The Sustainable Solution: Plastic Granulate Production in Action: Money from trash

By Alexander Varga and Sándor Varga

MONEY FROM TRASH

 

Plastic waste has become a major environmental concern in today's world. The excessive use of plastic and its improper disposal has led to the pollution of our oceans, landfills, and even our air. However, instead of viewing plastic waste as a problem, we can see it as an opportunity. With the right technology and processes, plastic waste can be transformed into high-quality secondary raw material, which can be used in various industries. This not only helps in reducing the amount of plastic waste in our environment but also creates a new source of income. By turning trash into money, we can incentivize individuals and businesses to properly manage their plastic waste. This could potentially lead to a cleaner and more sustainable future for our planet. Through the efficient processing of plastic waste, we can not only tackle the issue of pollution but also create a circular economy where waste is seen as a valuable resource. It is time for us to rethink our approach towards plastic waste and explore its potential as a secondary raw material.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Alexander Varga
• Release date: Jan 8, 2024
• ISBN: 9786156728081

Book preview

Compiled by:

Sándor Varga

-

Luxory

2024

PLASTIC GRANULATE PRODUCTION PROJECT

THIS IS JUST AN EXAMPLE OF A BUSINESS PLAN. HUNGARIAN OPTION.

Purpose: by purchasing and selecting plastic waste, to create a variety of reusable and salable granules.

Plastic pollution is one of the biggest environmental issues we face today. It is estimated that over 8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans every year, causing harm to marine life and damaging ecosystems. The problem lies in the fact that plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, and once it enters our environment, it persists for a long time. This has prompted many individuals and organizations to search for solutions to this problem, and one of the most promising ones is the recycling of plastic waste.

Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new products, and it is considered one of the most effective ways to reduce plastic pollution. By recycling plastic, we are not only diverting it from landfills and oceans but also reducing our reliance on non-renewable resources. However, traditional plastic recycling methods have their limitations. Many plastics are not compatible with each other, making it difficult to separate and recycle them. This results in lower quality recycled products, which can only be used for limited purposes. This is where the concept of creating reusable and salable granules from plastic waste comes into play.

The main purpose of this method is to collect various types of plastic waste and convert them into high-quality granules that can be used to create new products. To understand this process better, let's delve into the steps involved in creating these versatile granules.

The first step is to collect plastic waste from various sources, such as landfills, beaches, and residential areas. This process is not only beneficial for the environment but also provides economic opportunities for individuals and businesses. Many people now collect plastic waste and sell it to recycling facilities, generating a source of income for themselves. This not only helps in cleaning up the environment but also creates job opportunities for those involved in the collection process.

Once the plastic waste is collected, it is sorted and cleaned. This is a crucial step as it ensures that only clean and suitable plastic is used for the next step. At this stage, non-plastic materials such as paper, glass, and metal are removed from the plastic waste. The plastic is then washed to remove any dirt or impurities. This process is essential as it ensures that the final product is of high quality.

After the cleaning process, the plastic waste is shredded into small pieces. This step makes it easier to further process the plastic waste and also ensures that it takes up less space during transportation. The shredded plastic is then melted and made into pellets. These pellets are the base material for creating the reusable and salable granules.

The next step in the process is the mixing and blending of different types of plastic pellets to create a diverse range of granules. This step allows for the creation of granules with different characteristics such as color, texture, and strength. It also ensures that a wide variety of plastic waste can be used in the process, reducing the need for sorting and separating different types of plastic.

Once the desired mix of plastic pellets is achieved, they are compressed and extruded through a machine that shapes them into small granules. These granules are then cooled and cut into smaller pieces. These final granules can vary in size, color, and texture, depending on the desired end product. They are now ready to be used for a variety of purposes.

One of the main advantages of these reusable and salable granules is their versatility. They can be used to create a variety of different products. They can be melted and molded into various shapes such as containers, packaging materials, and even furniture. These granules can also be used in 3D printing, creating endless possibilities for their use. This versatility not only creates a demand for these granules but also reduces the amount of plastic waste that ends up in landfills or oceans.

The use of these granules does not stop at creating plastic products. They can also be used as a source of energy. In some cases, these granules can be incinerated in waste-to-energy plants, providing an alternative source of fuel. This is a more eco-friendly solution than burning traditional fossil fuels, as it reduces the emission of harmful gases into the atmosphere.

Moreover, these granules can also be used as a replacement for raw materials in different industries. For example, many fashion and textile companies are now using recycled plastic granules to make clothing, reducing their reliance on virgin materials. By using these granules, companies not only reduce their carbon footprint but also contribute towards creating a circular economy where resources are reused and recycled instead of being discarded.

The creation of reusable and salable granules from plastic waste also has economic benefits. As mentioned earlier, it creates job opportunities for those involved in the collection process. The production and sale of these granules also create a new market, providing business opportunities and contributing to the economy.

In addition to its economic benefits, this method also has a positive impact on the environment. By converting plastic waste into reusable and salable granules, we are reducing the amount of plastic that ends up in landfills and oceans. This not only prevents harm to marine life and ecosystems but also reduces the need for extracting new raw materials, thus preserving natural resources.

Furthermore, the production of these granules requires less energy and emits fewer greenhouse gases compared to traditional plastic recycling methods. This helps in reducing the carbon footprint and contributes to the fight against climate change.

In conclusion, the creation of reusable and salable granules from plastic waste has many benefits, both for the environment and the economy. It allows for the efficient and versatile use of plastic waste, reducing its negative impact on our planet. By purchasing and selecting plastic waste, we can contribute towards a more sustainable and circular economy, where resources are reused and recycled instead of being discarded. It is a small step towards addressing the global issue of plastic pollution, but it is a step in the right direction.

THIS IS JUST AN EXAMPLE OF A BUSINESS PLAN. HUNGARIAN OPTION.

Required units:

Establishment of a business     100.000 Ft 

Site rental     kb. 50.000 Ft- 300.000Ft*[1]

Licences

Environmental permit

1. Permitting waste collection       HUF 72,000

2. Permission to transport waste      HUF 96,000

3. Authorization of waste pretreatment      HUF 120,000

4. Permitting waste storage       HUF 144,000

5. Permitting waste utilization       HUF 318,000

6. Authorization for waste disposal      HUF 318,000

Van          800,000 HUF

Plastic grinding machine      HUF 500,000 (EUR 1845) (With delivery from the EU)

From the Bazaar of preciseplastic.com.

Plastic extrusion machine      HUF 350,000 (EUR 1,080) (with delivery from the EU)

From the Bazaar of preciseplastic.com.

Paper bag to store the delight

HUF 165/piece/25kg 21 days=1680 pieces HUF 277,200

Pallet for placing the bags     HUF 1000/piece used/clean 20 HUF 20,000

Row of tables for sorting plastic    HUF 20,000

Storage compartments (1x1m) for sorting plastics, framed by home, with wire

10 types HUF 10,000

Balance sheet (for acquisition and sale)    HUF 100,000

Work clothes (gloves, mask, apron)    HUF 20,000

HUF 3,315,200 in total

Sorting and cleaning

Plastic waste is a major problem in today's society. With the increasing use of single-use plastic products, the amount of plastic waste being generated is also on the rise. This has led to a detrimental impact on our environment, with plastic polluting our land, water, and air. The need for effective and sustainable solutions for managing plastic waste has never been greater. One such solution is the cleaning and preparation of plastic waste for processing.

Sorting and cleaning plastic waste is an essential step in the recycling process. It involves separating different types of plastic materials and removing any contaminants or impurities from the waste. This process is crucial in ensuring that the recycled plastic is of good quality and can be used for producing new products. This also helps in reducing the amount of plastic waste that ends up in landfills or oceans. By properly cleaning and preparing plastic waste for processing, we can give it a new life and reduce the environmental impact of plastic pollution.

The sorting and cleaning process for plastic waste does not require a lot of physical work, making it a suitable task for people with impaired working ability. This opens up opportunities for them to contribute to the recycling industry and earn an income. Many recycling facilities offer subsidized work programs for people with disabilities or special needs, providing them with a sense of purpose and inclusion in society. By involving diverse individuals in the cleaning and preparation of plastic waste, we are not only helping the environment but also promoting social responsibility and inclusion.

Furthermore, the cleaning process for plastic waste does not create any environmental burden. Unlike other waste management methods, such as incineration or landfilling, which produce harmful emissions and contribute to climate change, cleaning plastic waste is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. No environmentally hazardous waste is generated during the cleaning process, and it does not require the use of chemicals. This is because the plastic materials are purchased in a cleaned state, and only a minimal amount of water and gentle detergent is used to remove any remaining dirt or debris. As a result, the cleaning and preparation of plastic waste do not pose any harm to the environment or human health.

In addition to being environmentally friendly, cleaning and preparing plastic waste is also economically viable. The recycled plastic can be sold to manufacturers who use it to produce new products, creating a circular economy. This reduces the need for the production of new plastic, which in turn saves resources and energy. It also creates job opportunities in the recycling industry, boosting the economy and contributing to sustainable development. Therefore, the cleaning and preparation of plastic waste not only benefit the environment but also have a positive impact on the economy.

