Dr. Jason Fung speaks with Vinnie Tortorich on today's Angriest Trainer podcast concerning the effects of diet and insulin. PLEASE SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS Pure Vitamin Club Squatty Potty Villa Cappelli DR. FUNG Kidney specialist  Works often with type 2 diabetics -- biggest cause of kidney nephropathy Type 2 linked closely with obesity  Insulin has negative effects  Visit his website here  DONALDSONVILLE People all on tons of meds All have a sugary drink and some awful food in their hands MISUNDERSTANDING OF WEIGHT GAIN Obesity links tons of diseases together Dr. Fung started by asking: What causes obesity? The Aetiology of Obesity Lectures  Sugar is the enemy, not calories  When you eat less calories, your energy expenditure (and thus fat/fuel usage) goes down  You simply get hungrier Takes time to lose the weight  Cortisol is a stress hormone -- encourages getting fat Leptin -- produced by fat cells, regulates how much fat is in the body If you have lots of fat, leptin is released and tells your brain to stop gaining more weight When you are quite fat, your body stops responding to leptin  Secondary hormone -- doesn't pass the causal test  Ghrelin is another one of these secondary hormones No lasting effect so doesn't pass the causal test  FASTING People always ask Vinnie about IM fasting Intermittent fasting should happen every day 3 meals a day -- fast in between literal "break - fast"  Snacks don't allow your body to process everything  Shorter fasts are not enough  Insulin levels not sustainably down  We obsess to much about what we are eating, we need to think about when we are eating