The World in Your Hands: A Guide to Every Nation. Vol 09: The World in Your Hands: A Guide to Every Nation., #9

By Marcelo Gameiro

Introducing the ultimate guide to exploring the world, "The World in Your Hands". This comprehensive book provides a wealth of information on every country on the planet (they are in alphabetical order from volume 1 to 10 - each volume will contain 20 countries), covering all aspects of their history, language, food, sports, nature, arts, religion, economy, education, people, culture, music, interesting facts, and geography. Each chapter dives deep into the unique features and characteristics of each country, providing insights into what makes them special and how they contribute to the diversity of our world.

 

Whether you're an avid traveler, a curious learner, or simply someone who wants to expand their knowledge of the world, "All Countries of the World" is the perfect resource for you. With detailed information, this book will take you on a journey across the globe, discovering new and exciting places along the way.

 

To test your comprehension and enhance your learning, multiple choice questions are provided at the end of each country's description, with answers included. Get ready to embark on an adventure like no other with "All Countries of the World" - the ultimate guide to exploring the world's rich and diverse cultures.

• Language: English
• Publisher: MGameiro LLC
• Release date: Jul 30, 2024
• ISBN: 9798227121097

Marcelo Gameiro

►Marcelo Gameiro (born 1970) Londrina-Brazil, ● Military service - 1989, ● LDS mission - 1990 to 1991, ● Agronomy engineer - 1994, ● Master in Remote Sensing - 1997, ● MBA - 1999 (USA), ● Environmental Risk Assessment - 2008, ● TESOL Certificate - 2017 (BYU Idaho - USA). In China as a University teacher since 2018, taught many subjects like International Forward Management / European Union Economics and Policies / Human Resources / International Economic Cooperation / International Settlement / Professional development / Managerial Accounting / how to teach math.

Book preview

​Summary:

Introducing the ultimate guide to exploring the world, All Countries of the World. This comprehensive book provides a wealth of information on every country on the planet, covering all aspects of their history, language, food, sports, nature, arts, religion, economy, education, people, culture, music, interesting facts, and geography. Each chapter dives deep into the unique features and characteristics of each country, providing insights into what makes them special and how they contribute to the diversity of our world.

Whether you're an avid traveler, a curious learner, or simply someone who wants to expand their knowledge of the world, All Countries of the World is the perfect resource for you. With detailed information, this book will take you on a journey across the globe, discovering new and exciting places along the way.

To test your comprehension and enhance your learning, multiple choice questions are provided at the end of each country's description, with answers included. Get ready to embark on an adventure like no other with All Countries of the World - the ultimate guide to exploring the world's rich and diverse cultures.

Note: The text are designed to enhance learning. While the text may not explicitly provide the answers to these questions in some cases, it can provide clues that help to make educated guesses. It is possible that the answers can be found in the text, or they may require additional research.

In other words, the questions are intended to help readers develop a deeper understanding of the text by encouraging them to think critically and engage with the material. By considering the information provided in the text and using it to make informed guesses about the answers, readers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand.

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© Copyright May 2023 by Marcelo G. Gameiro - All rights reserved.

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ISBN n. (media: digital) 978-65-997177-9-6 / Volume 01

ISBN n. (media: paper) 978-65-997177-8-9 / Volume 01

For the whole 10 Volume series of this collection click the link below:

https://yellowcornbooks.blogspot.com/2023/03/collection-world-in-your-hands.html

Table of contents:

Summary:

161) Somalia

162) South Africa

163) South Korea

164) South Sudan

165) Spain

166) Sri Lanka

167) Sudan

168) Suriname

169) Sweden

170) Switzerland

171) Syria

172) Taiwan

173 Tajikistan

174) Tanzania

175) Thailand

176) Timor-Leste (formerly East Timor)

177) Togo

178) Tonga

179) Trinidad and Tobago

180) Tunisia

161) Somalia

History

Somalia is a country located in the Horn of Africa, with a rich and complex history spanning thousands of years. The region has been inhabited by various groups of people, including the ancient Egyptians, Persians, Arabs, and various African tribes.

In the Middle Ages, Somalia was home to several powerful empires, including the Ajuran Sultanate, which controlled much of the East African coast and engaged in extensive trade with Arab and Indian merchants. The Somali city-states of Mogadishu, Merca, and Barawa were important centers of commerce and culture, attracting scholars, poets, and merchants from across the region.

In the late 19th century, European powers began to carve up Africa into colonies, and Somalia was divided between the British, Italians, and French. In 1960, the British and Italian-controlled regions united to form the independent Republic of Somalia.

The newly formed country faced many challenges in the following years, including economic hardship, political instability, and clan-based violence. In 1969, a military coup led by General Mohamed Siad Barre seized power and established a socialist government. Barre's regime became increasingly repressive, leading to widespread human rights abuses and a violent crackdown on dissent.

In 1991, after years of civil war and political unrest, Barre was overthrown, and Somalia descended into chaos. The country was torn apart by clan-based violence, warlords, and Islamist militants, including the Al-Shabaab group, which continues to carry out attacks to this day.

In recent years, Somalia has made some progress towards stability and reconstruction, with the formation of a new government and the defeat of Al-Shabaab in many parts of the country. However, the country still faces many challenges, including poverty, corruption, and ongoing conflict.

Language

Somalia has two official languages: Somali and Arabic. Somali is the most widely spoken language and is used as the medium of instruction in schools, government institutions, and the media. Arabic is used primarily in religious contexts and in higher education.

Somali is a Cushitic language, which is part of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is spoken by approximately 15 million people in Somalia and by Somali communities in neighboring countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Djibouti. Somali has several dialects, including Northern Somali, Southern Somali, and Central Somali.

One unique feature of the Somali language is its use of tone. Tone refers to the pitch or inflection of a syllable, and in Somali, the tone can change the meaning of a word. For example, the word hargeysa can mean either to eat or to flee depending on the tone used.

Somali also has a rich tradition of poetry and storytelling. Oral literature plays an important role in Somali culture, and many Somalis are skilled poets and storytellers. The most famous form of Somali poetry is called gabay, which is a type of verse that is often sung or recited at important events such as weddings and funerals.

People

Warsan Shire - A Somali-British poet and writer, who has received critical acclaim for her works. She was awarded the inaugural Brunel University African Poetry Prize in 2013, and her poetry has been featured in various publications and media outlets.

Iman - A Somali-American fashion model, actress, and entrepreneur, who rose to fame in the 1970s and 1980s as a supermodel. She is also known for her philanthropic work and activism, particularly in raising awareness about issues affecting women and children in Somalia.

Farah Mohamed Jama Awl - A Somali physician and immunologist, who is known for her groundbreaking research on the use of camel milk as a treatment for autism. Her work has been recognized by various international organizations, and she has received numerous awards for her contributions to the field of medical research.

Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed - The current President of Somalia, who took office in 2017. He is a former diplomat and has also served as the Prime Minister of Somalia from 2010 to 2011.

Abdulkadir Ahmed Said - A Somali historian and writer, who has written extensively on the history and culture of Somalia. His works include The Somali Ethnic Group: Origins, History, and Culture, which is considered a seminal work on Somali history.

K'naan - A Somali-Canadian rapper, singer, and songwriter, who is known for his socially conscious and politically charged music. He has won numerous awards for his music, including the Juno Award for Rap Recording of the Year in 2010.

Culture

Somalia has a rich cultural heritage that has been shaped by its history and geography. The country's culture is influenced by its Islamic faith, traditional customs and practices, and the influence of neighboring countries.

One of the most important cultural achievements in Somalia is its oral literature, which includes poetry, storytelling, and songs. This literature has been passed down through generations and is an important part of the country's identity. Somali literature is also written in both Arabic and Somali languages and includes a range of topics, from history and religion to love and politics.

Somali architecture is also an important aspect of the country's culture. Traditional Somali homes, known as ari, are made of locally sourced materials such as stone, wood, and straw. The arched entrances, decorative motifs, and geometric patterns used in Somali architecture are distinctive and reflect the country's history and traditions.

In terms of customs and traditions, Somalia is known for its hospitality and generosity. Somali families often welcome guests with a cup of sweet, spiced tea and a plate of dates. Another important aspect of Somali culture is the practice of qabiil, or clan affiliation. Clans are an important social and political unit in Somalia, and many Somalis identify strongly with their clan.

Islam plays an important role in Somali culture, and many of the country's customs and traditions are influenced by Islamic teachings. For example, it is customary for Somalis to greet each other with the Islamic greeting As-salamu alaykum, meaning peace be upon you.

Somalia also has a number of festivals and celebrations that are important to its culture. One of the most important is Eid al-Fitr, which marks the end of the month of Ramadan and is a time for prayer, feasting, and spending time with family and friends. Other important celebrations include Independence Day, which commemorates Somalia's independence from Italy in 1960, and the Somali National Day, which celebrates the unification of British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland in 1960.

In terms of food, Somali cuisine is known for its spicy, flavorful dishes, such as suqaar, a stir-fried meat dish, and xalwo, a sweet, chewy dessert made from sugar, ghee, and cornstarch. Traditional Somali dress includes brightly colored, flowing garments, such as the dirac and the shawl. Somali men often wear a sarong-like garment called a macawis and a small cap known as a koofiyad.

Overall, Somali culture is a rich and diverse blend of Islamic, traditional, and modern influences. From its literature and architecture to its customs and traditions, Somalia's culture is a source of pride and identity for its people.

Interesting Facts

Somalia is home to one of the oldest civilizations in the world, the ancient city of Laas Geel. The rock art found in the caves of Laas Geel dates back over 5,000 years.

Somalia has a unique system of law and governance called Xeer. It is based on customary law and is used by many communities in the country.

Somalia is one of the few countries in the world where camels are used as a means of transportation. They are also a vital part of the country's economy, with Somalia being one of the largest exporters of camels in the world.

The Somali language, also known as Somali, is a member of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is spoken by over 15 million people worldwide.

Somalia has a rich tradition of poetry, with many poets considered national heroes. The country also has a unique style of dance called Dhaanto, which is performed at weddings and other celebrations.

Somalia has produced many world-class athletes, particularly in long-distance running. One of the most famous Somali athletes is Mo Farah, who has won multiple Olympic gold medals in long-distance running for Great Britain.

Somalia is home to one of the largest and oldest frankincense forests in the world, located in the northern region of Puntland. Frankincense is a resin used in traditional medicine, perfumes, and incense.

Somalia has a rich culinary tradition, with many dishes influenced by Arab, Indian, and Italian cuisine. Some of the most popular Somali dishes include Sambusa (similar to a samosa), Muqmad (dried camel meat), and Bariis (Somali-style rice).

Somalia is the only country in the world where Coca-Cola is not sold. This is due to a ban on imported goods in the 1970s, which is still in effect today.

Somalia has one of the longest coastlines in Africa, stretching over 3,000 kilometers. The country is known for its beautiful beaches, coral reefs, and marine wildlife, including dolphins, sharks, and sea turtles.

Music

Country music is not a popular genre in Somalia. Instead, traditional Somali music and modern Somali pop music dominate the music scene in the country. Traditional Somali music is characterized by its unique pentatonic scale, which is based on five notes, and the use of instruments such as the oud, qaraami, and the kaban.

One of the most popular genres of modern Somali pop music is called Banaadir Beats, which originated in the capital city of Mogadishu in the 1990s. Banaadir Beats is characterized by its fusion of traditional Somali music with Western influences, such as hip-hop and reggae.

One of the most famous Somali musicians is K'naan, who is known for his blend of hip-hop and traditional Somali music. K'naan's most popular song, Wavin' Flag, was chosen as the official anthem for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

Other notable Somali musicians include Aar Maanta, who combines traditional Somali music with funk and jazz influences, and Faarrow, a sister duo who perform a mix of Somali pop and electronic music.

While country music may not be popular in Somalia, music remains an important part of the country's culture and identity. Traditional Somali music is an important link to the country's history and traditions, while modern Somali pop music reflects the changing tastes and influences of the country's young people.

Education

The education system in Somalia has been significantly affected by years of conflict and political instability. The education infrastructure has been damaged, and many schools and universities have been destroyed or forced to close. The country has also experienced brain drain, with many educated Somalis leaving the country for opportunities abroad.

The education system in Somalia is divided into three levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary education is free and compulsory, but access to education remains a challenge, particularly for girls and children from low-income families. According to UNESCO, the net enrollment rate for primary education in Somalia is around 30%, with significant regional disparities.

The secondary education system is also underdeveloped, with a lack of qualified teachers and resources. Only a small percentage of students who complete primary education are able to continue to secondary education.

Somalia has a few universities, including the University of Somalia, Mogadishu University, and the Somali National University. These institutions have been affected by the conflict, with many forced to close or operate under difficult conditions. However, there have been recent efforts to rebuild the higher education system, including the establishment of new universities and the reopening of closed institutions.

The literacy rate in Somalia is estimated to be around 37%, with significant gender disparities. The government has implemented various educational policies aimed at improving access to education and increasing the quality of education, including the development of a new national curriculum and the establishment of a national teacher training program.

In recent years, there have been efforts to improve access to education in Somalia, including the establishment of community schools and the provision of scholarships for girls. However, the education system still faces significant challenges, including a lack of resources and infrastructure, and the ongoing conflict and insecurity in the country.

Economy

Somalia's economy is largely based on agriculture, livestock, and fishing, although the country has significant potential for growth in other sectors such as mining and telecommunications. However, the country has faced significant challenges due to years of conflict and political instability, which have hampered economic development and foreign investment.

