Ho Chi Minh's Political Ideology - Historical and Era Value (Monographs)

By Asso.Prof. Dr Pham Ngoc Tram

“Historical experience shows that any country or nation that wants to survive, develop and steadfast with its era must have its own political ideology or must choose the appropriate ideology. At the same time, historical experience also shows that this choice is only correct, when on the one hand comes from the reality of the country, from the personality of the nation, from the earnest desire of the people, and on the other hand, must be consistent with the law of the inevitable and objective development of the society.
Ho Chi Minh's political thought is the development path of the Vietnamese revolution not only in the history of national liberation, but also in the era of integration ”

MAIN AUTHOR: ASSO PROF.DR. PHM NGC TRÂM
(Edited by Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, MBA, International University of Japan)

• Language: English
• Publisher: Partridge Publishing Singapore
• Release date: Oct 29, 2020
• ISBN: 9781543761702

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Copyright © 2020 by Asso.prof. Dr Pham Ngoc Tram.

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CONTENTS

Preface

About The Author

Chapter 1 Foundation for Establishing Political Ideas in Ho Chi Minh

1.1 Definition

1.2 Historical circumstances

1.3 To absorb and inherit Vietnamese traditional political ideology

1.3.1 People friendly policy

1.3.2 Cleverly using people - a unique feature in Vietnamese traditional political ideology

1.3.3 Art of foreign affairs

1.4 Absorb Eastern political ideas

1.5 Get Western political ideas

1.6 Selectively absorb, apply and develop creatively Marx-Leninist political ideas

Chapter 2 Applying and Developing Political Idea Marxism-Lenin (1919 - 1929)

2.1 Historical backround

2.2 Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology during the period in France (1919 - 1923)

2.3 Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology in the Soviet Union (1923-1924)

2.4 Build Vietnam Youth Revolution Association

2.5 Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology - through the work of Duong Revolution

Chapter 3 Puting Ethnic Benefits First - Core Content of Ho Chi Minh Political Idea (1930 - 1945)

3.1 Historical background

3.2 Ho Chi Minh’s political thought is reflected in the first political platform of the Communist Party of Vietnam

3.3 The Resolution abolishes the old Party Principle, Strategy and Charter - criticizing the first Political Platform

3.4 Persistent ideal for the people for the country (1931 - 1941)

3.5 Nationalism is a great driving force for the country

Chapter 4 Ho Chi Minh Political Thinking on War to Build Country (1945 - 1954)

4.1 Country situation after the August Revolution (1945)

4.2 Duece to move forward

4.3 Long term revolution

4.4 Building the Vietnamese political system (1945 - 1954)

4.5 Conclusion of some typical values of Ho Chi Minh’s political thought through the practice of the resistance war (1945 - 1954)

Chapter 5 Ho Chi Minh Political Thinking (1954 - 1969)

5.1 Ho Chi Minh’s historical background and vision

5.2 Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom

5.3 The entire people fought the enemy

5.4 5.4. Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology in the attack and uprising in spring 1968

5.5 Fight the enemy with two legs, three attacks of armor

5.6 Conclusion on typical values of Ho Chi Minh political thinking (1954 - 1969)

Chapter 6 Characteristics, Values Of Political Concept Of Ho Chi Minh

6.1 Some characteristics of Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology

6.1.1 Deep patriotism, for the sake of the nation

6.1.2 The people and lofty humanity

6.1.3 The far-sighted insight

6.1.4 Assertive courage

6.1.5 Honesty, responsibility

6.1.6 Consistency between say and do

6.1.7 Agile, flexible, harmoniously combining East - West

6.1.8 Creatively solves problems posed by practice

6.1.9 Combination of tradition and modernity

6.2 The value of Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology

6.2.1 National independence is associated with socialism

6.2.2 Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology (along with Marxism-Leninism) is a guideline for innovation and integration.

Conclusion

References

Appendix 1 Report on North, Central And South Vietnam

Appendix 2 First Policy of The Party

Appendix 3 Vietnamese Declaration of Independence

Appendix 4 Will of Chairman Ho Chi Minh

PREFACE

Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology is the crystallization of the thousands of years of fine cultural traditions of the Vietnamese nation and the quintessence of world culture, reflecting the aspirations of the Vietnamese peoples for freedom and democracy., peace, happiness and social progress. In many documents of the Party and State as well as our people, we have affirmed that Ho Chi Minh’s political thought has not only historical value but also epochal value. Therefore, the study of Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology not only serves the revolutionary traditional education activities, consultation and policy formulation, but also has special meaning in affirming the choice of the path. development of the Vietnamese revolution in the current context of renewal and integration.

Currently, research, approach to solving problems in social sciences, humanities in Vietnam in general, Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology in particular, according to the current universal values of humanity is one urgent need but also faces many challenges. Ho Chi Minh’s Political Thought booklet approaches that value, in order to create a basis for consolidating Ho Chi Minh’s ideological values in the context of international integration.

The content of the booklet not only portrays the portrait of President Ho Chi Minh, a genius politician, but also an outstanding culturalist, cleverly combining politics and culture to create the art of leadership of Ho Chi Minh, with a strong appeal to all classes of people and international friends, even has people on the other side of the front line. Inheriting and promoting Ho Chi Minh’s political culture, creating soft power, enhancing the country’s position and power in the cause of renovation and integration, has theoretical and practical meaning.

Ho Chi Minh’s political thought was associated with the process of his activities, from the moment he left to find the way to save the country, to Leninism with exciting and rich practical activities in France (1921-1923), in the Soviet Union (1923-1924), in China (1924-1927), in Thailand (1928-1929), campaign for national liberation (1930-1945), the resistance against French colonialism and regime construction People’s democracy (1945 - 1954), leading the resistance war against America, saving the country (1954 - 1969).

Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology is associated with Vietnamese revolutionary practice. Since the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a series of problems have been posed to the Vietnamese revolution, such as methods of national liberation struggle, national liberation forces, political regime. After gaining independence … All these questions were satisfactorily resolved by Ho Chi Minh in the process of his political activities to form the Communist Party of Vietnam, to build the State. Democratic Republic of Vietnam, building the Front and other socio-political organizations, step by step solving the requirements and tasks of the times, promoting the development of society and the country. build a prosperous, free and happy life for the people.

From the vibrant and rich practical activities of Ho Chi Minh, the book Ho Chi Minh Political Thought has gathered valuable experiences and views in the political field. In theory, Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology reflects his views on the organization and control of the state apparatus within a country and the state relations among countries; the activities of a class, a political party, or a social corporation aimed at gaining or maintaining control of the state apparatus. Ho Chi Minh’s political thought is both a science - state leadership, human leadership, mastery science, social architecture - as well as an art, belonging to proletarian ideology.

The book summarizes Ho Chi Minh’s political thought on both theoretical and practical aspects. Putting national interests first is the vivid expression of Vietnamese patriotism, the dominant and throughout thought in Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology. From that reality, he concludes a major theoretical issue: Nationalism is the great driving force of the country, Nationalism is the great and only driving force of social life and He makes obedience. revival of nationalism ", associating nationalism with national rights; apply progressive political ideology to the process of national liberation struggle and build a new government.

The booklet has distilled and summarized the basic characteristics of Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology such as deep patriotism; the people and the great humanity; visionary insight; sharp, highly flexible; courageous and assertive in strategy, tactics and countermeasures; effectiveness and political honesty; consistency between say and do.

Due to limited ability and level, surely the book will not avoid certain shortcomings, we hope to receive your comments from readers.

Sincerely thank!

Ho Chi Minh city, Dated on April 30th, 2020

Asso.Prof.Dr. Phạm Ngọc Trâm

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

001.jpg

Assoc.Prof.Dr. PHAM NGOC TRAM

Born in 1964

Research:

Vietnamese history is near modern; Ho Chi Minh studied; Main political and systemic issues rule of Vietnam; history of the South, Southeast, Vietnam sea islands

Participate in research and compilation:

– Ministry of History of Vietnam, episode 23 (State-level project) - (2017 - 2019)

Ministry-level topics:

– Protection of the sovereignty over the sea and islands of Vietnam - from the perspective of management and exploitation (1975 - 2012) - Acceptance in 2014

– History of sea island exploitation and management in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province from the early twentieth century up to now (1900-2013)

– Ho Chi Minh’s activities and contributions in the political field - Acceptance in 2019

Monographs (written separately)

– The way to save the country in Ho Chi Minh, HCMC General Publishing House, 2011

– The process of reforming the political system in Vietnam (1986 - 2011), the National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2011

– Protection of sovereignty and exploitation management of Vietnam’s sea and islands (1975 - 2014), General Publishing House, Ho Chi Minh City, 2016

Monographs (general writing)

– Ho Chi Minh’s activities and contributions in the political field, Publisher HCMC National University, 2019

– South Vietnam in the process of integrating into the region and the world, volume 10, Political Publishing House country, Hanoi, 2018

– Urgent problems of the Khmer people in the Mekong Delta in the process go to industrialization - modernization, National University Publishing House of Ho Chi Minh City, 2010

Scientific article

International publication: 15 articles (including 5 scopus)

Domestic publication: 35 articles

1

FOUNDATION FOR

ESTABLISHING POLITICAL

IDEAS IN HO CHI MINH

1.1 Definition

Politics

In the history of human thought there are many different definitions of politics as a complex field covering many relationships, many different aspects of social life. Politics is a Greek term originating from work related to the state, the art of state rule. Politics is the art of governing and managing the society of a leader or the science of gaining and holding kingship in the world. Politics emerged from the time when society divided class and affected all people of different classes and classes. Politics in the highest sense is life, and life is politics (source: General and applied politics, Publisher. Union, Moscow, 1997).

According to Max Weber (source: Max Weber (1864 - 1920) is considered one of the few scholars with great influence in the social sciences and one of the ancestors of sociology. He has made great contributions in modern political science).Politics is the process of gaining power and influencing the distribution of power among sectors within a country or between nations. family. He argues that politics as well as the state cannot be removed from people’s lives because they still need them.

According to the encyclopedia of Soviet philosophy: Politics in its own meaning, is the affairs of the state, is the sphere of activity associated with the relations of different caste, ethnic group and social groups. Its nucleus is a matter of gaining, holding and using state power (source: Philosophy Encyclopedia, Publishing House. Progress, Moscow, 1983, pp. 507).

In the view of Marxism-Leninism, politics actually stems from the relationship of interests between classes, social groups, nations and peoples, the core of which is economic interests. Politics is related to power, the relations between classes and parties that struggle with each other to gain, hold and use government to dominate society. According to VILê nin: Politics is the participation in the affairs of the state, the setting of the direction for the state, the determination of the forms, tasks and contents of the state’s activities (source: V.I.Lenin : Complete set, Publishing House. National politics, Hanoi, t.33, 2005, pp. 404).

Politics is the relationship between classes, nations, peoples, social forces in gaining, holding and exercising state power (source: Institute of Political Science - National Academy of Politics Ho Chi Minh (2006), Political lecture booklet, Publisher. Political theory, Hanoi, pp. 8); are issues of organization and control of the state apparatus within a country and state relations among countries (source: Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences - Institute of Languages (1992), Vietnamese Dictionary, Hanoi Vietnam Language Dictionary Publishing, Hanoi; pp.174).

From both internal and external perspectives, it can be understood that "Politics is an activity in the field of relations between classes, parties, and states with the focus on interest relations but first of all, economic interests) and power relations (most importantly state power) among classes, classes, forces (source: Nguyen Thi Thanh Dung (2014), Political Thinking Ho Chi Minh - Main features and methodological significance, Ph.D. thesis in Politics, Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, Hanoi, pp. 31-32).

Politics stems from the economy, the economic status of each class; Politics is the most concentrated manifestation of the economy. Corresponding to political ideas and political institutions is superstructure, above economic infrastructure. However, politics is not a passive consequence of economics. Politics can become a force for social reform when it properly reflects the development needs of material and social life. Thus, from the above definitions, it can be understood that politics is a category used to refer to a specific field of human activity in a caste society, which is participation in related work. to the state in order to realize class interests around the issue of gaining, keeping and using state power.

Politics is state affairs, national affairs. Politics is the highest art, the art of emperor; the art of rule by will, by consent, the art of leading the society.

Politics is the science of governing the state, leading people, the science of ownership, and social architecture. Politics is both a science and an art. After all, politics is the benefit, the destiny of millions of people.

For Ho Chi Minh: Politics is virtue [Ho Chi Minh (2011), Complete Works, t. 12, Publishing House. National politics, Hanoi, p. 269.]; Politics is pure from big to small [Ho Chi Minh (2011), Complete Works, t. 5, Publishing House. National politics, Hanoi, p. 75.], Politics is the soul, expertise is the corpse. Having expertise, without politics, only a corpse without a soul. Must have politics first and then expertise … In short, politics is virtue, expertise is talent. Having talent without virtue is bad… Germany must have first talent (source: Ho Chi Minh (2011), Complete Work, t. 12, Publishing House. National politics, Hanoi, pp. 269). The political summary is: 1. Solidarity. 2. Pure from big to small. (source: Ho Chi Minh (2011), Complete Works, p. 5, Publishing House. National politics, Hanoi, pp. 75.); Politics is the soul of all work (source: Ho Chi Minh (2011), Complete Works, t. 11, Publishing House. National politics, Hanoi, pp. 429.).

Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology

Political thought is the starting point that defines the direction of thinking, how to consider and evaluate politics and issues related to politics.

Ho Chi Minh’s political thought was formed and developed in the context of Vietnam’s society undergoing the most profound changes, between the situation of the country at a standstill on the path of development and the integration of East-West. In that crisis context, with a constant patriotism, burning aspirations to save the country, saving Ho Chi Minh’s people went out to find a way to save the country. The person realizing that in order to save the country and liberate the nation, he must have political understanding in the country and the world, so he determined to go out and find a way to save the country.

Absorbing the traditional quintessence of the national political ideology, the cultural - political quintessence of humanity and the Marxist-Leninist political viewpoint, Ho Chi Minh has established a system of political views. radical revolution. These include Ho Chi Minh’s views on the organization and control of the state apparatus within a country and the relations between the countries in terms of the state; the activities of a class, a political party, or a social corporation aimed at gaining or maintaining control of the state apparatus. At the same time, Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology is both a science and an art, deeply humane.

Ho Chi Minh is the eminent political leader of our nation and our Party, one of the greatest politicians of our time. (source: Institute of Politics (2009), Politics issues of theory and practice, Politics - Administration Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.21). His entire legacy left to posterity has two main parts: 1) political views and 2) ideology and moral example.

Ho Chi Minh’s political thought focuses on the following contents: Ho Chi Minh revolutionary road; National liberation revolution; People’s democracy regime; Socialism with the thought of building a socialist rule of law state owned by the people; Economic construction for socialism and development of culture, education and training; Promote personal values of people - always respect people, put people at the center.

Ho Chi Minh’s political thought is based on a great philosophical foundation: Vietnam is one, the people of Vietnam are one - inherited from the authentic history of the Vietnamese nation. From the practice of fighting to protect the country for thousands of years of the father, from the pain divided into three periods: Northern, Middle, and Southern States of the French colonialism in the late nineteenth century and early century XX, Ho Chi Minh’s political views were formed for the ideal of national liberation, promoting Vietnamese patriotism, revolutionizing the people’s democracy, bringing the country in transition to socialism.

1.2 Historical circumstances

Since the late nineteenth century, the movement to save the country according to the call of Can Vuong in our country is fading, the French colonialists basically completed the pacification of Vietnam in military terms, urgently embarking on implementing the chapter. colonial exploitation process, ensuring the highest super profit for French colonialism. That situation had a strong impact on all areas of Vietnamese social life.

Now that imperialism had established their domination over a large area of the world, the national resistance of the enslaved people increased. A series of events and upheavals affected the situation of Vietnam, such as the first World War broke out, the Russian Revolution was successful in October, Soviet Russia was born; The Communist International was established; Communist parties were born in a number of countries in Europe, Asia …

In order to serve the economic exploitation and exploitation, the French colonialists thoroughly implemented the policy of divide and conquer, divide the country, divide the Vietnamese people in order to disperse forces to easily rule. . In the Middle period, it was called a protected land, still maintained the Nguyen court, but King An Nam did not have real power, all power was concentrated in the hands of the Trung Kham envoy. King and Nguyen dynasty officials became puppets, or minions of France.

Due to being oppressed and exploited badly, the Vietnamese people fell into poverty. The movements to fight against French colonialism in Vietnam during this period broke out strongly, but all failed. In the middle of that time, Ho Chi Minh went abroad to study and find a new solution to save the country and liberate the nation.

The years 1911 - 1919 was the Ho Chi Minh period (note: Ho Chi Minh had many names and pseudonyms. In this book we are pleased to name only one name Ho Chi Minh)find a way to save the country. On June 5, 1911, from Nha Rong harbor, he said goodbye to the country and followed merchant ships around the world, approaching to learn the practical life of workers in the world to find a way to save. country saves people. People have been active in the worker and labor movement in several countries around the world; reaching people in need of colonial countries enslaved by colonialism; study, research ideological trends, political institutions; absorbing the revolutionary thought of Marxism-Leninism; choosing the path to save the country and liberate the nation is the path of proletarian revolution; sided with the Communist International; join the French Communist Party.

The process of operating and forming Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology in the period 1911 - 1919 was the process of acquiring and inheriting the traditional political elite of Vietnam and the world; selectively inherit Marxism-Leninism. This was also the opening period for Ho Chi Minh to learn more about revolutionary theories in the world, build a theory on the colonial revolution, first of all, the revolutionary theory to liberate the Vietnamese people. building the revolutionary factors of the nation, organizing and leading the Vietnamese revolution, going forward to win great victories for the independence of the nation and the freedom of the entire people.

Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology was formed on the basis of absorbing the traditional Vietnamese cultural values and the cultural essence of humanity. In which, the subjective factors of Ho Chi Minh, the practical operation process play an important role.

The road to form Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology is a long process from when he was born from a poor village, rich in patriotic revolutionary traditions to experiencing reality through each country and region he travels. through, immersed in revolutionary movements around the world until he returned home to lead the revolution to win, successfully built a democratic state for the Vietnamese people and until his death he still left an example light for the next generation.

Born into a family with a Confucian tradition and the nation’s revolutionary homeland, Ho Chi Minh had in his early life the first luggage of a deep, passionate love for his homeland, Besides, there is a thoughtful upbringing from his family, from his father. Growing up in the situation of losing home, the people were miserable and miserable, and he was more absorbed with the pain of losing the nation. Participating in patriotic movements at a young age, so Ho Chi Minh had distinct political qualities influenced by external factors such as the rule of the colonialists, the feudal government, and demonstrations. The love of the student days … urged him to leave to find a way to save the country for the Vietnamese people.

