon.com/millennialsarekillingcapitalism. Our podcast is 100% funded by our patrons and we put out new episodes every week. Links: The piece this episode is in dialogue with  Part 1 of our discussion Gilbert & Marquina's book Venezuela The Present As Struggle Part 2 of that discussion. Huge Chávez's speech "Golpe De Timon" or "Strike At The Helm" Hugo Chavez's - Aló Presidente Teórico #1 (since we coudln't find a full English translation we linked two related pieces: Venezuelanalysis /Utopix on Aló Presidente Teórico #1   Angel Prado The Commune Holds the Solution to the Crisis A film referenced by Gilbert on the episode as well: 5 Factories Film - Worker Control In Venezuela  Our music is by Televangel