The Gospel of Matthew

By R. T. France

"It is a special pleasure to introduce R T (Dick) France's commentary to the pastoral and scholarly community, who should find it a truly exceptional - and helpful - volume." So says Gordon Fee in his preface to this work. France's masterful commentary on Matthew focuses on exegesis of Matthew's text as it stands rather than on the prehistory of the material or details of Synoptic comparison. It is concerned throughout with what Matthew himself meant to convey about Jesus and how he set about doing so within the cultural and historical context of first-century Palestine. Amid the wide array of Matthew commentaries available today, France's world-class stature, his clear focus on Matthew and Jesus, his careful methodology, and his user-friendly style promise to make this volume an enduring standard for years to come.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Eerdmans
• Release date: Jul 11, 2007
• ISBN: 9781467423656

R. T. France

 R. T. France (1938-2012) was Hon. Research Fellow in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Wales, Bangor. His other books include Jesus and the Old Testament, The Evidence for Jesus, and Matthew: Evangelist and Teacher.

Book preview

The Gospel of

MATTHEW

---

R. T. FRANCE

WILLIAM B. EERDMANS PUBLISHING COMPANY

GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN / CAMBRIDGE, U.K.

© 2007 R. T. France

All rights reserved

Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

2140 Oak Industrial Drive N.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49505 /

P.O. Box 163, Cambridge CB3 9PU U.K.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

eISBN 978-1-4674-2365-6

ISBN 978-0-8028-2501-8

www.eerdmans.com

To Curly

my fellow student and inspiration

for more than forty years

gyda chariad

CONTENTS

Editor’s Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

I. The Structure of Matthew

II. Galilee and Jerusalem

III. The Matthean Discourses

IV. Fulfillment—The Formula Quotations

V. Who? Where? When? How? Some Broad Proposals on the Provenance of the Gospel of Matthew

A. Author

B. Provenance and Setting

C. Date

D. Relation to Mark and Luke

TEXT, EXPOSITION, AND NOTES

I. Introducing the Messiah (1:1–4:11)

A. The Book of Origin of the Messiah (1:1–17)

B. A Demonstration That Jesus of Nazareth Is the Messiah: Five Scriptural Proofs (1:18–2:23)

1. Joseph, Son of David, Accepts Jesus as His Son (1:18–25)

2. The King of the Jews Born in the City of David (2:1–12)

3. God’s Son Brought out of Egypt (2:13–15)

4. The King Tries to Thwart God’s Purpose (2:16–18)

5. A Galilean Messiah (2:19–23)

C. The Messiah’s Herald (3:1–12)

D. The Messiah Revealed as the Son of God (3:13–17)

E. The Testing of the Son of God: The Messiah as the True Israel (4:1–11)

II. Galilee: The Messiah Revealed in Word and Deed (4:12–16:20)

A. The Light Dawns in Galilee (4:12–17)

B. The Founding of the Messianic Community (4:18–22)

C. An Overview of the Messiah’s Revelation in Galilee (4:23–25)

D. The Messiah’s Authority Revealed in His Teaching: The Discourse on Discipleship (5:1–7:29)

1. Teaching in the Hills (5:1–2)

2. The Good Life: The Paradoxical Values of the Kingdom of Heaven (5:3–10)

a. The Beatitude Form

b. The Meaning of Makarios

c. The Structure of Matthew’s Beatitudes

d. Matthew’s Beatitudes Compared with Luke 6:20–26

e. The OT Background of Matthew’s Beatitudes

f. The Eschatological Character of the Promises

3. The Distinctiveness of the Disciples (5:11–16)

4. Fulfilling the Law (5:17–48)

a. Fulfilling the Law: General Principles (5:17–20)

b. Fulfilling the Law: Six Examples (5:21–47)

(1) Murder (5:21–26)

(2) Adultery (5:27–30)

(3) Divorce (5:31–32)

(4) Swearing (5:33–37)

(5) Retribution (5:38–42)

(6) Love (5:43–47)

c. Fulfilling the Law: Summary (5:48)

5. Piety: True and False Three Contrasts (6:1–18)

a. The General Principle: Avoiding Ostentation in Religion (6:1)

b. Secret Almsgiving (6:2–4)

c. Secret Prayer (6:5–6)

d. Further Teaching on Prayer (6:6–8)

e. The Pattern Prayer (6:9–13)

f. Comment on the Lord’s Prayer (6:14–15)

g. Secret Fasting (6:16–18)

6. Treasure in Heaven (6:19–24)

7. Trusting Your Heavenly Father (6:25–34)

8. Criticism (7:1–6)

9. Expect Good Things from God (7:7–11)

10. Fulfilling the Law and the Prophets (7:12)

11. Responding to Jesus’ Words: Four Warnings (7:13–27)

a. Scene 1: The Broad and Narrow Roads (7:13–14)

b. Scene 2: False Prophets: Good and Bad Fruit (7:15–20)

c. Scene 3: Insiders and Outsiders: Things May Not Be as They Seem (7:21–23)

d. Scene 4: Two House Builders Hearing and Doing (7:24–27)

12. The Authority of the Teachers Recognized (7:28–29)

E. The Messiah’s Authority Revealed in His Action: An Anthology of Works of Power (8:1–9:34)

1. Three Miracles of Healing and Restoration (8:1–17)

a. The Leper (8:1–4)

b. The Centurion’s Servant (8:5–13)

c. Peter’s Mother-in-Law (8:14–15)

d. Conclusion of the First Group of Miracles (8:16–17)

2. Following Jesus: Two Contrasting Case Studies (8:18–22)

3. Three Further Demonstrations of Authority (8:23–9:8)

a. The Storm on the Lake (8:23–27)

b. The Gadarene Demoniacs (8:28–34)

c. The Paralyzed Man (9:1–8)

4. Following Jesus: Tax Collectors and Sinners (8:9–17)

5. Three Further Stories of Deliverance (9:18–34)

a. Two Women Restored (9:18–26)

b. Two Blind Men Healed (9:27–30)

c. Conflicting Responses to an Exorcism (9:32–34)

F. The Messiah’s Authority Shared with His Disciples: The Discourse on Mission (9:35–11:1)

1. The Context of Mission (9:35–38)

2. The Mission of the Twelve (10:1–4)

3. Instructions for the Mission (10:5–15)

4. The Expectation of Persecution (10:16–23)

5. How to Respond to Persecution (10:24–33)

6. The Radical Effects of Jesus’ Mission (10:34–39)

7. Supporters (10:42–44)

8. Jesus Resumes His Mission (11:1)

G. Varying Responses to the Messiah (11:2–30)

1. John the Baptist (11:2–19)

a. John’s Estimate of Jesus (11:2–6)

b. Jesus’ Estimate of John (11:7–15)

c. The People’s Estimate of Both John and Jesus (11:16–19)

2. Unresponsive Towns in Galilee (11:20–24)

3. Revelation to the Little Ones (11:25–30)

H. Jesus’ Authority Challenged (12:1–45)

1. Conflicts over Keeping the Sabbath (12:1–14)

2. Jesus Withdraws from Confrontation (12:15–21)

3. The Accusation of Using Demonic Power (12:22–37)

4. The Demand for a Sign (12:38–45)

I. Jesus’ True Family (12:46–50)

J. The Kingdom of Heaven—Proclamation and Response: The Parable Discourse (13:1–53)

1. Fishing by the Lake (13:1–3a)

2. Introductory Parable: The Sower (13:3b-8)

3. About Teaching in Parables (13:10–17)

4. Explanation of the Parable of the Sower (13:18–23)

5. Three Further Parables of Growth (13:24–33)

a. The Parable of the Weeds (13:24–30)

b. The Parable of the Mustard Seed and of the Leaven (13:31–33)

6. About Teaching in Parables (13:34–35)

7. Explanation of the Parable of the Weeds (13:36–43)

8. Three Further Short Parables (13:44–50)

a. The Parables of the Treasure and of the Pearl (13:44–46)

b. The Parable of the Net and Its Explanation (13:47–50)

9. Concluding Parable: The Householder (13:51–52)

10. Moving On (13:53)

K. Further Hostile Responses (13:54–14:12)

1. Nazareth (13:54–58)

2. Herod Antipas (14:1–12)

L. Miracles around the Lake (14:13–36)

1. Feeding the Crowd (14:13–21)

2. Walking on the Water (14:22–33)

3. Many Healings (14:33–36)

M. A Further Challenge: The Question of Purity (15:1–20)

N. The Messiah’s Mission Extended beyond Israel (15:21–39)

1. The Faith of a Canaanite Woman (15:21–28)

2. Many Healings (15:29–31)

3. Feeding the Crowd (15:32–39)

O. The End of the Galilean Mission (16:1–12)

1. Jesus Dismisses His Critics (16:1–4)

2. The Disciples Begin to Understand (16:5–12)

P. The Messiah Recognized by His Disciples (16:13–20)

III. From Galilee to Jerusalem: the Messiah and His Followers Prepare for the Confrontation (16:21–20:34)

A. A Glimpse into the Future: Messianic Suffering and Glory (16:21–17:13)

1. Messianic Suffering Asserted and Challenged (16:21–23)

2. The Disciples’ Loyalty and its Consequences (16:24–28)

3. Glory Revealed on the Mountain (17:1–8)

4. Glory and Suffering: Elijah, John, and Jesus (17:9–13)

B. Back to the Present: Frustration and Accommodation (17:14–27)

1. The Disciples’ Failure in Exorcism (17:14–20)

2. Second Prediction of the Passion (17:22–23)

3. Paying the Temple Tax (17:24–27)

C. Living Together as Disciples: The Discourse on Relationships (18:1–19:2)

1. The Disciples’ Question about Status (18:1)

2. The Example of the Child (18:2–5)

3. Care for the Little Ones: The Danger of Stumbling Blocks (18:6–9)

4. Care for the Little Ones: The Parable of the Sheep (18:10–14)

5. Dealing with a Brother’s Sin (18:15–17)

6. The Authority of the Disciple Community (18:18–30)

7. Peter’s Question about Forgiveness (18:21)

8. Unlimited Forgiveness: The Parable of the Debtors (18:22–35)

9. Moving On to Jerusalem (19:1–2)

D. The Revolutionary Values of the Kingdom of Heaven: Reeducation for the Disciples (19:3–20:28)

1. Marriage, Divorce, and Celibacy (19:3–12)

2. Children (19:13–15)

3. Wealth (19:16–26)

4. Rewards (19:27–30)

5. The Parable of Unequal Wages for Equal Work (20:1–16)

6. Third Prediction of the Passion (20:17–19)

7. Status in the Kingdom of Heaven: James and John (20:28)

E. Sight Restored (20:29–34)

IV. Jerusalem: The Messiah in Confrontation with the Religious Authorities (21:1–25:46)

A. The Confrontation Begins: Three Symbolic Actions (21:1–27)

1. The King Comes to Jerusalem (21:1–11)

2. The Messiah Asserts His Authority in the Temple Court (21:12–17)

3. A Fruitless Tree Destroyed (21:18–22)

4. Jesus’ Authority Is Challenged (21:23–27)

B. Three Polemical Parables (21:28–22:14)

1. The Two Sons (21:28–32)

2. The Vineyard (21:33–44)

3. Reaction to Jesus’ Parables (21:45–46)

4. The Wedding Feast (22:1–14)

C. Three Challenges and a Counter-Challenge (22:15–46)

1. The Question about the Poll Tax (22:15–22)

2. The Question about Resurrection and Marriage (22:23–33)

3. The Question about the Greatest Commandment (22:34–40)

4. Jesus’ Question about the Messiah (22:41–46)

D. Jesus’ Verdict on Jerusalem and Its Leadership (23:1–24:2)

1. Warning against the Scribes and Pharisees (23:1–12)

2. Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees (23:13–36)

3. Judgment on Jerusalem (23:37–39)

4. Jesus Leaves the Temple and Predicts Its Destruction (24:1–2)

E. The End of the Old Order and the Reign of the Son of Man: The Discourse on the Future (24:3–25:46)

1. The Disciples’ Double Question (24:3)

2. Jesus Answers the Question about the Destruction of the Temple (24:4–35)

a. The End Is Not Yet (24:4–8)

b. Standing Firm in Difficult Times (24:9–14)

c. The Beginning of the End for Jerusalem (24:15–28)

d. The End of the Temple and the Triumph of the Son of Man (24:29–31)

e. Summary of the Answer to the Disciples’ First Question (24:32–35)

3. Jesus Answers the Question about the parousia and the End of the Age (24:36–25:46)

a. The Unknown Time of the parousia (24:36–44)

b. The Parable of the Slave Left in Charge (24:45–51)

c. The Parable of the Girls Waiting for the Bridegroom (25:1–13)

d. The Parable of the Slaves Entrusted with a Lot of Money (25:14–30)

e. The Final Judgment by the Son of Man (25:31–46)

V. Jerusalem: The Messiah Rejected, Killed, and Vindicated (26:1–28:15)

A. Setting the Scene (26:1–16)

1. The Passover (26:1–2)

2. The Priests’ Plot to Kill Jesus (26:3–5)

3. A Woman Anoints Jesus (26:6–13)

4. Judas Offers to Help the Priests (26:14–16)

B. Jesus’ Last Hours with the Disciples (26:17–46)

1. Preparing the Passover Meal (26:17–19)

2. Jesus’ Last Meal with His Disciples (26:20–30)

3. Jesus Predicts the Disciples’ Failure (26:31–35)

4. Jesus Prays in Gethsemane While the Disciples Sleep (26:36–46)

C. The Arrest and Trials of Jesus (26:47–27:26)

1. The Arrest of Jesus (26:47–56)

2. The Hearing before the Sanhedrin (26:57–68)

3. Peter’s Failure (26:69–75)

4. Jesus Brought to the Roman Prefect for Trial (27:1–2)

5. The Remorse and Suicide of Judas (27:3–10)

6. The Roman Trial (27:11–26)

D. The Death and Burial of Jesus (27:27–66)

1. Jesus Mocked by the Roman Soldiers (27:27–31)

2. The Crucifixion (27:32–38)

3. Jesus Mocked by Fellow Jews (27:39–44)

4. The Death of Jesus (27:45–54)

5. Women Who Witnessed Jesus’ Death and Burial (27:55–56)

6. The Burial of Jesus (27:57–61)

7. The Guard at the Tomb (27:62–66)

E. The Empty Tomb and the Risen Jesus (28:1–10)

F. Last Glimpse of Jerusalem: The Priests Cover Up (28:11–15)

VI. Galilee: The Messianic Mission is Launched (28:16–20)

NOTES

INDEXES

I. Modern Authors

II. Subjects

III. Biblical and Other Ancient References

EDITOR’S PREFACE

It is a special threefold pleasure to introduce R. T. (Dick) France’s commentary on Matthew to the pastoral and scholarly community, who should find it a truly exceptional—and helpful—volume. As the first matter, and as promised in my preface to Phil Towner’s Pastoral Epistles commentary a couple of years ago, this is the first of the final two volumes that will complete the original NIC series (we await now only 2 Peter and Jude). But more importantly, second, this volume makes a very significant contribution to Matthean studies by a scholar who has devoted much of his academic life to the Synoptic Gospels, and especially to the Gospel of Matthew. Thus we have here the mature reflections on the Gospel by one who made such study a significant part of his academic life.

The third reason for delight is a personal one. Although Dr. Francis and I had known one another for some years, we were brought together in a special way in 1990 as members of the Committee on Bible Translation (CBT), the committee responsible for the New International Version (NIV) of the Scriptures. The committee was being convened to do a thorough review of the NIV, and some new faces were around the table, including mine and Dick’s—he as a member of the British committee. So for sixteen years we have worked closely with the biblical text on a committee that has met annually and finally produced Today’s New International Version (TNIV). So it was in a kind of moment of desperation, after having an NIC Matthew commentary contract returned to me by a second (very capable) younger scholar, that I one day turned personally to Dick, who was about to enter retirement, and asked him if he would like to write this commentary. Much to my surprise, but great joy, he accepted. And now four years later the entire church and academy are the beneficiaries.

Dr. France hardly needs an introduction to those who are familiar with Matthean studies, which he has been able to pursue in a fruitful way over many years, even though he and Curly have had fully busy lives in ministry as well: as missionaries in Nigeria; as principal of Wycliffe Hall, Oxford; and as a parish pastor in a rural Anglican Church in England. They are now enjoying retirement in North Wales; and the church and the academy are the beneficiaries of that retirement.

Here is a commentary that was a sheer delight to read (my editorial input was especially minimal!). Dr. France never lets us lose sight of Matthew and what Matthew was about in presenting his story of Jesus, while at the same time, of course, one learns a great deal about Jesus himself. I am therefore pleased to commend this volume to the church and the academy for their learning and listening to what the Spirit would say to the churches of the twenty-first century.

GORDON D. FEE

AUTHOR’S PREFACE

This is designed to be an exegetical commentary. Its primary aim is to provide information and comment which will help the reader of the Gospel of Matthew to understand and appreciate that text. If in the process I can share something of my own deep appreciation of the insight and skill of its author, as well as of the importance and fascination of its subject-matter, I shall be pleased.

It has been one of my major concerns to locate the individual parts of the gospel within the overall narrative flow of the whole—to look at the wood before focusing in on the trees. In the Introduction (pp. 2–5) I have set out my understanding of the structure of the gospel, which has determined the sections into which I have divided it for the purpose of commenting on it. Each section, large and small, is discussed as a whole before turning to the individual pericopae (a convenient scholarly term for units or paragraphs perceived in the text) into which I have subdivided it. It should be emphasized that these subdivisions, and indeed the overall structure which I have discerned in the narrative, represent my own reading of the text, and do not claim to follow a pattern disclosed by the author. I am too well aware of the differences of opinion on even the most basic structural issues to assume that any such author’s design is there to be read off from the surface of the text. Quite often I shall draw attention to competing views of the appropriate way of subdividing the text and explain my own decision. But it remains just that, my decision, representing only how one sympathetic reader has responded to the dynamic of the text.

Each of the pericopae into which I have divided the text is also discussed as a whole before any attempt is made to comment on the individual verses or groups of verses within it. This will often mean that the most fundamental issues for the meaning of the text will not emerge in my comments on a specific verse, as the long tradition of verse-by-verse commentary has conditioned many of us to expect. I have therefore dared to presume that the reader, even if seeking guidance on a particular phrase or sentence, will be prepared to read the comments on the pericope as a whole.

This last point applies also to the English translation of the text which I have given at the beginning of each pericope. The translations are my own, and the footnotes to them often explain my renderings of specific words and phrases which will then be presupposed in the commentary. The translations are designed to provide the basis for the commentary, rather than for use on their own. They attempt to use contemporary idiom, and where necessary give priority to clarity over literary elegance. The notes to these translations also draw attention to some textual variations which are likely to be of exegetical interest; for this purpose I have generally been guided by the selection of variants made by the editors of The Greek New Testament (4th edn., Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft / United Bible Societies, 1998), though I have not always agreed with their textual judgment.

Some readers may be interested to know how I have set about writing a commentary on a gospel on which I have already published a shorter commentary twenty years earlier (The Gospel according to Matthew: An Introduction and Commentary. Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press / Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1985). This is not a revision or expansion of that commentary, but a new work. I have made it my practice to write the first draft of the present commentary on each pericope before looking again at what I wrote twenty years ago (and indeed before looking at any other commentaries as well). I hope thus to ensure that priority is given to what I now understand to be the significant issues. The agenda is set by my interaction with the text rather than by my response to someone else’s view of it, even my own twenty years ago. Often I have found that I agreed substantially with what I wrote earlier, though now expressing myself in a different way in the light both of my own development and of my awareness of more recent discussion. But sometimes I found that I had changed my mind (indeed sometimes I was quite surprrised to see what I had said before!); where the change seems significant I have drawn attention to it. As for other commentaries and exegetical discussions, I have tried to take those available to me into account, largely in the footnotes, but my intention has always been to make this a commentary on Matthew, not a commentary on other commentaries. It makes no pretense to interacting with all the vast range of current scholarship on this fascinating gospel.

It is a particular regret that the long-awaited commentary on Matthew by my friend John Nolland (New International Greek Testament Commentary, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005) did not appear in time for me to take it into account: my commentary was finished late in 2005, just before John’s was published.

R. T. FRANCE

ABBREVIATIONS

I. General Publications

AB Anchor Bible

ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary

AnBib Analecta Biblica

ASTI Annual of the Swedish Theological Institute

AUSS Andrews University Seminary Studies

BBR Bulletin for Biblical Research

BDAG W. Bauer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and other Early Christian Literature, revised and edited by F. W. Danker. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000

BDF F. Blass & A. Debrunner, A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and other Early Christian Literature, revised by R. W. Funk. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961

BETL Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovanensium

Bib Biblica

Bib. Arch. Biblical Archaeologist

BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands Library

BK Bibel und Kirche

BT The Bible Translator

BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin

BZ Biblische Zeitschrift

BZNW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft

CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly

CBQM Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monographs

CNT Commentaire du Nouveau Testament

EKKNT Evangelisch-katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament

EQ Evangelical Quarterly

ET English translation

E. V. Rieu E. V. Rieu, The Four Gospels: A New Translation from the Greek. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1952

EVV English versions

ExpT Expository Times

FRLANT Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments

FS Festschrift for

GNB Good News Bible

GP R. T. France, D. Wenham, C. L. Blomberg (ed.), Gospel Perspectives, vols 1–6. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1980–1986

Hennecke E. Hennecke, New Testament Apocrypha, ed. W. Schneemelcher. ET, 2 vols., London: SCM Press, 1963, 1965

HeyJ Heythrop Journal

HTKNT Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament

HTR Harvard Theological Review

HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual

ICC International Critical Commentary

IEJ Israel Exploration Journal

ISBE International Standard Bible Encylopedia

JB Jerusalem Bible

JBL Journal of Biblical Literature

JETS Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society

JJS Journal of Jewish Studies

JQR Jewish Quarterly Review

JSNT Journal for the Study of the New Testament

JSNTS Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplements

JTS Journal of Theological Studies

KJV King James Version

LSJ H. G. Liddell & R. Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, revised by H. S. Jones. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996

LXX Septuagint

MM J. H. Moulton & G. Milligan, The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament Illustrated from the Papyri and other Non-Literary Sources. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1930

MS (S) Manuscript(s)

MT Masoretic Text

NAC New American Commentary

NCB New Century Bible

NEB New English Bible

Neot Neotestamentica

NICNT New International Commentary on the New Testament

NIDNTT New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology

NIGTC New International Greek Testament Commentary

NIV New International Version

NJB New Jerusalem Bible

NovT Novum Testamentum

NRSV New Revised Standard Version

NTD Das Neue Testament Deutsch

NTS New Testament Studies

OED Oxford English Dictionary

OL Old Latin

RB Revue Biblique

REB Revised English Bible

RevExp Review and Expositor

RSV Revised Standard Version

SBLDS Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series

SBLM Society of Biblical Literature Monographs

SBLSP Society of Biblical Literature Seminar Papers

SBT Studies in Biblical Theology

Schürer E. Schürer, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C.–A.D. 135); revd. English edn. by G. Vermes, F. Millar, M. Black. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1973–1987

SE Studia Evangelica

SJLA Studies in Judaism in Late Antiquity

SJT Scottish Journal of Theology

SNT Supplements to Novum Testamentum

SNTSM Society for New Testament Studies Monographs

ST Studia Theologica

Str-B H. L. Strack & P. Billerbeck, Kommentar zum Neuen Testament aus Talmud und Midrasch. Vols. 1–4, München: Beck, 1922–1928; vols. 5–6 (by J. Jeremias & K. Adolph), München: Beck, 1956, 1961.

TDNT Theological Dictionary of the New Testament

Thdt Theodotion

THKNT Theologischer Handkommentar zum Neuen Testament

TNIV Today’s New International Version

TNTC Tyndale New Testament Commentary

TS Theological Studies

TynBul Tyndale Bulletin

TZ Theologische Zeitschrift

WBC Word Biblical Commentary

WTJ Westminster Theological Journal

WUNT Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft

ZNW Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft

II. Old Testament Apocrypha

1 Esdr 1 Esdras

Jdt Judith

2 Macc 2 Maccabees

4 Macc 4 Maccabees

Sir Wisdom of Sirach

Tob Tobit

Wis Wisdom of Solomon

III. Old Testament Pseudepigrapha

Apoc. Abr. Apocalypse of Abraham

2 Bar. Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch

3 Bar. Greek Apocalypse of Baruch

1 En. Ethiopic Enoch

2 En. Slavonic Enoch

Jub. Letter of Jubilees

Let. Aris. Letter of Aristeas

Liv. Pro. Lives of the Prophets

Odes Ps. Odes of Solomon

Bib. Ant. Biblical Antiquities (Pseudo-Philo)

Pss. Sol. Psalms of Solomon

Sib. Or. Sibylline Oracles

T. Adam Testament of Adam

T. Benj. Testament of Benjamin

T. Dan Testament of Dan

T. Iss. Testament of Issachar

T. Jac. Testament of Jacob

T. Job Testament of Job

T. Jos. Testament of Joseph

T. Jud. Testament of Judah

T. Levi Testament of Levi

T. Mos. Testament of Moses

T. Naph. Testament of Naphtali

T. Reu. Testament of Reuben

T. Sol. Testament of Solomon

IV. Early Christian Literature

Barn. Barnabas

Did. Didache

Epiphanius

Pan. Panarion

Eusebius

Hist. eccl. Historia ecclesiastica

Vit. Const. Vita Constantini

Inf. Gos. Thom. Infancy Gospel of Thomas

Gos. Thom. Gospel of Thomas

Gos. Pet. Gospel of Peter

Hermas

Mand. Mandates

Sim. Similitudes

Vis. Visions

Ignatius

Eph. Letter to the Ephesians

Irenaeus

Haer. Adversus haereses

Jerome

Comm. Matt. In Mattheum Commentarius

Pelag. Adversus Pelagianos dialogi III

Justin

1Apol. First Apology

Dial. Dialogue with Trypho

Origen

Cels. Contra Celsum

Prot. Jas. Protevangelium of James

Sextus

Sent. Sententiae

Tertullian

Marc. Adversus Marcionem

V. Classical and Hellenistic Literature

Dio Chrysostom

Orat. Orationes

Epictetus

Disc. Discourses

Herodotus

Hist. History

Isocrates

Nic. Nicocles

Josephus

Ant. Antiquities of the Jews

C. Ap. Contra Apion

Life Life of Flavius Josephus

War Jewish War

Juvenal

Sat. Satirae

Lucian

Philops. Philopseudes

Tox. Toxaris

Philo

Abr. De Abrahamo

Decal. De Decalogo

Flacc. In Flaccum

Legat. Legatio ad Gaium

Spec. leg. De specialibus legibus

Philostratus

Vit. Apoll. Vita Apollonii

Plato

Rep. De republica

Pliny

Ep. Epistulae

Hist. nat. Historia naturalis

Plutarch

Apoph. Lac. Apophthegmata Laconica

Seneca

Ben. De beneficiis

Ep. mor. Epistulae morales

Sophocles

Oed Tyr. Oedipus Tyrannus

Tacitus

Ann. Annales

Hist. Historia

Virgil

Aen. Aeneid

VI. Qumran Literature

CD Damascus Document

1QapGen Genesis Apocryphon

1QH Thanksgiving Hymns

1QIsaa First Isaiah Scroll from Cave 1

1QM War Scroll

1QS Rule of the Community

1QSa Rule of the Congregation

1QSb Rule of Benediction

1Q27 Mysteries

4Q174 Florilegium

4QMMT Miqṣat Ma"as’eh Torah

4Q245 Pseudo-Daniel

4Q521 Messianic Apocalypse

4Q525 Beatitudes

11QTemple Temple Scroll

VII. Mishnaic and Related Literature

ʾAbot ʾAbot

ʿArak. ʿArakin

B. Bat. Baba Batra

Bek. Bekorot

Ber. Berakot

B. Meṣ Baba Meṣʿia

B. Qam. Baba Qamma

Dem. Demai

ʿEd. ʿEduyyot

ʿErub. ʿErubin

Giṭ. Giṭṭin

Ḥag. Ḥagigah

Ker. Keritot

Ketub. Ketubbot

Kil. Kilayim

Maʿaś. Maʿaśerot

Maʿaś. Š Maʿaśer Šeni

Mak. Makkot

Meg. Megillah

Menaḥ. Menaḥot

Mid. middot

Ned. Nedarim

ʾOhal. ʾOhalot

Pesaḥ. Pesaḥim

Qidd. Qiddushin

Sanh. Sanhedrin

Šabb. Šabbat

Šebu. Šebuʿot

Šeqal. Šeqalim

Soṭah Soṭah

Suk. Sukkah

Taʿan. Taʿanit

Ṭehar. Ṭeharot

Ter. Terumot

ʿUq. ʿUqṣin

Yad. Yadayim

Yebam. Yebamot

Yoma Yoma

Zabim Zabim

Zebaḥ. Zebaḥim

VIII. Other Rabbinic Literature

Cant. Rab. Canticles Rabbah

Der. Er. Rab. Derek Eres Rabbah

Mek. Mekilta

Pesiq. Rab Kah. Pesiqta Rab Kahana

Rab. Rabbah

Sipre Deut. Sipre Deuteronomy

Sop. Soperim

IX. Targumic Literature

Tg. Cant. Targum of Canticles

Tg. Ps.-J. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS CITED IN THIS VOLUME

Commentaries On Matthew

These commentaries will be referred to by author name only. Because of the large number of references to some of them, references to these commentaries are not listed in the author index.

W. F. Albright & C. S. Mann, Matthew: Introduction, Translation and Notes (AB 26). New York: Doubleday. 1971.

W. C. Allen, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Gospel according to S. Matthew (ICC). Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 3rd edn., 1912.

F. W. Beare, The Gospel according to Matthew: A Commentary. Oxford: Blackwell, 1981.

C. L. Blomberg, Matthew (NAC 22). Nashville: Broadman Press, 1992.

P. Bannard. L’Évangile selon Saint Matthieu (CNT 1). 2nd edn., Neuctlâtel: Delachaux & Niestlé, 1970.

D. A. Carson, Matthew, in F. E. Gaebelein (ed.) The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, vol. 8 (Matthew, Mark, Luke). Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.

W. Carter, Matthew and the Margins: A Socia-political and Religious Reading (JSNTS 204). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000.

W. O. Davies & D. C. Allison, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Gospel according to Saint Matthew (ICC). 3 vols. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1988, 1991, 1997.

R. T. France, The Gospel according to Matthew: An Introduction and Commentary (TNTC 1). Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1985.

D. E. Garland, Reading Matthew: A Literary and Theological Commentary on the First Gospel. New York: Crossroad, 1993.

W. Grundmann, Das Evangelium nach Matthäus (THKNT). Berlin: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, 1968.

R. H. Gundry, Matthew: A Commentary on his Literary and Theological Art. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982. (Second edn. entitled Matthew: A Commentary on his Handbook for a Mixed Church under Persecution. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 1994 [pagination unchanged, but additional preface and end-notes].)

D. A. Hagner, Matthew (WBC 33A & 33B). 2 vols. Dallas: Word, 1993.

D. Hill, The Gospel of Matthew (NCB). London: Marshall, Morgan & Scott, 1972. C. S. Keener. A Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999.

U. Luz, Das Evangelium nach Matthäus (EKKNT 1). 4 vols. Zürich: Benzinger Verlag, 1985ff. English versions (to which reference is made here) are as follows: Matthew 1–7: A Commentary. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1989; Matthew 8–20: A Commentary (Hermeneia). Minneapolis: Fortress, 2001.

A. H. McNeile, The Gospel according to Matthew: The Greek Text with Introduction, Notes and Indices. London: Macmillan, 1915.

L. Morris, The Gospel according to Matthew (Pillar NT Comm.). Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1992.

E. Schweizer, The Good News according to Matthew. ET, London: SPCK, 1976 (German original: Das Evangelium nach Matthäus [NTD 2]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973).

R. V. G. Tasker, The Gospel according to St Matthew: An Introduction and Comentary (TNTC). London: Tyndale, 1961.

M. J. Wilkins, Matthew (NIV Application Commentary). Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004.

Books

K. & B. Aland, The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modem Textual Criticism. ET, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987.

L. C. Allen, Psalms 101–150 (Word Biblical Commentary). Waco: Word, 1983.

D. C. Allison, The End of the Ages Has Come: An Early Interpretation of the Passion and Resurrection of Jesus. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1987.

————, The New Moses: A Matthean Typology. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1993.

A. M. Ambrozic, The Hidden Kingdom: A Redaction-critical Study of the References to the Kingdom of God in Mark’s Gospel. Washington: Catholic Biblical Association, 1972.

D. E. Aune, Prophecy in Early Christianity and the Ancient Mediterranean World Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983.

R. D. Aus, Water into Wine and the Beheading of John the Baptist: Early Jewish-Christian Interpretation of Esther 1 in John 2:1–11 and Mark 6:17–29. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1988.

M. Avi-Yonah (ed.), Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976.

B. W. Bacon, Studies in Matthew. London: Constable, 1930.

K. E. Bailey, Poet and Peasant Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976.

————, Through Peasant Eyes. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980.

E. Bammel (ed.), The Trial of Jesus: Cambridge Studies in honour of C. F. D. Moule (SBT 13), London: SCM Press, 1970.

E. Bammel & C. F. D. Moule (ed.), Jesus and the Politics of his Day. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.

R. J. Banks, Jesus and the Law in the Synoptic Tradition (SNTSM 28). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975.

G. Barth see G. Bornkamm

M. Barth, Ephesians 1–3 (Anchor Bible 34). New York: Doubleday, 1974.

S. C. Barton, Discipleship and Family Ties in Mark and Matthew (SNTSM 80). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

R. J. Bauckham, Jude and the Relatives of Jesus in the Early Church. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1990.

D. R. Bauer, The Structure of Matthew’s Gospel: A Study in Literary Design (JSNTS 31). Sheffield: Almond Press, 1988.

D. R. Bauer & M. A. Powell (ed.), Treasures New and Old: Recent Contributions to Matthean Studies. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1996.

G. R. Beasley-Murray, Jesus and the Kingdom of God Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986.

————, Jesus and the Last Days. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993 (a revised and updated contlation of his earlier works Jesus and the Future [London: Macmillan, 1954) and A Commentary on Mark 13 [London: Macmillan, 1962]).

R. Beaton, Isaiah’s Christ in Matthew’s Gospel (SNTSM 123). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

M. A. Beavis, Mark’s Audience: The Literary and Social Setting of Mark 4.11–12 (JSNTS 33). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989.

F. Belo, A Materialist Reading of the Gospel of Mark. ET, Maryknoll: Orbis, 1981.

K. Berger, Die Amen-Worte Jesu (BZNW 39). Berlin: de Gruyter, 1970.

J. H Bernard, The Gospel according to St John (ICC). 2 vols, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1928.

H. D. Betz, Essays on the Sermon on the Mount Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985.

————, The Sermon on the Mount: A Commentary on the Sermon on the Mount, including the Sermon on the Plain (Matthew 5:3–7:27 and Luke 6:20–49) (Hermeneia Commentary). Minneapolis: Augsburg/Fortress, 1995.

J. Blinzler, The Trial of Jesus: The Jewish and Roman Proceedings against Jesus Christ Described and Assessed from the Oldest Accounts. ET, Cork: Mercier Press, 1959.

C. L. Blomberg, Contagious Holiness: Jesus’ Meals with Sinners. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2005.

————, Interpreting the Parables. Downers Grove: Inter-Varsity Press, 1990.

D. L. Bock, Blasphemy and Exaltation in Judaism and the Final Examination of Jesus: A Philological-Historical Study of the Key Jewish Themes impacting Mark 14:61–64 (WUNT 106). Tübingen: Mohn Siebeck, 1998.

E. L. Bode, The First Easter Morning: The Gospel Accounts of the Women’s Visit to the Tomb of Jesus (AnBib 45). Rome: Biblical institute Press, 1970.

P. G. Bolt, Jesus’ Defeat of Death: Persuading Mark’s Early Readers (SNTSM 125). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

H. K. Bond, Pontius Pilate in History and Interpretation (SNTSM 100). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

R. P. Booth, Jesus and the Laws of Purity: Tradition History and Legal History in Mark 7 (JSNTS 13). Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1986.

G. Bornkamm, G. Barth & H. J. Held, Tradition and Interpretation in Matthew. ET, London: SCM Press, 1963.

J. W. Bowker, The Targums and Rabbinic Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.

S. G. F. Brandon, Jesus and the Zealots. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1967. S. H. Brooks, Matthew’s Community: The Evidence of his Special Sayings Material (JSNTS 16). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1987.

R. Brow, Go Make Learners: A New Model for Discipleship in the Church. Wheaton: Harold Shaw, 1981.

R. E. Brown, The Birth of the Messiah: A Commentary on the Infancy Narratives in Matthew and Luke. Revised edn., New York: Doubleday, 1993.

————, The Death of the Messiah: From Gethsemane to the Grave. A Commentary on the Passion Narratives in the Four Gospels. New York: Doubleday, 1994.

————, New Testament Essays. London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1965.

————, The Virginal Conception and Bodily Resurrection of Jesus. New York: Paulist, 1973.

F. F. Bruce, Jesus and Christian Origins outside the New Testament London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1974.

————, New Testament History. 3rd edn., London: Oliphants, 1980.

————, This is That: The New Testament Development of some Old Testament Themes. Exeter: Paternoster, 1968.

C. Bryan, A Preface to Mark: Notes on the Gospel in its Literary and Cultural Settings. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

R. Bultnann, The History of the Synoptic Tradition. ET, Oxford: Blackwell, 1963.

S. Byrskog, Jesus the Only Teacher: Didactic Authority and Transmission in Ancient Israel, Ancient Judaism and the Matthean Community. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1994.

G. B. Caird, The Language and Imagery of the Bible. London: Duckworth, 1980.

P. S. Cameron, Violence and the Kingdom: The Interpretation of Matthew 11:12. Frankfurt: P. Lang, 1984.

G. S. Cansdale, Animals of Bible Lands. Exeter: Paternoster, 1970.

C. C. Caragounis, Peter and the Rock (BZNW 58). Berlin: de Gruyter, 1990.

W. Carter, Households and Discipleship: A Study of Matthew 19–20 (JSNTS 103). Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1994.

M. Casey, Aaramaic Sources of Mark’s Gospel (SNTSM 102). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

————, Son of Man: The Interpretation and Influence of Daniel 7. London: SPCK, 1979.

D. R. Catchpole, The Trial of Jesus: A Study in the Gospels and Jewish Historiography from 1770 to the Present Day (Studia Post-Biblica 22). Leiden: Brill, 1971.

H. C. C. Cavallin, Life after Death: Part 1, An Enquiry into the Jewish Background Lund: Gleerup, 1974.

B. Charette, The Theme of Recompense in Matthew’s Gospel (JSNTS 79). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1992.

B. D. Chilton, A Galilean Rabbi and His Bible: Jesus’ own Interpretation of Isaiah London: SPCK, 1984.

————, God in Strength: Jesus’ Announcement of the Kingdom. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1987.

W. K. L. Clarke, Divine Humanity. London: SPCK, 1936.

O. L. Cope, Matthew, a Scribe Trained for the Kingdom of Heaven (CBQM 5). Washington: Catholic Biblical Association, 1976.

W. L. Craig, Assessing the New Testament Evidence for the Historicity of the Resurrection of Jesus. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 1989.

C. E. B. Cranfield, The Gospel according to Saint Marie An Introduction and Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1959.

G. Dalman, Arbeite und Sitte in Palästina VI. Gütersloh: Bertelmann, 1939.

D. Daube, The New Testament and Rabbinic Judaism. London: Athlone Press, 1956.

W. D. Davies, Christian Origins and Judaism. London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1962.

————, The Gospel and the Land. Berkeley: University of California, 1974.

————, The Setting of the Sermon on the Mount. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.

J. D. M. Derrett, Jesus’ Audience. London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1973.

————, Law in the New Testament London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1970.

C. M. Deutsch, Hidden Wisdom and the Easy Yoke: Wisdom, Torah and Discipleship in Matthew 11:25–30 (JSNTS 18). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1987.

————, Lady Wisdom, Jesus and the Sages: Metaphor and Social Context in Matthew’s Gospel. Valley Forge: Trinity Press International, 1996.

M. Didier (ed.), L’Évangile selon Matthieu: rédaction et théologie (BETL 29). Gembloux: Duculot, 1972.

A. Dihle, Die goldene Regel. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1962.

C. H. Dodd, The Founder of Christianity. New York: Macmillan, 1970.

————, Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.

T. L. Donaldson, Jesus on the Mountain: A Study in Matthean Theology (JSNTS 8). Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1985.

S. E. Dowd, Prayer, Power and the Problem of Suffering: Mark 11:22–25 in the Context of Markan Theology (SBLDS 105). Atlanta, Scholars Press, 1988.

J. D. G. Dunn, Christology in the Making: A New Testament Inquiry into the Origins of the Doctrine of the Incarnation. London: SCM Press, 1980.

————, Jesus and the Spirit: A Study of the Religious and Charismatic Experience of Jesus and the First Christians as Reflected in the New Testament. London: SCM Press, 1975.

————, Jesus, Paul and the Law: Studies in Mark and Galatians. London: SPCK, 1990.

J. K. Elliott, The Apocryphal New Testament: A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993.

C. A. Evans, Ancient Texts for New Testament Studies: A Guide to the Background Literature. Peabody: Hendrickson, 2005.

————, Jesus and His Contemporaries: Comparative Studies. Koln: Brill, 1995.

————, To See and Not Perceive: Isaiah 6:9–10 in Early Jewish and Christian Interpretation (JSOTS 64), Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989.

K. Ferrari d’Occhieppo, Der Stern der Weisen: Geschichte oder Legende? 2nd edn., Wien / München: Herold, 1977.

J. Finegan, The Archeology of the New Testament Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969.

————,Handbook of Biblical Chronology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964.

J. A. Fitzmyer, To Advance the Gospel. New York: Crossroad, 1981.

P. Foster, Community, Law and Mission in Matthew’s Gospel (WUNT 177). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2004.