Agriculture is the largest sector of the Somali economy, accounting for about 60% of GDP and employing about 70% of the workforce. The main crops produced include bananas, sorghum, maize, and sugarcane. Livestock, particularly sheep and goats, is also an important part of the economy, with Somalia being one of the largest exporters of livestock in the region.

The fishing industry is also a significant contributor to the Somali economy, with the country having one of the longest coastlines in Africa. However, the industry has been threatened by illegal fishing by foreign vessels, which has led to a decline in fish stocks and reduced the profitability of the industry.

Somalia also has significant mineral deposits, including uranium, iron ore, and tin. However, the country has not been able to develop these resources due to a lack of infrastructure and investment.

The services sector, particularly telecommunications, has seen significant growth in recent years, with the development of mobile phone networks and internet services. This sector has the potential to become a major contributor to the economy, although there are challenges in terms of infrastructure development and access to finance.

Somalia's main exports include livestock, bananas, fish, and charcoal, while the country imports food, fuel, machinery, and consumer goods. The country's major trading partners are the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kenya, and Oman.

One of the major challenges facing Somalia's economy is political instability and insecurity, which has deterred foreign investment and made it difficult for businesses to operate. The country also faces challenges in terms of infrastructure development, including roads, ports, and telecommunications networks.

In conclusion, Somalia's economy is largely based on agriculture, livestock, and fishing, although there is significant potential for growth in other sectors such as mining and telecommunications. The country faces significant challenges, including political instability and insecurity, as well as a lack of infrastructure and investment. However, there are opportunities for growth and development, particularly in the services sector, if the country can overcome these challenges.

Religion

The predominant religion in Somalia is Islam, which is estimated to be practiced by more than 99% of the population. Islam was introduced to Somalia in the 7th century, and it has since played a significant role in shaping the country's culture, traditions, and way of life.

The practice of Islam in Somalia is characterized by a mixture of Sunni and Sufi traditions. Many Somalis belong to Sufi orders, which emphasize the importance of spiritual purification and the pursuit of a closer relationship with God. Sufism has played an important role in shaping Somali culture, particularly in the areas of music and poetry.

One of the most important Islamic celebrations in Somalia is Eid al-Fitr, which marks the end of the month-long fast of Ramadan. During Eid al-Fitr, Somalis typically dress in new clothes, exchange gifts, and visit family and friends. Another important Islamic celebration is Eid al-Adha, which commemorates the willingness of the prophet Ibrahim (Abraham in Judaism and Christianity) to sacrifice his son for God. During Eid al-Adha, Somalis typically sacrifice an animal, such as a goat or a sheep, and distribute the meat to family, friends, and the needy.

Somalia is also home to several important Islamic sites, including the Fakr ad-Din Mosque in Mogadishu, which is believed to be one of the oldest mosques in Africa. The mosque, which was built in the 13th century, is characterized by its unique architecture, which combines Islamic and Somali styles.

In addition to Islam, there are also small Christian and Hindu communities in Somalia, although they are relatively small and face challenges in practicing their religions openly.

In conclusion, Islam is the predominant religion in Somalia and plays an important role in shaping the country's culture and traditions. Sufism, in particular, has had a significant impact on Somali music and poetry. Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are important Islamic celebrations in Somalia, and the country is home to several important Islamic sites, including the Fakr ad-Din Mosque in Mogadishu.

Arts

Somalia has a rich and diverse artistic heritage, which includes literature, music, dance, theater, and visual arts. The country's artistic traditions have been shaped by its history, religion, and culture, and many of its artistic forms have unique features that set them apart from those of other countries.

Somali literature has a long and rich history, with some of the earliest written texts dating back to the 13th century. The most famous Somali literary form is poetry, which has been an important part of Somali culture for centuries. Poetry is often recited at important events, such as weddings, and is also used to express love, grief, and other emotions. Somali poets often use a form of poetry known as Gabay, which is characterized by its use of alliteration and assonance.

Somali music is also an important part of the country's artistic heritage, with many different styles of music, including traditional folk music, popular music, and religious music. One of the most popular traditional musical instruments is the oud, a stringed instrument that is similar to a lute. Somali music is often accompanied by dance, which is an important part of the country's cultural traditions.

Somalia also has a rich tradition of visual arts, including painting and sculpture. Traditional Somali art is often characterized by its use of geometric patterns and bright colors. Somali art is also often functional, with many objects, such as bowls and baskets, decorated with intricate designs.

Theater and dance are also important parts of Somalia's artistic heritage, with many different forms of dance, including the Dhaanto and Buraanbur dances. These dances often have religious or cultural significance and are performed at important events, such as weddings and religious festivals.

