The Guide to the American Revolutionary War at Sea: Vol. 6 1781

By Norman Desmarais

The Guide to the American Revolutionary War at Sea chronicles more than 10,500 actions -- far more than other naval histories. Vol. 6 documents 1696 of them which occurred in 1781. It includes the actions of the Continental and state navies, the French and British navies, the actions of American and British privateers and those of their

• Language: English
• Publisher: Revolutionary Imprints
• Release date: Nov 1, 2016
• ISBN: 9780692801246

Norman Desmarais

Norman Desmarais, professor emeritus at Providence College, lives in Lincoln, RI and is an active re-enactor. He is a member of Le Regiment Bourbonnais, the 2nd Rhode Island Regiment and the Brigade of the American Revolution. He is editor-in-chief of The Brigade Dispatch, the journal the Brigade of the American Revolution and the author of Battlegrounds of Freedom, the 6-volume The Guide to the American Revolutionary War, and The Guide to the American Revolutionary War at Sea and Overseas (in preparation) which covers more than 10,500 actions. He has also translated the Gazette Françoise, the French newspaper published in Newport, RI by the French fleet that brought the Count de Rochambeau and 5800 French troops to America in July 1780. It is the first known service newspaper published by an expeditionary force. Norman has also written a number of articles for the Journal of the American Revolution, the Online Journal of Rhode Island History, and The Brigade Dispatch

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The Guide to the American

Revolutionary War at Sea

Vol.  6

178 1

Norman Desmarais

Revolutionary Imprints

Contents

Abbreviations …………………………………………

Newspapers………………………………………

178 1 ………………………………………………… …..

Notes………………………………………………….

Abbreviations

AAS: American Antiquarian Society.

Allen: Allen, Gardner Weld.  A Naval History of the American  Revolution. Boston and New York: Houghton

Mifflin Company, The Riverside Press Cambridge, 1913.

Allen. Privateers:  Allen, Gardner Weld.  Massachusetts privateers of the Revolution. [Boston]: The

Massachusetts Historical Society, 1927.

Almon:  The  Remembrancer, or impartial repository of public events.  Almon, John, Pownall, Thomas.

London: J. Almon, 1775-1784.

APS: American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.

AVCR: Dow, George Francis.  American Vessels Captured By the British During the Revolution and War of  1812: The Records of the Vice-Admiralty Court at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Salem, Mass.: The Essex Institute,  1911.

Barneville:  Barneville, Brisout de, Journal de Guerre de Brisout de Barneville,  Mai 1780-0ctobre 1781,

French-American Review. 3 (OctoberDecember 1950) 217-278.

BNA: British National Archives.

Boatner: Boatner, Mark M. Encyclopedia of the American Revolution. 3d ed., New York: McKay, 1980.

Claghorn: Claghorn, Charles Eugene.  Naval officers of the American Revolution: a  concise biographical dictionary. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1988.

Clark: Clark, William Bell.  George Washington's Navy: being an account of His Excellency's fleet in New

England waters. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1960.

Clinton: Clinton, Henry.  The American Rebellion: Sir Henry Clinton’s Narrative of His Campaigns, 1775– 1782, with an appendix of original documents. Edited by William B. Willcox. New Haven: Yale University  Press, 1954.

Clowes: Clowes, William Laird.  The Royal Navy: a history from the earliest times to 1900. London:

Chatham, 1996. 7 vols.

Coker:  Coker, P. C.  Charleston's maritime heritage, 1670-1865: an illustrated history. Charleston, S.C.:

CokerCraft Press, 1987.

Commager: Commager, Henry Steele.  The spirit of  'seventy-six; the story of the American Revolution as told by participants. edited by Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris. New York, Harper & Row  [1967].

Davies: Davies, K.G. Documents of the American Revolution 1770-1783. (Colonial Office Series) Shannon:

Irish University Press, 1972.

Faibisy: Faibisy, John D. "A Compilation of Nova Scotia Vessels Seized During the American Revolution and

Libelled in the New England Prize Court." in NDAR, X, 1201-1210.

Force: Force, Peter.  American archives: consisting of a collection of authentick records, state papers, debates, and letters and other notices of publick affairs, the whole forming a documentary history of the origin and progress of the North American colonies; of the causes and accomplishment of the American revolution; and of the Constitution of government for the United States, to the final ratification thereof. In

six series. [Washington, 1837—1853.

Fowler: Fowler, William M., Jr.  Rebels Under Sail: The American Navy during the Revolution. New  York:

Scribner, 1976.

Fremont-Barnes:  The Encyclopedia of the American Revolutionary War: a political, social, and military

history. Gregory Fremont-Barnes, Richard Alan Ryerson, editors. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006.

Gardiner: Gardiner, Robert, ed.  Navies and the American Revolution, 1775–1783. London: Chatham, 1996.

Gregory, Richard Alan Ryerson, eds.  The Encyclopedia of the American Revolutionary War: A Political,

Social, and Military History. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006.

Gibbes: Gibbes, Robert Wilson.  Documentary History of the American Revolution. New York: D. Appleton  & Co., 1855 (3 vols: 1764–1776, 1776–1782, 1781–1782). reprinted New York Times & Arno Press, 1971.

Griffiths: Griffiths, John William.  To Receive  them Properly : Charlestown prepares for war, 1775-1776.

Thesis (M.A.) University of South Carolina, 1992.

Hattendorf: Hattendorf, John B. Newport, the French Navy, and American Independence. Newport: The

Redwood Press, 2005.

HCA: Great Britain. High Court of Admiralty.

Hermione: Log of the Hermione. Captain Louis René Madeleine Le Vassor de Latouche-Tréville. Archives  Nationales de la Marine, Paris. B4 158. Published as Journal de la frégate du Roi l'Hermione de 32 canons  (extraits) Commandée par M. de La Touche, Lieutenant de Vaisseau. La campagne, commencée le 23 janvier 1780, finie le 26 fevrier 1782. in Tott, François de; Latouche-Tréville, Louis René Madeleine Le

Vassor; Bois, Jean-Pierre.  Deux voyages au temps de Louis XVI, 1777-1780 la mission du baron de Tott en  Égypte en 1777-1778 et le Journal de bord de l'Hermione en 1780. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de  Rennes, 2005

Howe’s prize list 1777: The following is a List of Vessels seized as Prizes, and of Recaptures made, by the  American Squadro n, between the 27th of May and 24th of October, 1777, according to the Returns received by Vice Admiral Lord Viscount Howe, in  The  London Chronicle., Tuesday, December 2, to Saturday,  December 6, 1777.

Johnson: Joseph Johnson. Traditions and Reminiscences of the American Revolution in the South.

Charleston, 1851, reprinted, Spartanburg, SC: 1972.

Kaminkow: Kaminkow, Marion and Jack,  Mariners of the American Revolution. Baltimore: Magna Carta

Book Company, 1967.

Kell: Kell, Jean Bruyere.  North Carolina’s Coastal Carteret County During the American Revolution, 1765–

1785, A Bicentennial Project of the Carteret County Bicentennial Commission . Era Press, 1975.

Laurens Papers:  Laurens, Henry; Hamer, Philip M.; Rogers, George C. and others.  The papers of  Henry  Laurens. Columbia: Published for the South Carolina Historical Society by the University of South Carolina  Press, 1968-2003.

Latouche: Monaque, Rémi.  Latouche-Tréville, 1745-1804: l'amiral qui défiait Nelson . Paris: SPM, 2000.

LC: Library of Congress.

List of Vessels seized, 1778: List of Vessels seized or destroyed by His Majesty’s Ships stationed in  Chesapeake Bay, and on the Parts of the American Coast Southward thereof, according to the Accounts transmitted to the Viscount Howe, since the Date of the General Return of Captures made by the  American Squadron of the 25th of October 1777." in the  London Gazette., Tuesday, June 2, to Saturday,  June 6, 1778.

MacKenzie: MacKenzie, Frederick.  Diary of Frederick MacKenzie, Giving a Daily Narrative of  his Military  Services as an Officer of the Regiment of Royal Welsh Fusiliers during the years 1775-1781 in  Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New York. Cambridge, Mass., 1930;(Eyewitness accounts of the  American Revolution). [New York]: New York Times, [1968, c1930].

Maclay: Maclay, Edgar Stanton.  History of American Privateers. New York: B. Franklin, [1968].

Mackesy: Mackesy, Piers.  The War for America, 1775–1783. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.

Marines: Smith, Charles R.  Marines in the Revolution. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1975.

Mass. Arch: Massachusetts Archives, Boston.

Mays: Mays, Terry M.  Historical Dictionary of the American Revolution. Scarecrow Press: Lanham, MD,

1999.

McCrady: McCrady, Edward.  History of South Carolina in the Revolution, 1775-1780. New York: Paladin

Press, 1969 (reprint of 1901 ed.).

McManemin: McManemin, John A. Captains of the privateers during the revolutionary war. Spring Lake,

NJ (91 Maple Dr., Spring Lake 07762): Ho-Ho-Kus Pub. Co., 1985.

MHS: Massachusetts Historical Society.

Middlebrook:  Middlebrook,  Maritime Connecticut During the Revolution.

MM : Mariners Museum, Newport News, Virginia.

Montresor: Scull, G. D.  The Montresor Journals. ed. and annotated by G.D. Scull: [New York, Printed for the Society, 1882]; July 1, 1777, to July 1, 1778.

Mooney: Mooney, James L.  Dictionary of American naval fighting ships. Washington: Navy Dept., Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, Naval History Division: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S., 1959-1981.

Morningstars:  Smith, Gordon Burns.  Morningstars of Liberty: the Revolutionary War in Georgia, 1775–

1783. Milledgeville, Ga. Boyd Publishing, 2006.

Moultrie: Moultrie, William.  Memoirs of the American Revolution so far as it related to the States of North and South Carolina and Georgia.  New York, 1802; (Eyewitness accounts of the American Revolution). [New  York]: New York Times, [1968].

NBBAS: O’Kelley, Patrick.  Nothing but Blood and Slaughter. Booklocker.com, 2004.

NDAR: United States. Naval History Division.  Naval documents of the American Revolution. William Bell  Clark, editor; with a foreword by President John F. Kennedy and an introd. by Ernest McNeill Eller.  Washington: Naval History Division, Dept. of the Navy: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1964-.

NJ Archives:  Documents Relating  to the Revolutionary History, State of New Jersey. Edited by William S.  Stryker. Trenton: The John L. Murphy Publishing Co., 1901. Also referred to as Archives of the State of New  Jersey.

Neeser: Neeser, Robert Wilden. Letters and papers relating to the cruises of Gustavus Conyngham: a captain of the Continental Navy, 1777-1779. Port Washington, N.Y. Kennikat Press, [1970].

NRAR: Lincoln, Charles Henry (ed.).  Naval Records of the American Revolution, 1775-1788. Washington:

GPO, 1906.

N. S. Arch .: Nova  Scotia Archives, Halifax.

Onderdonk: Onderdonk, Henry.  Documents and Letters Intended to Illustrate the Revolutionary Incidents of Queens County: with Connecting Narratives, Explanatory Notes, and Additions. New York: Leavitt, Trow,  1846;  Hempstead, L.I., L. Van de Water, 1884.

Parker: Parker, John C.  Parker’s Guide to the Revolutionary War in South Carolina: battles, skirmishes and murders. Patrick, S.C.: Hem Branch Publishing, 2009.

Paullin : Paullin, Charles Oscar,  The Navy of the American Revolution,  Cleveland: The Burrows Brothers

Company, 1906.

Peckham: Peckham, Howard Henry.  The Toll of Independence: engagements & battle casualties of the

American Revolution . edited by Howard H. Peckham. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

Prince:  The Autobiography of Yankee Mariner: Christopher Prince and the American Revolution. Edited by

Michael J Crawford. Washington, D.C.: Brasey's, 2002.

R.  I.  Arch.: Rhode Island Archives, Providence.

RIHS: Rhode Island Historical Society, Providence.

Ripley: Ripley, Warren.  Battleground: South Carolina in the Revolution. Charleston, SC: Evening Post, 1983.

Searcy: Searcy, Martha Condray.  The Georgia-Florida contest in the American Revolution, 1776-1778.

University, Ala. University of Alabama Press, c1985.

Selesky: Selesky Harold E., editor in chief.  Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, 2nd ed.   Detroit:

Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2007.

Simms: Simms, William Gilmore.  The Life of Francis Marion. New York:  H.G. Langley, 1844.

Smith: Smith, Samuel Stelle.  Fight for the  Delaware, 1777. Monmouth Beach, NJ: Philip Freneau Press,

1970.

TJP: Julian p. Boyd, ed.  The Papers of Thomas Jefferson . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1952.

UVL: University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville.

Ward: Ward, Christopher.  The  War of the Revolution. New York: Macmillan, 1952.

Newspapers.

AG:  The American Gazette or the Constitutional Journal.

AJ:  The American Journal and General Advertiser.

BEP:  The Boston Evening-Post and the General Advertiser.

BG:  The Boston-Gazette, and Country Journal.

BN:  Boston News-Letter, Published as  The Massachusetts Gazette: And the Boston Weekly News-Letter.

BP: Boston Post.

CC:  The Connecticut Courant, and Hartford Weekly Intelligencer.

CG:  Connecticut Gazette.

CG&UI:  The Connecticut  Gazette; And The Universal Intelligencer.

CJ:  The Connecticut Journal, and the New-Haven Post-Boy.

CJWA:  Continental Journal, Published as  The Continental Journal, and Weekly Advertiser.

CSCHS:  Collections of the South Carolina Historical Society.

EJ:  The Essex Journal and New-Hampshire Packet.

ExJ :  Exeter Journal, published as  The Exeter Journal, or, New Hampshire Gazette.

FJ :  Freeman's Journal, Published as  The Freeman's Journal, or New-Hampshire Gazette.

GG :  Georgia Gazette.

GSSC:  Gazette of the  State of South-Carolina.

IC:  The Independent Chronicle.

IC&UA:  The Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser. Also  The  New-England Chronicle, published as  The Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser.

IG :  The Independent Gazetteer.

IJ:  Independent Journal.

IL:  The Independent Ledger and the American Advertiser.

LCh:  London Chronicle.

LG:  The London Gazette.

MAG : The Massachusetts Gazette or the Springfield and Northampton Weekly Advertiser.

MAH :  The Magazine of American History.

MG :  Dunlap's Maryland Gazette.

MGGA:  The Massachusetts Gazette or the General Advertiser.

MJ:  Maryland Journal or the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser.

MS:  Thomas's Massachusetts Spy or, American Oracle of Liberty. Later, published as  Haswell's

Massachusetts Spy or American Oracle of Liberty.

NCG:  North-Carolina Gazette.

NEC:  The New England Chronicle: or the Essex Gazette.

NG:  The Newport Gazette.

NHG:  The New-Hampshire Gazette, and Historical Chronicle.

NJG :  The New-Jersey Gazette.

NJJ:  New Jersey Journal.

NM:  The Newport Mercury.

NME:  The Newport Mercury Extraordinary.

NP:  The Norwich Packet and the Connecticut, Massachusetts, New-Hampshire, and Rhode-Island Weekly

Advertiser.

NYG:  The New York Gazette, And The Weekly Mercury, (Gaine's  New  York  Gazette).

NYGNA: The New-York Gazetteer or Northern Intelligencer.

NYJ :  The New-York Journal; or, The General Advertiser.

PA:  Public Advertiser (London).

PAG:  The Pennsylvania Gazette.

PEP:  The Pennsylvania Evening Post.

PG:  The  Providence Gazette; and Country Journal.

PJ:  Pennsylvania Journal.

PL:  The Pennsylvania Ledger: Or The Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, & New-Jersey Weekly Advertiser.

Also  published as  The Pennsylvania Ledger: or the Philadelphia Market-Day Advertiser.

PM:  Story & Humphreys's Pennsylvania Mercury, and Universal Advertiser.

PP:  Dunlap's Pennsylvania Packet or, the General Advertiser.

Prensa:  Maryland Journal, published as  La Prensa.

RG:  The Royal Gazette.

RNYG:  Rivington's New-York Gazetteer; Or,  The Connecticut, Hudson's River, New-Jersey, and Quebec

Weekly Advertiser.

RNYLG:  Rivington's New-York Loyal Gazette.

RAG:  The Royal American Gazette.

RGG:  The Royal Georgia Gazette.

RPAG:  The Royal  Pennsylvania Gazette.

RRG :  Rivington's Royal Gazette.

SCAGG:  The South-Carolina and American General Gazette.

SCG :  South-Carolina Gazette and General Advertiser.

SCWA:  South-Carolina Weekly Advertiser.

SCWG:  The South-Carolina Weekly Gazette.

SG:  The Salem Gazette.

TCG:  The Constitutional Gazette.

VG:  The Virginia Gazette.

WG:  Worcester Gazette.

WI:  The Weekly Intelligencer.

1781

1780 or 1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  56.42710 4.45374

The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel Vryheid.

See 1781. The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel Vryheid a second time.

1781

Maryland Coast, Conf.: 2, 39.08037 -76.31225

The British capture the Maryland privateer schooner  Adventure.

The British captured Commander Thomas Robinson’s Maryland privateer  schooner  Adventure in 1781. She was owned by James Williams, Joseph  Williams, Richard Barnaby, David Robinson and William Avery, all of Maryland,  had a crew of seven men and was armed with one howitzer. She was the former  English vessel  William  and was sent to Boston, Massachusetts . The  Adventure was tried and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she is described  as an American merchant vessel.1

1781

Atlantic Ocean,  Conf. : 0,  33.85905 -40.77500

The Fair American captures the sloop  Chance.

Samuel Champlin's  Fair American captured the sloop  Chance  in 1781 .2

1781

Atlantic Ocean,  Conf. : 0,  36.93895 -48.28965

The Philadelphia schooner  Greyhound  is taken.

Captain John Kemp's Philadelphia schooner  Greyhound  was taken in 1781 and

her crew was sent to Mill prison.3

1781

Atlantic Ocean,  Conf. : 0,  34.91074 -43.10410

The Philadelphia sloop  Hunter  and the  Friends Good Will are captured. The Philadelphia sloop  Hunter  and the  Friends Good Will were captured in 1781.  The crews were still in Mill prison on October 14,  1781.4

1781

Atlantic Ocean,  Conf. : 0,  45.57371 -29.30527

The British fleet captures 33 French transports.

The HMS  Agamemnon captures five French transports.

British privateers capture 10 French transports.

A French fleet of 19 ships of the line and 70 to 80 transports sailed from Brest,  France .  British  Admiral Kempenfelt's fleet fell in with them but did not attack because of his inferior strength. He had only 12 ships of the line and only one

50-gun ship. Nonetheless ,  he managed to capture 33 transports which had 1190  troops on board and great quantities of military stores and clothing. The  HMS  Agamemnon  captured an additional five and privateers captured 10 more. The  rest of the French fleet returned to port.5

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 36.16230 -14.31992

The British capture  the Neapolitan merchant vessel St. Antonio.

The British captured Vincenzo Assante’s St. Antonio in 1781. She was tried and  condemned in the High Court of Admiralty, where she is described as a  Neapolitan merchant vessel.6

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 35.27032 -17.70371

The  British capture the Genoese merchant vessel St. Antonio di Padova. The British captured Francesco Gestro’s St. Antonio di Padova in 1781. She was  tried and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty, where she is described as  a Genoese merchant vessel.7

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 37.35927 -41.56602

The British capture  the Whig merchant vessel Washington.

The British captured the  Washington in 1781 and sent her to New York where

she was described as an American merchant vessel, tried and condemned.8

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 41.55933 -49.07165

The British capture the French merchant vessel L’Activité.

The British captured Claude Berard’s  L’Activité in 1781. She was  tried and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she is  described as a French merchant vessel with a letter-of-marque.9

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 36.32550 -48.91784

The British capture the Whig merchant vessel  Adventure.

The British captured Silas Atkins’s  Adventure in 1781. She was tried and  condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she  was described as a possible  American merchant vessel. A further notation is that Atkins succeeded James  Simpson.10

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 42.36806 -57.26745

The British capture the French privateer  Alert.

The British captured Joseph Chabon’s  Alert in 1781. She was sent to New York where she was described as a French privateer, tried and condemned.11

1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 0, 39.56127 -50.44297

The British capture the Betsey.

The British captured Joseph Cook’s Betsey in 1781 and sent her to New York  where she was tried and condemned. She is described as an American merchant  vessel.12

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  53.94803 2.99453

The British capture the  Anthony Hendrick.

The British captured Meine Willems’s  Anthony Hendrick in 1781. She was tried  and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she was described as a  Dutch merchant vessel.13

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  54.89401 4.62051

The British capture the Dutch merchant vessel D’Adrianne.

The British captured Jacob Veer’s D’Adrianne in 1781. She was tried and  condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she is described as a Dutch  merchant vessel.14

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  54.89401 3.60977

The British capture the Dutch merchant vessel De Abraham and Jacob. The British captured Euives Pieters’s De Abraham and Jacob in 1781. The High  Court of Admiralty records list her as a Dutch merchant ship,  with the date range  1781 - 1783.15

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  54.94452 3.03848

The British capture the Dutch merchant vessel De Apollo.

The British captured Siewart de Boer’s De Apollo in 1781. She was tried and  condemned in the High Court of Admiralty,  where she is described  as a Dutch  merchant vessel.16

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  55.79358 3.21426

The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel De Attentie.

The British captured Jan Hessel Visser’s De Attentie in 1781. She was tried and  condemned in the High Court of Admiralty,  where she is described as a Dutch  merchant vessel.17

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  55.94153 4.31289

The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel De Batavier.

The British captured Siefke Siefkes de Graaf’s De Batavier in 1781. She was tried and condemned in  the High Court of Admiralty,  where she is described as a  Dutch merchant vessel.18

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  57.27164 4.31289

The British capture the Swedish merchant vessel St. Anna.

The British captured Mathias Enroth’s St. Anna in 1781. She was tried and  condemned in the High Court of Admiralty,  being described as a Swedish  merchant vessel.19

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  54.86873 2.20352

The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel Vryheid a second time.

The British captured  Jacob Kersjes’s Vryheid a second time in 1781. She was  tried and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she is described as a  Netherlands merchant vessel. 20

See 1780 or 1781.The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel Vryheid.

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  55.04536 4.70840

The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel Wandrende Jacob.

The British captured Pietter Holm’s Wandrende Jacob in 1781. She was tried  and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she was described as a  Danish merchant vessel.21

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  56.30540 2.91565

The British capture  the Dutch merchant vessel West Cappelle.

The British captured Geysberecht Moelaert’s  West Cappelle in 1781. She was  tried and condemned in the High Court of Admiralty where she was described as  a Netherlands merchant vessel.22

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  55.74054 3.57483

The British capture the Dutch  merchant vessel  Wilhelmus Josephus.

The British captured Antony van Hanxleden’s Netherlands merchant vessel  Wilhelmus Josephus in 1781. She was tried and condemned in the High Court of  Admiralty.23

1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0, 56.17719 2.76185

The British capture the  Dutch merchant vessel  Anna and Samuel.

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The British captured Sander van Camp’s  Anna and Samuel in 1781. She was described as a Dutch merchant vessel. She was tried and condemned in the High  Court of Admiralty.24

Ca. 1781

Atlantic  Ocean, Conf. : 0, 35.37267 -40.80993

The British capture the Friend’s Adventure.

The British captured Stephen Pightling’s Friend’s Adventure about 1781. She is described in the High Court of Admiralty records as an English ship in ballast.  This probably indicates a recapture.25

Ca. 1781

North Sea, Conf.: 0, 55.39266 4.62952

The HM Cutter  Liberty captures the Prussian merchant vessel  Wolfahit. The HM Cutter  Liberty captured Martin Wachholtz’s Prussian merchant vessel  Wolfahit about 1781. The commander of the cutter disavowed the capture. When the Wolfahit was tried in the High Court of Admiralty, she was acquitted and damages assessed against the  Liberty.26

January 1781

French coast,  Conf. : 2,  46.56771 - 12.53112

The British privateer  Admiral Hawke  captures M. de Chalonois's French letter of marque.

The British privateer  Admiral Hawke  captured M. de Chalonois's French letter of

marque. She was bound from Rotterdam,  Netherlands to  Havre de Grace (Le

Havre,  France) and  taken to Penryn,  England in January 1781 .27

Ca. January 1781

Off Charleston,  South Carolina,  Conf.: 2,  32.40938 -76.91101

The Pennsylvania privateer brigantine  Ariel captures an unnamed schooner and the  brig  Chance.

Commander Matthew Lawler’s  Pennsylvania privateer brigantine  Ariel was returning to Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania from the West Indies about January  1781 when she captured an unnamed schooner off Charleston,  South Carolina.  The schooner was bound from Halifax,  Nova Scotia to Charleston but her fate is unknown.

The  Ariel also captured Alexander Wiley’s brig  Chance near the approaches to  Charleston about the same time. The  Chance  was bound from Lisbon,  Portugal to Charleston with a cargo of lemons,  raisins,  figs and other items. She  was  sent to Philadelphia,  where she arrived on February 8,  1781 ,  was libeled on February  10 and her trial set for the 14th.28

Ca. January 1781

Off Charleston,  South Carolina,  Conf.: 2,  31.67369 -75.62561

The  Pennsylvania privateer brigantine  Ariel captures the  Cornwallis  Galley.

Commander Matthew Lawler’s Pennsylvania  privateer brigantine  Ariel was returning to Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania from the West Indies about January  1781. The  Ariel  captured the  Cornwallis Galley,  owned in Charleston,  off  Charleston,  South Carolina.  Commander  Lawler removed various items of munitions and gear from the  Cornwallis Galley and then released her. The munitions and tackle were taken to Philadelphia and sold there on April 13,  1781.29

Before January 4,  1781

West Indies, Conf.: 2,  17.05849 -63.71469

The Crown vessels  Stag,  Regulator  and  Mercury  capture the Danish frigate  Bornholm.

Captain John Carey's privateer brig  Stag,  Captain James Walcott's ship  Regulator and Captain Craig's polacre  Mercury  fell in with 10  vessels (three brigs, three schooners and four sloops) bound from Guadeloupe,  French West Indiesor Santa Cruz to St. Thomas,  Danish West Indies. They were convoyed by the  Danish frigate  Bornholm,  of 36 guns and 200 men,  which struck to the privateers after firing four guns. The privateers permitted the frigate to depart but convoyed the 10 vessels to  Basseterre,  St. Kitts,  British West Indies. They were Captain  Wennyman's brig  Thomas,  Captain Henston's brig  Christiana,  Captain Westcott's sloop  Marville,  Captain Johnson's sloop,  Captain Elwood's schooner  Jenny,  Captain Pennell's schooner  Ranger,  Andrea Arara's schooner  La Christiana and the schooner  Amelia Christiana. They were all loaded with French sugar,  coffee and cotton and  were valued at £50,000.30

January 4,  1781

Off Ushant,  Conf.: 2,  48.424525 -6.190251

The British Courageux  attacks the French frigate  la Minerve.

Lord Mulgrave's 74-gun  Courageux,  in company with the  Valiant,  captured  Chevalier de Grimouard's 32-gun,  316-men French frigate  la  Minerve about 14 leagues west of Ushant about 3 PM on Thursday,  January 4 ,  1781. She sailed from Brest,  France on January 3 with La Fine,  L'Aigre and  La Diligence to cruise off Scilly,  England for two weeks. The Chevalier de Grimouard did not strike until the  Minerve had been under fire from the  Courageux's broadsides  for about an hour  within pistol range. The  Courageux  had 10 men killed and seven wounded.  Her foremasts,  mizzenmasts and bowsprit were damaged. The French lost a lieutenant and 49 men killed and 23 wounded. Chevalier de Grimouard and his nephew were seriously wounded. The  Minerve's masts were rendered unserviceable and her hull was badly damaged,  requiring her to be towed to port.  The  Valiant  parted from the  Courageux  to chase one of the other  frigates.31

January 5, 1781

New Jersey coast, Conf. : 1, 39.43135  -73.54468

The sloop of war  Saratoga  captures the Loyalist privateer ship  Resolution. Captain John Young's sloop of war  Saratoga  captured the New York privateer ship  Resolution  on Friday,  January 5, 1781 and sent her to Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.32

January 5, 1781

North Carolina coast, Conf. : 2, 35.59751  -73.27388

Captain Asby's cutter captures the Loyalist brig  Betsey.

Captain Asby's cutter captured Captain Trotter's  Loyalist brig  Betsey  bound from  New York to Charleston, South Carolina and sent her to Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania on Friday, January 5, 1781 .33

January 5, 1781

West Indies, Conf.: 3, 12.59000 -56.30000

The Whig privateer  Pilgrim captures the ship  Mary.

Commander Moses Stowards's ship  Mary, from London, carrying 22 guns and  82 men, saw a vessel in the southwest quarter  in latitude 12.59 N. longitude  56.30 W  at 1 PM on January 5, 1781 but continued her course to the westward as she was not thoroughly repaired. The ship approached the  Mary  about 4:  30  PM and hoisted British colors. The two captains engaged in conversation when the vessel change her colors from English to  Continental and fired her great guns and small arms into the  Mary, wounding Captain Stowards in the cheek and killing four men. Soon after the engagement began, Captain Stowards was shot through the shoulder with a musket ball but remained on deck to command the  Mary. The third enemy broadside wounded him in the head with langrage. He gave the command to his chief mate and expired. The engagement lasted until sunset when the  Mary  was so badly damaged that she was forced to surrender

to  Commander Joseph Robinson's (or  Robertson) Whig privateer ship  Pilgrim,

mounting 18 carriage guns and 200 men, mostly English and Scots.

That night, the  Pilgrim  could scarcely be kept above water due to the damage she received, and the  Mary  was so leaky that she had to be pumped continually. The officers and part of the crew who remained on board the  Mary were equal in number to the  Whigs who were put on board to guard them. They plotted to retake her at night, but the third mate, who had entered  Congressional service, learned of the plot and reported it. The officers and 16 crewmen were put into the longboat and set adrift on the 11th. The sea was running very high and they were 100 leagues to the windward of Barbados, British West Indies. They arrived at Basseterre, St. Kitts, British West Indies on Monday, January 15, 1781 .34

Ca. January 5, 1781

Chesapeake Bay, Conf. : 1, 37.88616  -76.02046

The Whig sloop  Porpoise  and an armed barge capture the Loyalist privateer schooner  Hibernia.

Captain Revelly's 10-gun Whig sloop  Porpoise  and an armed barge under the command of Colonel John Stewart went down the Chesapeake Bay in search of enemy privateers a few days before January 9, 1781. The 10-gun (four carriage and six swivel guns) New York  Loyalist privateer schooner  Hibernia  lay in shore, out of range of the  Porpoise's guns. The  Porpoise  had the advantage but ran aground, giving the  Hibernia  an opportunity to sheer off and proceed down the bay. Colonel Stewart sent Captain Revelly and a company of men in a barge to attack her. They captured her after a sharp conflict. The  Porpoise had five men killed and 13 wounded. Captain Revelly was shot through both legs as he attempted to wedge the  Hibernia's rudder.35

Before January 5 or 6, 1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1, 30.19551  -70.5492

Crown vessels capture the Philadelphia schooner  Centurion, the ship  Mercury Packet, the brig  Polly, the brig  La Ravie, the schooner  Chance,  the sloop  Industry and the schooner  Chance from Hispaniola.

Crown  vessels captured Captain Boyd’s Philadelphia, Pennsylvania schooner  Centurion, the ship  Mercury Packet, the brig  Polly, the brig  La Ravie, the schooner  Chance, the sloop  Industry.  They were all bound from New York to the West  Indies  and brought to New York on January 5 or 6, 1781 along with the schooner  Chance from Hispaniola [Haiti]. The first schooner  Chance was from Cape  François, Saint-Domingue, French West Indies [Cap Haitien,  Haiti] with a cargo of sugar, rum and molasses. The second one was also from Haiti and had a cargo of tobacco, flour and lumber.36

Before January 7,  1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 2,  55.66088 2.55376

The HMS  Termagant and the HMS  Hero capture 13 Dutch vessels.

The HMS  Termagant,  alone and in company with the HMS  Hero,  captured 13  Dutch  vessels and Dutch property amounting to nearly £200,000 before January  7,  1781. The vessels were sent to Falmouth and to Plymouth,  England.37

January 7,  1781

West Indies,  Conf.: 2,  17.20798 -63.93869

The HMS  Torbay  and  Alcimene  capture a Spanish brig and a  Haitian ship.

The HMS  Torbay  and  Alcimene  captured a Spanish brig loaded with  bale goods

and a  Saint-Domingue ,  French West Indies [Haiti] ship with sugar and sent them

to Basseterre,  St. Kitts,  British West Indies on Sunday,  January 7 ,  1781 .38

Before January 8,  1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 2,  26.80839 -55.14963

The Crown privateer ship  Sir Peter Parker takes a Dutch sloop  and recaptures an English snow.

Captain Beaver's  Crown  privateer ship  Sir Peter Parker  returned to  Kingston,  Jamaica,  British West Indies on Saturday,  January 8,  1781. He brought in a  Dutch sloop and a recaptured English snow which was bound to the West Indies with a cargo of wine from Lisbon. On her passage,  her crew of mostly  Whigs, mutinied,  rose upon the officers  and  confined them in irons. They were heading to Hispaniola  [Haiti]  when the  Sir Peter Parker fell in with them.39

Before January 8,  1781Atlantic Ocean, Conf.

: 0,  32.16074 -39.68088

The French privateer  Mole captures the  Anne.

See January  8 ,  1781. The French privateer  Mole captures the packet boat  Comet.

January 8,  1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1 ,  27.59010 -64.11447

The French privateer  Mole captures the packet boat  Comet.

A French privateer named the  Mole captured Captain McDonough's packet boat  Comet on Saturday January 8 ,  1781 and brought her to Hispaniola [Haiti] . This was the same privateer that took the  Anne. She was bringing the November mail from Great Britain to Jamaica,  British West Indies.  40

January 8,  1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1 ,  40.76724 -62.53244

The Continental ship  Saratoga captures the brig  Douglass.

Captain John Young's  22-gun  Continental ship  Saratoga captured Captain  Archibald Greg's brig  Douglass on Monday,  January 8,  1781 and  sent her to  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania. She was bound from London and Madeira to New  York with 185 pipes,  153 hogsheads and 160 quarter casks of Madeira wine.41

January 9,  1781

Atlantic Ocean,  Conf. : 1 ,  37.21634 -54.62228

The Continental ship  Saratoga captures the letter of marque  Tonyn. Captain John Young's  22-gun  Continental ship  Saratoga  fell in with and captured John R. Wade's letter of marque  Tonyn,  of 20 6-pounders,  on Tuesday,  January 9 ,  1781. She was bound from St. Augustine,  Florida to Liverpool,  England with turpentine,  indigo,  staves,  hides and deerskins. She was badly damaged in the one-hour action. Captain Wade and  all his officers  were wounded and seven of his men were killed and 15 wounded. The  Saratoga  suffered much

damage to  her sails and rigging but had no casualties. The  Tonyn was taken to

Cape François,  Saint-Domingue,  French West Indies [Cap Haitien,  Haiti] .42

Between January 3 and January 10, 1781 Massachusetts coast, Conf.: 1, 41.39660  -67.84982 The brig  Patty captures the Crown schooner  Success.

Captain Reed's brig  Patty captured Captain William Ward's Crown schooner  Success  bound from Penobscot, Maine to New York with spars and sent her to  Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between January 3 and January 10, 1781. Major  Rogers, of the British Army, was a passenger on the  Success. He was put in the new jail, having once broken his parole.43

Between January 3 and January 10, 1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 2, 35.37472  -42.31760

The Whig sloop-of-war  Saratoga  captures the privateer ship  Resolution. Captain John Young's Whig sloop-of-war  Saratoga  captured Captain Laughton's  14-gun privateer ship  Resolution and sent her to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between January 3 and January 10, 1781.44

Before January 10,  1781

English Channel, Conf. : 2,  50.13749 -0.70138

The HMS  Perseus  captures the Dutch vessel  Friendship.

Captain Dacres's HMS  Perseus  captured the Dutch vessel  Friendship  laden with fruit and sent her to Portsmouth,  England before January 10 ,  1781.45

Before January 10,  1781

Bay of Biscay,  Conf. : 0,  46.09153 -6.32638

The Crown cutters  Griffin  and  Rambler  capture the French privateer  Le

General Ville Patoux.

The  Crown  cutters  Griffin  and  Rambler  captured the French privateer  Le General

Ville Patoux, carrying 12 guns and 56 men,  before January 10,  1781 .46

Before January 10,  1781

Bay of Biscay,  Conf. : 2,  46.87822 -7.95236

The British cutter  Nimble captures the French privateer  Le Subtile.

Lieutenant Furnival's cutter  Nimble captured the French 14-gun  and 41 -men privateer  Le Subtile  before January 10 ,  1781.47

January 10,  1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 0,  53.63422 2.55057

The HMS  Warwick takes a Dutch man-of-war.

Captain George Keith Elphinstone's HMS  Warwick took a Dutch man-of-war, of

50 guns and 300 men, without any loss on Wednesday,  January 10,  1781.48

Ca. January 10,  1781

North Carolina coast,  Conf. : 1 ,  34.69105 -73.25510

A Whig privateer captures two brigs.

A Whig privateer captured two brigs that sailed from New York for South Carolina about January 10,  1781 and brought them to Providence, Rhode Island.49

Ca. January 10,  1781

North Sea,  Conf.: 2,  53.10838 4.11693

The HMS  Perseus  and the sloop  Fortune  capture the Dutch East India ship  Catherina Wilhelmina.

Captain Dacres's HMS  Perseus  and the sloop  Fortune  captured the Dutch East  India ship  Catherina Wilhelmina  about January 10,  1781. The 900-ton  Catherina  Wilhelmina  was bound from Rotterdam to Batavia,  Netherlands with masts and  $130,000 in specie.50

Before January 11, 1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1, 39.17416  -68.84327/ 25.33584  -66.82179

Crown forces capture Captain Daniel McNiel's ship.

The Massachusetts privateer  Pickering  retakes Captain Daniel McNiel's ship.

Crown forces captured Captain Daniel McNiel's ship bound from Newburyport,  Massachusetts to the West Indies before January 11, 1781. She was then retaken by the Salem privateer  Pickering  and brought to Martinique, French West  Indies.51

Before January 11,  1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1, 53.91195  -38.08155

The Whig vessel  Essex  captures a ship.

The Whig vessel  Essex  captured a ship bound from Newfoundland to Scotland with 400 barrels of oil and brought her to Boston, Massachusetts on Thursday,  January 11,  1781 .52

Before January 11, 1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1, 32.92733  -56.80226

The Whig vessel  Essex  captures a ship.

The Whig vessel  Essex  captured a ship bound from Jamaica, British West Indies to England with 345 hogsheads of sugar and 320 puncheons of  rum before  January 11, 1781 .53

January 11, 1781

See Overseas. India and the East Indies.  Fort Ostenburgh. The British capture

Fort Ostenburgh. And Overseas. India and the East Indies.  Fort Ostenburgh.

The British capture two Dutch ships.

Ca. January 11 ,  1781

English Channel,  Conf. : 2,  50.16406 - 1.63990

The Whig victualling ship  Sykes sinks the transport ship  Neptune.

The Whig victualling ship  Sykes  ran on board the transport ship  Neptune with

200 soldiers on board. The  Neptune was sunk off Portsmouth,  England about

January 11 ,  1781 and only 30 of her crewmen were saved.54

Before January 12,  1781

North Carolina,  Conf.: 2,  35.06913 -74.75708

The HMS  Blonde takes a brig and a schooner.

Commander Andrew Barclay's HMS  Blonde arrived at New York on Friday evening January 12,  1781 with two prizes,  a brig and a schooner from Cape Fear,  North Carolina.55

Ca. January 12,  1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 2,  25.85280 -71.57653

Captain McNiel’s privateer sloop captures the Whig brigantine  Flying Fish. Captain McNiel,  in a privateer sloop belonging to New Providence [Nassau,  Bahamas],  captured Captain Cole's Whig brigantine  Flying Fish  about January  12,  1781 and sent her to New Providence. She was bound from Cape François  Saint-Domingue,   French West Indies [Cap Haitien,   Haiti]   to Boston,  Massachusetts with coffee ,  sugar and molasses.56

January 13,  1781

Celtic Sea,  Conf.: 2,  48.769592 - 18.512569

The HMS  Alexander  captures the French privateer  le Dagesseau.

The HMS  Alexander  captured the French privateer  le Dagesseau  on Saturday,  January 13 ,  178 1 . She was a new ship of 30 guns and 205 men and was out from St.-Malo,  France only three days. She was sent to Portsmouth,  England. 57

Before January 14, 1781

South Carolina coast, Conf.: 2, 32.96582  -77.02575

The HMS  Royal Oak  captures the brig  Huntington  and six other vessels. The HMS  Royal Oak  captured the brig  Huntington  which arrived at Charleston,  South Carolina on Sunday, January 14, 1781. She was one of 13 vessels from  Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, of which seven were captured. The  Huntington was laden with 300 barrels of flour.58

January 14, 1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 3, 32.40541  -52.61612

The British letter of marque brig  Industry  battles a Whig vessel.

Captain Moore's 10-gun letter of marque brig  Industry, from Liverpool, England with a cargo of coal, sighted a vessel in the southwest quarter in latitude 32.40 on Sunday, January 14, 1781. Captain Moore hoisted French colors and the other vessel hoisted the 13 stripes. When the two vessels got within pistol range, the  Industry displayed British colors and a smart engagement ensued which lasted for an hour and a half before the Whig vessel escaped. The  Industry had two men wounded, one of whom died the following day. The damage to her rigging made pursuit impracticable. The  Industry arrived at New  York on Wednesday,  January 31, 1781. 59

Week of January 14, 1781

Long  Island Sound, Conf. : 2, 40.54022  -73.53274

Two Whig whaleboats take two Loyalist vessels.

Two Whig whaleboats took two Loyalist vessels loaded with wood off Hempstead,  Long Island during the week of January 14, 1781. One of the vessels was armed with 20 4-pounders, six swivels and a cohorn and had six crewmen. They engaged the boats but did not surrender until the captain was badly wounded in the head. Two men were wounded on board the boats. The prizes were taken to New Haven, Connecticut.  60

Week of  January 14,  1781

Celtic Sea,  Conf.: 2,  50.50759 -8.10915

The French privateer cutter  Civilite captures about 35 prizes.

Captain Bennett's 16-gun French privateer cutter  Civilite  created great havoc among the convoys along the British coast during the week  of January 14 ,  1781.  She captured about 35 prizes.61

Ca. January 15,  1781

Maryland coast,  Conf. : 1 ,  37.91962 -72.88454

The Loyalist  Fair American captures the Pennsylvania brig  Fanny.

Captain Jackways's  Loyalist  Fair American captured Captain Tanner’s  Philadelphia brig  Fanny bound to Havana,  Cuba and sent her to Virginia on  Monday,  January 15,  1781. She was bound from New York to Charleston,  South  Carolina with salt,  wine and dry goods.62

Before January 16, 1781

West Indies,  Conf.: 0, 16.88100 -60.34525

The French frigate  Juno  captures the HMS  Rover.

See January 16, 1781. The British privateer ship  Regulator takes a French ship.

January 16, 1781

West Indies, Conf.: 3, 16.11465 -61.14451

The British privateer ship  Regulator takes a French ship.

Commander James Walcott's British privateer ship  Regulator  arrived at  Basseterre, St. Kitts, British West Indies on Tuesday, January 16, 1781 with a  French ship. The prize was formerly Captain Savage's HMS  Rover captured a short while earlier by the 40-gun French frigate  Juno  after a conflict of nearly an hour. She was retaken at night near Guadeloupe, French West Indies without firing a shot.63

January 16,  1781

Irish channel,  Conf.: 2,  53.88468 -5.50067

The British frigate  Stag captures a large smuggling vessel.

Captain Cooper’s British frigate  Stag captured a large smuggling vessel of 20 guns and a valuable cargo of silk and brandy in the  Irish channel  on January  16,  1781. She was sent to Liverpool. 64

January 16, 1781

Coast  of Portugal, Conf. : 0, 37.41348 -14.59735

The British  Nemesis  captures a ship.

British Captain Bleigh's  Nemesis  captured a ship from Smyrna, Turkey worth

£100,000 on Tuesday, January 16, 1781 .65

January 16, 1781

North Sea, Conf.: 0, 52.80916 2.89288

The British privateer  North Star captures a Dutch East Indiaman.

The Bristol, England privateer  North Star captured a Dutch East Indiaman on

Tuesday, January 16, 1781 .66

Before January 17, 1781

Alboran Sea, Conf. : 1, 36.29136  -2.00733

The Irish privateer  Fame captures the French merchantmen  Two Brothers, l' Univer,  Zophir,  Nancy and another merchantman.

Captain Edward Moore's 22-gun, 110-men Dublin, Ireland privateer  Fame  fell in with five French merchantmen between Cape de Pallas and Cape de Gatt before  January 17, 1781. The heavily-laden merchantmen were bound from Marseilles,  France to Cape François, Saint-Domingue, French West Indies [Cap Haitien,  Haiti]. The  Fame  captured four of them after a smart engagement of about an hour and brought them to Algiers, Algeria. They were Captain Coucowrell's 300-ton  Two Brothers, mounting 14 6-pounders and 55 men; Captain Compte's 300-ton l' Univer, of 12 4-pounders and 41 men; Captain Brican's  Zophir, carrying 10  3-pounders and 32 men and Captain Barard's  Nancy, carrying four 6-pounders and 18 men.67

January 17, 1781

Delaware coast, Conf.: 2, 38.12151  -73.24875

The brig  Fame  takes the Loyalist privateer schooner  Cock.

Captain Treen's brig  Fame  took Captain Brooks's Loyalist privateer schooner  Cock  about Wednesday,  January 17, 1781. She was bound from New York to the  Chesapeake Bay and was sent  to a port in New Jersey.68

Before January 18, 1781

Off the South Carolina coast, Conf. : 2, 32.38451  -76.23703

The Whig privateers  Fair American  and  Holker attack the  Mary and are beaten off.

The Whig privateers  Fair American  and  Holker came up with the  Mary  at night off the South Carolina coast before January 18, 1781. The  Fair American

attacked the  Mary and was beaten off. Both captains judged it prudent to alter

their course.69

Before January 18, 1781

Atlantic Ocean, Conf. : 1, 24.59199  -71.49094

The British vessel  Intrepid  captures five vessels.

Captain Ferguson's  Intrepid  captured five vessels from Saint-Domingue, French

West Indies [Haiti] before January 18, 1781 .70

Before January 18,  1781

Celtic Sea,  Conf.: 2,  48.94322 -6.88816

Four British privateers capture at least 12 Dutch merchantmen.

Four British privateers,  of four guns each,  captured no less than 12 Dutch merchantmen which were sent to Scilly,  England and two adjacent islands before  January 18,  1781. One of the prizes was a vessel of more than 400 tons bound from Surinam to Amsterdam,  Netherlands with sugar,  indigo and coffee valued at more than £20,000.71

January 18,  1781

English Channel,  Conf. : 2,  49.17535 -2.10060

A French landing party is annihilated.

The French landed at  Jersey,  Channel Isles  at 2 AM on January 18,  1781. By 9

AM ,  they were all either killed,  taken prisoner or put to flight.72

Before January 20,  1781

Atlantic Ocean,  Conf. : 1 ,  35.25641 -69.98283 / 33.71705  -69.44450

The HMS  Medea,  HMS  Raleigh and HMS  Roebuck capture five Whig vessels. British vessels capture the Whig frigate  Centurion,  another frigate and several other vessels.

Captain Duncan's