R. T. France, Divine Government: The Kingship of God in the Gospel of Mark. London: SPCK, 1990.

————, The Evidence for Jesus. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1986.

————, The Gospel of Mark: A Commentary on the Greek Text (NIGTC). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.

————, Jesus and the Old Testament: His Application of Old Testament Passages to Himself and his Mission. London: Tyndale Press, 1971.

————, Matthew: Evangelist and Teacher (Exeter: Paternoster, 1989).

H. Frankemölle, Jahwe-Bund und Kirche Christi: Studien zur Form- und Traditionsgeschichte des ‘Evangelliums’ nach Matthäus. 2nd edn., Münster: Aschendorff, 1974.

S. Freyne, Galilee from Alexander the Great to Hadrian, 323 B.C.E. to 135 C.E.: A Study of Second Temple Judaism. Wilmington: Glazier, 1980.

————, Galilee, Jesus and the Gospels: Literary Approaches and Historical Investigations. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 1988.

D. E. Garland, The Intention of Matthew 23 (SNT 52). Leiden: Brill, 1979.

A. J. P. Garrow, The Gospel of Matthew’s Dependence on the Didache (JSNTS 254). London: T & T Clark International, 2004.

————, Revelation (New Testament Readings). London: Routledge, 1997.

L. Gaston, No Stone on Another: Studies in the Significance of the Fall of Jerusalem in the Synoptic Gospels (SNT 23). Leiden: Brill, 1970.

T. J. Geddert, Watchwords: Mark 13 in Markan Eschatology (JSNTS 26}. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989.

B. Gerhardsson, The Mighty Acts of Jesus according to Matthew. Lund: Gleerup, 1979.

————, The Testing of God’s Son (Matt 4:1–11 & par). Lund: Gleerup, 1966.

J. A. Gibbs, Jerusalem and Parousia: Jesus’ Eschatological Discourse in Matthew’s Gospel. St. Louis: Concordia Academic Press, 2000.

M. D. Goulder, Midrash and Lection in Matthew. London: SPCK, 1974.

S. W. Gray, The Least of My Brothers: Matthew 25.31–46: A History of Interpretation. (SBLDS 114). Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.

R. A. Guelich, The Sermon on the Mount: A Foundation for Understanding. Waco: Word, 1982.

R. H. Gundry, Mark: A Commentary on His Apology for the Cross. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993.

————, Sōma in Biblical Theology: With Emphasis on Pauline Anthropology (SNTSM 29). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

————, The Use of the Old Testament in St Matthew’s Gospel with special reference to the Messianic Hope (SNT 18). Leiden: Brill, 1967.

D. A. A. Hare, The Theme of Jewish Persecution of Christians in the Gospel according to St. Matthew (SNTSM 6). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967.

A. E. Harvey, Jesus and the Constraints of History. London: Duckworth, 1982.

————, Strenuous Commands: The Ethic of Jesus. London: SCM Press, 1990.

V. Hasler, Amen: redaktionsgeschichtliche Untersuchung zur Einführungsformel der Herrenworte Wahrlich ich sage euch. Zürich: Theologischer Verlag, 1969.

D. M. Hay, Glory at the Right Hand: Psalm 110 in Early Christianity (SBLM 18). Nashville: Abingdon, 1973.

J. P. Heil, Jesus Walking on the Sea (An Bib 87). Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1981.

H. J. Held see G. Bornkamm.

B. W. Henaut, Oral Tradition and the Gospels: The Problem of Mark 4 (JSNTS 82). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.

M. Hengel, The Charismatic Leader and His Followers. ET, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1981.

————, Crucifixion in the Ancient World and the Folly of the Message of the Cross. ET, London: SCM Press, 1977.

————, Property and Riches in the Early Church: Aspects of a Social History of Early Christianity. ET, London: SCM Press, 1974.

————, The Son of God: The Origin of Christology and the History of Jewish-Hellenistic Religion. ET, London: SCM Press, 1976.

————, Studies in the Gospel of Mark. ET, London: SCM Press, 1985.

W. A. Heth & G. J. Wenham, Jesus and Divorce: The Problem with the Evangelical Consensus. Nashville: Nelson, 1984.

D. Hill, Greek Words and Hebrew Meanings: Studies in the Semantics of Soteriological Terms (SNTSM 5). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967.

H. W. Hoehner, Herod Antipas (SNTSM 17). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972.

J. W. Holleran, The Synoptic Gethsemane: A Critical Study. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1973.

R. A. Horsley, Archaeology, History and Society in Galilee: The Social Context of Jesus and the Rabbis. Valley Forge: Trinity Press International, 1996.

————, Galilee: History, Politics, People. Valley Forge: Trinity Press International, 1995.

————, The Liberation of Christmas: The Infancy Narratives in Social Context. New York: Continuum, 1993.

M. Hubaut, La parabole des vignerons homicides. Paris: Gabalda, 1976.

B. J. Hubbard, The Matthean Redaction of a Primitive Apostolic Commissioning: An Exegesis of Matthew 28:16–20 (SBLDS 19). Missoula: Scholars Press, 1974.

J. M. Hull, Hellenistic Magic and the Synoptic Tradition (SBT 28). London: SCM Press, 1974.

————, In the Beginning there was Darkness: A Blind Person’s Conversations with the Bible. London: SCM Press, 2001.

D. Instone-Brewer, Divorce and Remarriage in the Bible: The Social and Uterary Context. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.

————, Traditions of the Rabbis from the Era of the New Testament. vol. 1: Prayer and Agriculture. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2004.

J. Jeremias, The Eucharistic Words of Jesus. ET, London: SCM Press, 1966.

————, Heiligengräber in Jesu Umwelt Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1958.

————, Infant Baptism in the First Four Centuries. ET, London: SCM Press, 1960.

————, Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus: An Investigation into Economic and Social Conditions during the New Testament Period. ET, London: SCM Press, 1969.

————, Jesus’ Promise to the Nations. ET, London: SCM Press, 1958.

————, New Testament Theology, vol. 1: The Proclamation of Jesus. ET, London: SCM Press, 1971.

————, The Parables of Jesus. ET, revd. edn., London: SCM Press, 1963.

————, The Prayers of Jesus (SBT 6). ET, London: SCM Press, 1967.

M. D. Johnson, The Purpose of the Biblical Genealogies with special reference to the Setting of the Genealogies of Jesus (SNTSM 8). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.

I. H. Jones, The Matthean Parables: A Literary and Historical Commentary (SNT 80). Leiden: Brill, 1995.

D. Juel, Messiah and Temple: The Trial of Jesus in the Gospel of Mark {SBLDS 31). Missoula: Scholars Press, 1977.

————, Messianic Exegesis: Christological Interpretation of the Old Testament in Early Christianity. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1988.

H. C. Kee, Medicine, Miracle and Magic in New Testament Times (SNTSM 55). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

F. Kermode, The Genesis of Secrecy: On the Interpretation of Narrative. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1979.

G. D. Kilpatrick, The Origins of the Gospel according to Saint Matthew. Oxford: Clarendon, 1946.

J. D. Kingsbury, Matthew: Structure, Christology, Kingdom. London: SPCK, 1975.

B. Kinman, Jesus’ Entry to Jerusalem. Leiden: Brill, 1995.

E. F. Kirschner, The Place of the Exorcism Motif in Mark’s Christology with special reference to Mark 3.22–30. Unpublished PhD dissertation, London: CNAA, 1988.

W. S. Kissinger, The Sermon on the Mount: A History of Interpretation and Bibliography. Metuchen: Scarecrow & ATLA, 1975.

W. Klassen, Judas: Betrayer or Friend of Jesus? London: SCM Press, 1996.

M. Knowles, Jeremiah in Matthew’s Gospel: The Rejected-Prophet Motif in Matthean Redaction (JSNTS 68). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.

R. Kraft, Septuagintal Lexicography. Missoula: SBL, 1972.

D. D. Kupp, Matthew’s Emmanuel: Divine Presence and God’s People in the First Gospel (SNTSM 90). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

S. T. Lachs, A Rabbinic Commentary on the New Testament: The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Hoboken: KTAV, 1987.

W. L. Lane, The Gospel of Mark (NICNT). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974.

L. I. Levine, The Ancient Synagogue. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000.

R. H. Lightfoot, Locality and Doctrine in the Gospels. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1938.

B. Lindars, New Testament Apologetic: The Doctrinal Significance of the Old Testament Quotations. London: SCM Press, 1961.

E. Lohmeyer, Galiläa und Jerusalem. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1936.

R. N. Longenecker (ad.), The Challenge of Jesus’ Parables. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.

P. Luomanen, Entering the Kingdom of Heaven: A Study on the Structure of Matthews View of Salvation (WUNT 101). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1998.

J. Lust, E. Eynikel & K. Hauspie, Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint Revd edn., Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2003.

U. Luz, The Theology of the Gospel of Matthew. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

H. K. McArthur, Understanding the Sermon on the Mount. London: Epworth, 1961.

S. McKnight, A light among the Gentiles: Jewish Missionary Activity in the Second Temple Period. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991.

J. Marcus, The Way of the Lord: Christological Exegesis of the Old Testament in the Gospel of Mark. Edinburgh: T & T Clark. 1992.

I. H. Marshall, The Gospel of Luke: A Commentary on the Greek Text (NIGTC). Exeter: Paternoster, 1978.

————, Last Supper and Lord’s Supper. Exeter: Paternoster, 1980.

E. L. Martin, Secrets of Golgotha. Alhambra, CA: ASK, 1988.

U. Mauser, Christ in the Wilderness (SBT 39). London: SCM, 1963.

J. P. Meier, Law and History in Matthew’s Gospel: A Redactional Study of Mt 5:17–48 (AnBib 71). Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1976.

————, A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus. 3 vols, New York: Doubleday, 1991–2001.

M. J. J. Menken, Matthew’s Bible: The Old Testament Text of the Evangelist (BETL 173). Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2004.

R. E. Menninger, Israel and the Church in the Gospel of Matthew. New York: Peter lang, 1994.

B. M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. London / New York: United Bible Societies, 1971.

B. F. Meyer, The Aims of Jesus. London: SCM Press, 1979.

E. M. Meyers & J. F. Strange, Archaeology, the Rabbis and Early Christianity. London: SCM Press, 1981.

R. Mohrlang, Matthew and Paul: A Comparison of Ethical Perspectives (SNTSM 48), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.

D. J. Moo, The Old Testament in the Gospel Passion Narratives. Sheffield: Almond Press, 1983.

G. F. Moore, Judaism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1927.

L. Morris, Studies in the Fourth Gospel Exeter: Paternoster, 1969.

C. F. D. Maule, Essays in New Testament Interpretation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

————, The Origin of Christology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.

K. G. C. Newport, The Sources and Sitz im Leben of Matthew 23 (JSNTS 117). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995.

J. H. Neyrey, Honor and Shame in the Gospel of Matthew. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1998.

G. W. E. Nickelsburg, Resurrection, Immortality and Eternal Life in Intertestamental Judaism. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1972.

J. Nolland, Luke 1–9:20 (Word Biblical Commentary 35A). Dallas: Word, 1989.

L. Novakovic, Messiah, the Healer of the Sick (WUNT 170). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2003.

G. Ogg, The Chronology of the Public Ministry of Jesus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1940.

D. E. Orton, The Understanding Scribe: Matthew and the Apocalyptic Ideal (JSNTS 25). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989.

J. A. Overman, Matthew’s Gospel and Formative Judaism: The Social World of the Matthean Community. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1990.

E. C. Park, The Mission Discourse in Matthew’s Interpretation (WUNT 81). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1995.

N. Perrin, Jesus and the Language of the Kingdom: Symbol and Metaphor in New Testament Interpretation. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1976.

J. J. Petuchowski & M. Brocke (ed.), The Lord’s Prayer and Jewish Liturgy. New York: Seabury, 1978.

J. Piper, Love Your Enemies: Jesus’ Love Command in the Synoptic Gospels and the Early Christian Paraenesis. A History of the Tradition and Interpretation of its Uses (SNTSM 38). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

B. Przybylski, Righteousness in Matthew and his World of Thought (SNTSM 41). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980.

H. Riesenfeld, Jésus transfigureé. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1947.

J. A. T. Robinson, The Priority of John. London: SCM Press, 1985.

————, Redating the New Testament London: SCM Press, 1976.

W. Rothfuchs, Die Erfüllungszitate des Matthäus-Evangeliums. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1969.

A. J. Saldarini, Matthew’s Christian-Jewish Community. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.

E. P. Sanders, Jesus and Judaism. London: SCM Press, 1985.

————, Paul and Palestinian Judaism: A Comparison of Patterns of Religion. London: SCM Press, 1977.

————, The Tendencies of the Synoptic Tradition (SNTSM 9). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.

————, & M. Davies, Studying the Synoptic Gospels. London: SCM Press, 1989.

J. Schaberg, The Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit: The Triadic Phrase in Matthew 28:19b (SBLDS 61). Chico: Scholars Press, 1982.

A. Schalit, Konig Herodes: der Mann und sein Werk (Studia Judaica 4). Berlin: de Gruyter, 1969.

T. E. Schmidt. Hostility to Wealth in the Synoptic Gospels (JSNTS 15). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1987.

E. Schürer, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C.—A.D. 135). Revd. English edn. by G. Vermes, F. Millar, M. Black, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1973–1987.

H. Schürmann, Das Lukasevangelium 1: Kommentar zu Kap. 1,1–9,50 (HTKNT 3/1). Freiburg: Herder. 1969.

A. Schweitzer, The Quest of the Historical Jesus: A Critical Study of its Progress from Reimarus to Wrede. ET, 2nd edn., London: A & C Black, 1911.

C. H. H. Scobie, John the Baptist: A New Quest of the Historical John. London: SCM Press, 1964.

D. P. Senior, The Passion Narrative according to Matthew (BETL 39). Leuven: Leuven University Press, 1975.

A. N. Sherwin-White, Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament Oxford: Clarendon, 1963.

D. C. Sim, Apocalyptic Eschatology in the Gospel of Matthew (SNTSM 88). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

————, The Gospel of Matthew and Christian Judaism: The History and Social Setting of the Matthean Community. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1998.

E. M. Smallwood, The Jews under Roman Rule: From Pompey to Diocletian (SJLA 20). Leiden: Brill, 1976.

K. R. Snodgrass, The Parable of the Wicked Tenants (WUNT 27). Tübingen: Mohr, 1983.

G. M. Soares Prabhu, The Formula-Quotations in the Infancy Narrative of Matthew: An Enquiry into the Tradition-history of Mt 1–2 (AnBib 63). Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1976.

G. N. Stanton, A Gospel for a New People: Studies in Matthew. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1992.

———— (ed.), The Interpretation of Matthew. 2nd edn., Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1995.

E. Stauffer, Jesus and His Story. ET, London: SCM Press, 1960.

R. H. Stein, An Introduction to the Parables of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster. 1981.

K. Stendahl, The School of St. Matthew and its Use of the Old Testament. 2nd edn., Philadelphia: Fortress, 1968.

N. B. Stonehouse, The Witness of Matthew and Mark to Christ. London: Tyndale, 1944.

J. R. W. Stott, The Message of the Sermon on the Mount (original title, Christian Counter-Culture). Leicester: IVP, 1978.

B. H. Streeter, The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins. London: Macmillan, 1924.

G. Strecker, The Sermon on the Mount: An Exegetical Commentary. ET, Nashville: Abingdon, 1988.

————, Der Weg der Gerechtigkeit: Untersuchung zur Theologie des Matthäus (FRLANT 82). 3rd edn., Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1962.

M. J. Suggs, Wisdom, Christology and Law in Matthew’s Gospel. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.

J. E. Taylor, John the Baptist within Second Temple Judaism. London: SPCK, 1997.

W. R. Telford, The Barren Temple and the Withered Tree: A Redaction-critical Analysis of the Cursing of the Fig-tree Pericope in Mark’s Gospel and its relation to the Cleansing of the Temple Tradition (JSNTS 1). Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1980.

G. Theissen, The Gospels in Context: Social and Political History in the Synoptic Tradition. ET, Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991.

————, The Miracle Stories of the Early Christian Tradition. ET. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1983.

W. G. Thompson, Matthew’s Advice to a Divided Community: Mt 17, 22–18, 35 (AnBib 44). Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1970.

W. Trilling, Das wahre Israel: Studien zur Theologie des Matthäus-Evangeliums. 3rd edn., München: Kösel, 1964.

N. Turner, A Grammar of New Testament Greek (J. H. Moulton): vol. 3, Syntax. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1963.

G. Vermes, Jesus the Jew: A Historian’s Reading of the Gospels. London: Collins, 1973.

————,Scripture and Tradition in Judaism. Leiden: Brill. 1961.

D. J. Verseput, The Rejection of the Humble, Messianic King: A Study of the Composition of Matthew 11–12. Frankfurt: P. Lang, 1986.

D. O. Via, The Parables: Their literary and Existential Dimension Philadelphia: Fortress, 1967.

————, Self-Deception and Wholeness in Paul and Matthew. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1990.