In conclusion, Somalia has a rich and diverse artistic heritage that includes literature, music, dance, theater, and visual arts. Many of these artistic forms are unique to Somalia and have been shaped by the country's history, religion, and culture. Despite the challenges faced by the country in recent years, Somalia's artistic traditions continue to be an important part of its cultural identity.

Nature

Somalia is a country with a diverse range of natural landscapes, including beautiful beaches, mountains, and wildlife. Unfortunately, much of the country's natural beauty has been impacted by environmental degradation and conflict. Nevertheless, there are still some beautiful natural features that are worth highlighting.

One of the most beautiful natural features of Somalia is its long coastline, which stretches over 3,000 kilometers along the Indian Ocean. The beaches of Somalia are pristine and beautiful, with crystal-clear waters and white sandy beaches. Some of the most popular beaches include Lido Beach in Mogadishu, Bander Beyla Beach in Puntland, and Lasqorey Beach in the north of the country.

Somalia also has several national parks and nature reserves, including the Kismayo National Park, which is home to a variety of wildlife, including giraffes, zebras, and antelopes. The park is also home to several species of birds, including the Somali ostrich and the martial eagle.

The Somali desert, which covers much of the country's central and southern regions, is another beautiful natural feature of Somalia. The desert is home to a variety of unique plants and animals, including the Somali wild ass and the Dorcas gazelle. The desert is also home to several important archaeological sites, including the ancient city of Opone.

In addition to these natural features, Somalia also has several mountain ranges, including the Cal Madow Mountains in the north and the Golis Mountains in the northwest. The mountains are home to several species of wildlife, including baboons and hyenas, and offer spectacular views of the surrounding landscapes.

In conclusion, Somalia is a country with a diverse range of beautiful natural features, including pristine beaches, national parks, and mountain ranges. While much of the country's natural beauty has been impacted by environmental degradation and conflict, there are still some beautiful places worth exploring.

Sports

Somalia is a country with a long history of sporting activities, and while many of its traditional sports are still popular today, there are also many modern sports played in the country.

Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Somalia. The national team, the Somali national football team, has been in existence since the 1950s and has represented the country in international competitions. Football is played at all levels of society, from children's teams to professional clubs.

Basketball is also a popular sport in Somalia, especially among the youth. The country has its own national basketball league, and there are several teams that compete regularly in local and international tournaments.

Volleyball is another sport that is played widely in Somalia. The country's women's volleyball team has had some success in international competitions, including qualifying for the African Women's Volleyball Championship in 2021.

In addition to these sports, traditional Somali sports such as laamb (wrestling) and shax (stick fighting) are still popular in some regions of the country. Laamb, in particular, has a cultural significance and is often associated with Somali identity and masculinity.

Sports in Somalia have played a significant role in the country's cultural and political history. Football, in particular, has been used as a tool to promote national unity and pride, especially during times of political instability. For example, during the civil war in the 1990s, football matches were often used as a way to bring together people from different clans and regions of the country.

Sports also provide an opportunity for young people to develop skills, stay healthy, and engage in social activities. Many sports clubs and organizations have been established in Somalia to help promote sports and provide opportunities for young people to participate.

In conclusion, football, basketball, and volleyball are among the most popular sports played in Somalia, with traditional sports like wrestling and stick fighting still being played in some regions. Sports have played a significant role in Somali culture and politics, with football being used as a tool to promote national unity and pride. Sports also provide an opportunity for young people to develop skills, stay healthy, and engage in social activities.

Food

Somalia's cuisine is a fusion of African, Middle Eastern, and Indian influences. The country's traditional dishes are typically hearty and spicy, reflecting the nomadic lifestyle of many Somalis. Common ingredients include rice, vegetables, meat, and spices such as cumin, coriander, and cardamom.

One of the most popular dishes in Somalia is called maraq, a spicy soup made with meat, vegetables, and spices. Another staple dish is canjeero, a thin pancake made from fermented batter that is typically served with stew or sauce. Bariis, or Somali-style rice, is also a common dish, often flavored with cinnamon, cardamom, and other spices.

Meat is an important part of the Somali diet, with goat, lamb, and beef being the most commonly consumed. Suqaar is a popular meat dish made with cubed meat, onions, and spices, while lahoh is a savory pancake made from flour and meat.

Seafood is also a significant part of Somalia's cuisine, given its long coastline. Fish is often grilled, fried, or baked, and served with a side of rice or vegetables. One popular seafood dish is pasta iyo basta, a spicy pasta dish made with shrimp or lobster.

Somalis typically eat with their hands, using a flatbread called fataa to scoop up food. Meals are often shared family-style, with everyone gathering around a large platter to eat together.