Through the years of traveling abroad, working in many jobs, through many countries, participating in many worker movements in Ho Chi Minh to shape his revolutionary path. And that path was even more clear when he encountered Lenin’s thesis since then, along with his life and personal experience, went through many trials, learning from many experiences of the revolutionary movements in the world. decided to follow the path that I have chosen to be the path of proletarian revolution according to Lenin and International III. On the basis of inheriting the quintessence of the nation and the quintessence of humanity that he has learned and partly witnessed, combined with the practice of the Vietnamese revolutionary movement, he affirmed his political thought as gain independence for the nation, bring freedom and happiness to the people.

The history of formation and development of Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology associated with the process of returning home to lead the Vietnamese revolution; at the same time, applying world political experiences to build the ruling Party, building the real state of the people. Thus, the path to form Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology is a process of learning the theory and practice of life, from the time he was in his homeland to the time he left to find the way to save the country and return to lead the people Ethnic groups fight for independence, building a new democratic state.

It was during the years and months of trying to find the way to save the country, many basic problems of Ho Chi Minh’s political thought were formed, most notably the national independence thought associated with socialism. This is a big problem that has become a political direction, directing awareness and action of the entire Party and people in the entire process of Vietnamese revolution. National independence associated with socialism in Ho Chi Minh’s political thought was tested and confirmed successfully in the period when our Party led our people to conduct the national liberation revolution (1945- 1954), the period of simultaneously carrying out two revolutionary strategies, the national democratic revolution in the South and the socialist revolution in the North, in which the socialist revolution in the North was the solid basis of the struggle for unification of the country (1954-1975), as well as the period of building and defending the Socialist Vietnam Fatherland in the next period, especially it is always meaningful in the for the current country renewal.

The core issue in Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology is patriotism, love for the people, love for people, wholeheartedly serving the Fatherland and the people. The person who upholds the ideal of saving the country, saving the people Fatherland first, Nation first, Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom. Ho Chi Minh believes that, in life and as a human being, we must love the country, the people, and the people who suffer are oppressed. Anything that benefits the people must be done. Anything harmful to the people must be avoided. It is a human life philosophy, a very humane philosophy of President Ho Chi Minh - inherited from the traditional political ideology of Vietnam.

1.3 To absorb and inherit Vietnamese traditional political ideology

Over thousands of years of history, the country of Vietnam must often face many powerful invaders. From the practice of building and defending the nation, Vietnam’s political ideology was formed. The basic characteristic of Vietnamese traditional political ideology is that on the basis of putting the interests of the nation first and foremost, paying attention to solving the practical interests of the people, and implementing pro-people policies; skillfully using people; know how to promote democracy in the spirit of tolerance and flexibility; demonstrates understanding of foreign art, absorbing human knowledge, summarizing them into their own knowledge, experience, and conclusions to apply to national leadership and management.

The unique features of political ideas in the history and traditions of the Vietnamese nation have contributed to the formation of political Ho Chi Minh’s thought.

In this section, we only outline three basic issues in the traditional Vietnamese political perspective that contribute to the formation of Ho Chi Minh’s political ideology.

– People Friendly policy

– Cleverly use humans

– Foreign art

1.3.1 People friendly policy

In the process of national construction and defense, the Vietnamese people always have to deal with the frequent invasions of foreign forces. The history of Vietnam has shown that, if counting from the third century BC up to now, the Vietnamese people have waged 20 great wars to keep the country; about 100 independence revolts; the time against foreign invaders lasted about 12 centuries [Nguyen Hung Hau (2008), From traditional patriotism to Ho Chi Minh patriotism, Publisher. National politics, Hanoi, p. 15]. In the condition that the country was regularly watched by external forces, especially the Northern feudalism, to protect the country, maintain and use state power effectively, dynasties in Vietnamese history. The man raised the banner of great cause for the country and for the people to attract humanity, rally the people in repelling the invaders and consolidating the government; the interests of the nation and the people are attached to the practical interests of the people. Ethnic independence is associated with freedom, food, clothing, education … of each people. Therefore, the traditional political viewpoint of Vietnam is to always put the interests of the nation and