G. Von Rad, The Problem of the Hexateuch and other Essays. ET, New York: McGrawHill, 1966.

H. C. Waetjen, A Reordering of Power: A Socio-Political Reading of Mark’s Gospel. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1989.

R. E. Watts, Isaiah’s New Exodus and Mark (WUNT 88). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1997.

D. J. Weaver, Matthew’s Missionary Discourse: A literary Critical Analysis (JSNTS 38). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1990.

R. L. Webb, John the Baptizer and Prophet: A Socio-Historical Study (JSNTS 62). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1991.

D. Wenham, The Parables of Jesus: Pictures of Revolution. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1989.

————, Paul: Follower of Jesus or Founder of Christianity? Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.

J. W. Wenham, Christ and the Bible. London: Tyndale 1972.

M. J. Wilkins, The Concept of Disciple in Matthew’s Gospel as Reflected in the Use of the Term Μαθητής (SNT 59). Leiden: Brill, 1988.

J. Wilkinson, Jerusalem as Jesus Knew It: Archaeology as Evidence. London: Thames & Hudson, 1978.

S. K. Williams, Jesus’ Death as Saving Event: The Background and Origin of a Concept Missoula: Scholars Press, 1975.

A. I. Wilson, When Will These Things Happen? A Study of Jesus as Judge in Matthew 21–25. Carlisle: Paternoster, 2004.

N. T. Wright, Jesus and the Victory of God (Christian Origins and the Question of God, vol. 2). London: SPCK, 1996.

————, The Resurrection of the Son of God (Christian Origins and the Question of God, vol. 3). London: SPCK, 2003.

W. H. Wuellner, The Meaning of Fishers of Men. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1967. Y.-E. Yang, Jesus and the Sabbath in Matthew’s Gospel (JSNTS 139). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

J. Zumstein, La Condition du Croyant dans l’Évangile selon Matthieu. Fribourg: Editions Universitaires / Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1977.

Articles

P. J. Achtemeier, Miracles and the Historical Jesus: A Study of Mark 9:14–29, CBQ 37 (1975) 471–491.

E. Adams, The Coming of the Son of Man in Mark’s Gospel, TynBul 56 (2005) 39–61.

B. Ahern, Staff or No Staff, CBQ 5 (1943) 332–337.

D. C. Allison, Anticipating the Passion: The Literary Reach of Matthew 26:47–27:56, CBQ 56 (1994) 701–714.

————, Divorce, Celibacy and Joseph (Matthew 1.18–25 and 19.1–12). JSNT 49 (1993) 3–10.

————, Elijah Must Come First, JBL 103 (1984) 256–258.

————, The Eye is the Lamp of the Body (Matt. 6.22–23 = Luke 11.34–36), NTS 33 (1987) 61–87.

————, The Hairs of your Head are all Numbered, ExpT 101 (1990) 334–336.

————, Matt. 23:39 = Luke 13:35b as a Conditional Prophecy, JSNT 18 (1983) 75–84.

————, Two Notes on a Key Text: Matthew 11:25–30, JTS 39 (1988) 477–485.

A. W. Argyle, The Meaning of καθʼ ἡμέραν in Mark 14.49, ExpT 63 (1952) 354.

————, Wedding Customs at the Time of Jesus, ExpT 86 (1974/5) 214–215.

A. G. Arnott,  ‘The First Day of Unleavened …’: Mt 26.17, Mk 14.12, Lk 22.7, BT 35 (1984) 235–238.

K. Atkinson, On Further Defining the First-Century CE Synagogue: Fact or Fiction? A Rejoinder to H. C. Kee, NTS 43 (1997) 491–502.

N. Avigad, A Depository of Inscribed Ossuaries in the Kidron Valley, IEJ 12 (1962) 1–12.

T. Baarda, Gadarenes, Gerasenes, Gergesenes and the ‘Diatessaron’ Tradition, in E. E. Ellis & M. Wilcox (ed.), Neotestamentica et Semitica (FS M. Black. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1969) 181–197.

S. Bacchiocchi, Matthew 11:28–30: Jesus’ Rest and the Sabbath, AUSS 22 (1984) 289–316.

G. J. Bahr, The Seder of Passover and the Eucharistic Words, NovT 12 (1970) 181–202.

K. E Bailey, The Manger and the Inn—the Cultural Background of Luke 2.7, Near East School of Theology Review 2 (1979) 33–44; reprinted in Evangelical Review of Theology 4 (1980) 201–217.

H. Baltensweiler, Die Ehebruchsklauseln bei Matthäus, TZ 15 (1959) 340–356.

E. Bammel, Crucifixion as a Punishment in Palestine, in E. Bammel (ed.), Trial 162–165.

————, The Feeding of the Multitude, in E. Bammel & C. F. D. Moule (ed.), Jesus 211–240.

————, "The Tltulus," in E. Bammel & C. F. D. Moule (ed.), Jesus 353–364.

————, The Trial before Pilate, in E. Bammel & C. F. D. Moule (ed.), Jesus 415–451.

T. D. Barnes, The Date of Herod’s Death, JTS 19 (1968) 204–209.

P. W. Barnett, The Jewish Sign Prophets—A.D. 40–70: Their Intentions and Origin, NTS 27 (1981) 679–697.

C. K. Barrett, The House of Prayer and the Den of Thieves, in E. E. Ellis & E. Grässer (ed.), Jesus und Paulus (FS W. G. Kümmel. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck& Ruprecht, 1975) 13–20.

R. A. Batey, Is not this the Carpenter? NTS 30 (1984) 249–258.

R. J. Bauckham, The Coin in the Fish’s Mouth, in D. Wenham & C. Blomberg (ed.), Gospel Perspectives 6 (Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1986) 219–252.

————, Jesus’ Demonstration in the Temple, in B. Lndars (ed.), Law and Religion (Cambridge: Clarke, 1988) 72–89.

————, "The Parable of the Royal Wedding Feast (Matthew 22:1–14) and the Parable of the Lame Man and the Blind Man (Apocryphon of Ezekiel)," JBL 115 (1996) 471–488.

————, Salome the Sister of Jesus, Salome the Disciple of Jesus, and the Secret Gospel of Mark, NovT 33 (1991) 245–275.

————, Tamar’s Ancestry and Rahab’s Marriage: Two Problems in the Matthean Genealogy, NovT 37 (1995) 313–329.

D. A. Bauer, The Kingship of Jesus in the Matthean Infancy Narrative: A Uterary Analysis, CBQ 57 (1995) 306–323.

————, The Literary and Theological Function of the Genealogy in Matthew’s Gospel, in D. A. Bauer & M. A. Powell (ed.), Treasures 129–159.

R. Beaton, Messiah and Justice: A Key to Matthew’s Use of Isaiah 42:1–47? JSNT 75 (1999) 5–23.

M. A. Beavis, Ancient Slavery as an Interpretive Context for the New Testament Servant Parables with special reference to the Unjust Steward (Luke 16:1–8), JBL 111 (1992) 37–54.

T. J. Bennett, Matthew 7:6—A New Interpretation, WTJ 49 (1987) 371–386.

K. Berger, Jesus als Nasoräer/Nasiräer, NovT 38 (1996) 323–335.

————, Zur Geschichte der Einleitungsformel ‘Amen, ich sage euch’, ZNW 63 (1972) 45–75.

H. D. Betz, Matthew vi.22f and Ancient Greek Theories of Vision, in E. Best & A. McL. Wilson (ed.), Text and Interpretation (FS M. Black. Cambridge: CUP, 1979) 43–56.

D. A. Black, Jesus on Anger: The Text of Matthew 5:22a Revisited, NovT 30 (1988) 1–8.

M. Black,  ‘Not Peace but a Sword’: Matt 10:34ff; Luke 12:51ff, in E. Bammel & C. F. D. Moule (ed.), Jesus 289–294.

J. Blinzler, Εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι, ZNW 48 (1957) 254–270.

M. Bockmuehl,  ‘Let the Dead Bury their Dead’ (Matt. 8:22/Luke 9:60): Jesus and the Halakah, JTS 49 (1998) 553–581.

————, "Matthew 5.32; 19.9

Reviews for The Gospel of Matthew

[Luis · Rating: 5 out of 5 stars]

High book wachin, the author really stood on his hands, I congratulate him and may he have a Merry Christmas listening to Argentine cumbia.

[vanjr-1 · Rating: 5 out of 5 stars]

It has been a while since I read this, but it is THE BEST single commentary of any book in the Bible I have ever read. France was fantastic. It focused on what the text said/meant and not on denominational or partisan opinions. I highly recommend this.