To effectively clean and prepare plastic waste for processing, proper steps and techniques need to be followed. The first step is to sort the plastic waste into different categories based on their type and color. This can be done manually by workers or using machines equipped with advanced sorting technology. The sorted plastic is then washed with water and a gentle detergent to remove any dirt or impurities. The cleaning process may involve different methods, depending on the type of plastic being washed. For instance, PET bottles may require hot water and steam to remove labels and glue, while HDPE containers may only need to be rinsed with cold water.

After cleaning, the plastic waste is dried and shredded into small pieces. This increases the surface area of the plastic and makes it easier to melt and mold into new products. The shredded plastic is then melted and formed into pellets, which are used as raw material in the manufacturing of various plastic products. These plastic pellets can be used to produce a wide range of items, such as bottles, containers, bags, and even furniture. The possibilities are endless, and by cleaning and processing plastic waste, we are not only reducing its environmental impact but also creating new and useful products.

In conclusion, the cleaning and preparation of plastic waste for processing is a crucial step in the recycling process. It not only benefits the environment by reducing the amount of plastic waste and promoting sustainable practices but also creates job opportunities and contributes to the economy. By involving people with disabilities in this process, we are also promoting social responsibility and inclusivity. With proper sorting and cleaning techniques, we can give a new life to plastic waste and significantly reduce its harmful impact on our planet. It is a small yet essential step towards a cleaner and greener future for generations to come.

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Environmental Protection

The issue of environmental protection has become increasingly important in recent years as the global community recognizes the impact of human activities on the planet. One area that has drawn significant attention is the production of plastic granulate, a key ingredient in the manufacturing of various plastic products. In this regard, it is essential to not only focus on the final product but also to consider the environmental impact of the production process. Fortunately, the production of plastic granulate has been revolutionized in recent years, with new methods that prioritize environmental protection being developed and implemented.

One of the primary concerns when it comes to plastic granulate production is the generation of hazardous waste. In the past, traditional methods of producing plastic granules involved the use of toxic chemicals and additives, which resulted in the production of hazardous waste. This waste not only posed a significant risk to the environment but also to the health of those involved in the production process. However, with advancements in technology, new methods of preparing plastic granulate have been developed, ensuring that no hazardous waste is generated during the process. This is a major step towards protecting the environment, as it reduces the amount of toxic substances that enter our ecosystem.

Furthermore, the completed plastic granulate can be completely recycled in injection molding or plastic product manufacturing plants. This is a crucial aspect of environmental protection as it reduces the need for the production of new plastic, which consumes energy and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. By using recycled plastic granules, we can conserve our natural resources and minimize the environmental impact of plastic production. In addition, recycling plastic also helps to reduce the amount of plastic waste that ends up in landfills and oceans, thus addressing the growing problem of plastic pollution. This is an important step towards achieving a more sustainable future.

It is also worth noting that the products used in the production process are 100% recycled. This means that no new raw materials are extracted from the earth, thereby reducing the demand for natural resources. This also translates into a reduction in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions that are associated with the extraction and processing of raw materials. Moreover, using recycled materials also helps to decrease the amount of waste that piles up in landfills, a major contributor to environmental pollution. By utilizing recycled materials, the production of plastic granulate not only protects the environment but also promotes a circular economy where resources are used more efficiently.

One of the most significant advantages of the modern methods used in plastic granulate production is the minimal impact on water, air, and soil. Traditional production processes were notorious for emitting harmful pollutants into the environment, which had adverse effects on the surrounding ecosystems. However, with the use of advanced technology and greener alternatives, the production of plastic granulate now has a minimal impact on the environment. This is an important development as it ensures that our natural resources, such as water and air, remain clean and safe for both humans and wildlife. Furthermore, by eliminating pollution, these production methods also help to preserve biodiversity, which is crucial for the survival of many species.

Another aspect of environmental protection that has been addressed in the production of plastic granulate is noise pollution. Traditional production methods were known to produce high levels of noise, which not only affected the workers but also had adverse effects on the surrounding community. However, modern production techniques have significantly reduced noise pollution, making the production process much more environmentally friendly. This has also improved the working conditions for employees, promoting a safer and healthier workplace.

In conclusion, the environmental protection data for the production of plastic granulate is highly encouraging. With the use of advanced production methods and greener alternatives, the process has become more environmentally friendly, with reduced emissions of hazardous waste, minimal impact on water, air, and soil, and negligible noise pollution. Moreover, the use of 100% recycled materials in the production process promotes a circular economy and reduces the demand for natural resources. It is clear that the industry has made significant strides towards protecting the environment, and it is vital that these practices continue and are adopted by other industries. Ultimately, it is up to each individual to support these environmentally friendly methods and contribute to a more sustainable future for our planet.

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Plastic waste has become a major concern for the environment due to its non-biodegradable nature and harmful effects on wildlife and ecosystems. In order to tackle this issue, there has been an increasing interest in the processing of plastic waste into secondary raw materials, specifically granules. This process involves breaking down plastic waste into small, uniform particles that can be used as a raw material in the production of various plastic products. However, this process also comes with its own set of risks which must be identified and analyzed in order to ensure a safe and sustainable approach.

The first and foremost step in the processing of plastic waste into secondary raw material is the collection and segregation of waste. This involves the collection and sorting of different types of plastic waste, such as PET, HDPE, LDPE, and PP, which have different properties and require different methods of processing. This process may involve manual sorting, which poses the risk of physical hazards such as cuts and bruises to the workers. Therefore, it is important to provide proper safety gear and equipment to the workers, and to train them in safe handling techniques.

Once the plastic waste is collected and segregated, it goes through a series of mechanical processes such as shredding, grinding, and washing. These processes involve the use of heavy machinery and equipment, which can pose a significant risk to the workers if not operated properly. It is crucial to conduct regular maintenance checks on the machinery and ensure that all safety measures, such as emergency stop buttons and safety guards, are in place and functioning properly. Proper training and supervision of the workers handling the machinery is also essential to minimize the risk of accidents.

One of the major risks associated with the processing of plastic waste is the release of hazardous chemicals into the environment. Plastic waste can contain toxic chemicals such as BPA, phthalates, and PVC, which can leach out during the processing and pose a threat to the workers and the environment. To mitigate this risk, it is important to conduct regular testing and analysis of the plastic waste to identify the types and levels of hazardous chemicals present. This information can then be used to develop proper safety protocols and to determine the most appropriate method of processing for each type of plastic waste.

Moreover, the washing process used in the plastic waste processing can also pose a risk of water pollution. The water used in this process may contain a high concentration of chemicals and microplastics, which can contaminate water bodies and harm aquatic life. To address this risk, it is important to install proper wastewater treatment systems that can effectively remove pollutants and ensure that the water released back into the environment meets the required standards. The use of eco-friendly cleaning agents and proper disposal of wastewater can also help minimize the environmental impacts of the washing process.

In addition to the risks associated with the processing of plastic waste, there are also potential hazards in the storage and transportation of the processed plastic granules. These granules are highly flammable and can release toxic fumes if exposed to high temperatures. Therefore, it is crucial to store the granules in a well-ventilated and fire-proof facility and to train the workers on safe handling techniques. Proper labeling and packaging of the granules can also help in minimizing the risk of accidents during transportation.

The final step in the processing of plastic waste into secondary raw material is the production of plastic products using these granules. This process also comes with its own set of risks, such as exposure to toxic chemicals during the molding and shaping of plastic products. It is important to conduct a thorough risk assessment of each step in the production process and to implement appropriate safety measures, such as using protective gear, ensuring proper ventilation, and conducting regular air quality testing in the production facility.

Furthermore, the production of plastic products using recycled granules may also pose a risk to the consumers if the processed plastic contains hazardous chemicals. Therefore, it is essential to conduct regular quality control checks to ensure that the granules used in the production meet the required safety standards. Additionally, proper labeling and communication of the use of recycled plastic in the products can help consumers make informed decisions and minimize the risk of exposure to potentially harmful chemicals.

In conclusion, the processing of plastic waste into secondary raw material, while being a promising solution to tackle the issue of plastic pollution, also comes with its own set of risks. It is crucial to identify and analyze these risks through a thorough risk assessment before undertaking the process. Proper safety measures, regular training and supervision of workers, and adherence to environmental regulations can help mitigate these risks and ensure a safe and sustainable approach to plastic waste processing. Only through a correct risk analysis and proper management of hazards can the processing of plastic waste into secondary raw material be truly beneficial for the environment and human health.

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However, it is not without danger either. You can do it either way, it's all a matter of attention and precision.

Plastic waste has become a huge environmental crisis, with more than 100,000 tons of plastic waste being generated around the world. This waste not only pollutes our landfills but also harms our oceans and wildlife. The need to find a solution to this problem has become increasingly urgent in recent years. However, there is an opportunity here that many may not realize - the potential to turn this waste into a valuable resource.

By purchasing plastic waste from individuals and communities, we can not only provide a financial contribution to the poorer strata but also reduce the amount of plastic in waste yards. This can have a significant impact on the environment, as less plastic waste will end up in landfills, thereby reducing pollution and potentially harmful chemicals leaching into our soil and water.

Additionally, by processing this plastic waste, we can satisfy the needs of businesses that use such materials. With the advancement of technology, recycled plastic can now be transformed into a wide range of products, including furniture, clothing, and packaging materials. By utilizing this waste, we can reduce the demand for new resources, leading to a more sustainable and eco-friendly manufacturing process.

Not only does this benefit the environment, but it also has a significant economic impact. The processing of plastic waste into usable materials can create jobs and stimulate the local economy. More jobs mean more income for individuals and families, which can lift communities out of poverty and improve their standard of living. Moreover, with the increase in production and sales of recycled plastic products, there will be an increase in tax revenue for local governments, which can be directed towards improving infrastructure and public services.

Furthermore, a significant advantage of recycling plastic waste is that it can be reused multiple times. Unlike other materials, plastic can go through several cycles of recycling without losing its quality. This creates a circular economy where waste is not just disposed of, but rather transformed into new products, reducing the need for virgin resources. This approach reduces our carbon footprint and helps combat climate change.

However, in order for this opportunity to be fully realized, there needs to be a significant investment in recycling infrastructure and technology. Improved sorting methods, advanced recycling techniques, and education programs for the community are essential for the success of this venture. Governments can also play a crucial role by implementing policies and providing incentives to businesses and individuals to recycle their plastic waste.

Moreover, it is essential to educate the public on the importance of proper waste management and the benefits of recycling. Simple actions like properly disposing of plastic waste, recycling, and choosing products made from recycled materials can have a significant impact on reducing plastic pollution. With a collective effort, we can create a cultural shift towards a more sustainable lifestyle, which not only benefits the environment but also improves our quality of life.

Another significant aspect of this opportunity is the potential for innovation and creativity. With the rise of environmental issues, there has been a surge in the development of new, sustainable materials to replace plastic. With the abundance of plastic waste, there is an opportunity for entrepreneurs and businesses to develop new and innovative products made from recycled plastic. This not only contributes to tackling the plastic waste problem but also opens up a whole new market for sustainable and eco-friendly products.

In the long run, the investment in recycling plastic waste has the potential to save businesses and governments money. With the reduction in production costs and the potential for creating a circular economy, this opportunity can have a positive impact on the economy as a whole. It also reduces our reliance on non-renewable resources, which often come at a high cost to the environment.

In conclusion, the opportunity to recycle plastic waste is significant, with its positive impact on the environment, economy, and society. By purchasing and processing plastic waste, we can reduce pollution, create jobs, stimulate the economy, and promote sustainable living. However, realizing this opportunity will require a collective effort from individuals, businesses, and governments. With commitment and investment, we can turn plastic waste into a valuable resource, creating a more sustainable and prosperous future for generations to come.

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Usable types of plastics (thermoplastics):

Polyethylene (PE)

for insulating tent foil, bags, bottles, electrical conductors, water pipes, barrels, pipes, wires, and household appliances.

Polypropylene (PP)

production of food industry packaging, household appliances, vehicle parts (e.g. bumper), ropes, strings, carpets, adhesive tapes, containers, wrapping films, household appliances.

Polystyrene (PS)

packaging material, food packaging, disposable cups, plates, cutlery, CD and DVD holders.

Impact resistant polystyrene (HIPS)

freezer bag, packaging material, disposable cup.

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

covering electronic devices (e.g. monitor, printer, keyboard, shatterproof covers).

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)

soda bottle, foil, microwave-safe packaging.

Polyamide (PA)

fiber production, bearing balls, fishing line, automotive covers.

Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)

pipe production, cable covering, shower curtain, window frame, floor covering, foils (waxed canvas, linoleum), artificial leather used to make shoes and bags, components of electronic devices, toys, polymer used in the production of insulators.

Polyurethane (PU)

insulating foam, fire protection foam, automotive industry.

Polycarbonate (PC)

CD, sunglasses, shields, safety glass, warning light, lenses.

Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC)

packaging industry (medicine and food), folpack.

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE)

for making pots and containers of corrosive liquids and best known for de-sticking baking surfaces.

Polystyrene

for the production of porous materials (sponges), expanded styrene (heat and sound insulation) and packaging materials.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)

to replace glass

PLA: biodegradable vegetable plastic. The most commonly used 3d printing material.

THIS IS JUST AN EXAMPLE OF A BUSINESS PLAN. HUNGARIAN OPTION.

Preliminary draft:

Daily approx. Production of 250-2000kg plastic waste granules.

5 working days a week, 8-hour working hours.

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