Nels and Vincent dive deep into evolution and consider how new proteins emerged billions of years ago, when there were no other proteins to serve as starting material. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiEVO Primordial emergence of a nucleic acid binding protein (bioRxiv) Tawfik laboratory Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 51 Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Science Picks Nels - Universal principled review Vincent - Hostile Planet by National Geographic Listener Pick Courtney - Nightwish Endless Forms Most Beautiful and Shudder Before The Beautiful Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv