Entropy Analysis in Thermal Engineering Systems

By Yousef Haseli

Entropy Analysis in Thermal Engineering Systems is a thorough reference on the latest formulation and limitations of traditional entropy analysis. Yousef Haseli draws on his own experience in thermal engineering as well as the knowledge of other global experts to explain the definitions and concepts of entropy and the significance of the second law of thermodynamics. The design and operation of systems is also described, as well as an analysis of the relationship between entropy change and exergy destruction in heat conversion and transfer.

The book investigates the performance of thermal systems and the applications of the entropy analysis in thermal engineering systems to allow the reader to make clearer design decisions to maximize the energy potential of a thermal system.

• Includes applications of entropy analysis methods in thermal power generation systems
• Explains the relationship between entropy change and exergy destruction in an energy conversion/transfer process
• Guides the reader to accurately utilize entropy methods for the analysis of system performance to improve efficiency

• Language: English
• Publisher: Academic Press
• Release date: Oct 23, 2019
• ISBN: 9780128191699

Yousef Haseli

Yousef Haseli is an Assistant Professor at the School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University. He has conducted research on various subjects in the field of thermofluids and energy sciences for over a decade, and has the experience of working with renowned scientists at some of the world’s top universities. He received a PhD in Mechanical Engineering at Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, followed by a postdoctoral position at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Haseli has presented his research findings in numerous international conferences. He is a recipient of several awards, the most distinguished one being the Academic Gold Medal Award of the Governor General of Canada. His research interests include thermochemical conversion of biomass (torrefaction, gasification, pyrolysis), advanced energy conversion systems, clean energy and fuel production, two-phase/reactive flows, and engineering thermodynamics. Dr. Haseli’s research activities have led to one book and over 30 journal articles.

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Chapter One

Fundamental concepts

Abstract

This chapter reviews some of the fundamental concepts of thermodynamics, which will be used as a foundation in the discussions and analyses of the next chapters. The topics covered include an introduction to thermodynamic properties, conservation of mass and energy principles, first law of thermodynamic applied to steady-state and unsteady processes, second law of thermodynamics, quantitative definition of entropy as a thermodynamic property, third law of thermodynamics, analytical expressions for entropy generation, and analytical expression of the combined first and second laws. Illustrative examples are presented, where appropriate, for further clarification.

Keywords

First law; Second law; Entropy; Entropy generation; Thermodynamic properties

1.1 Thermodynamic properties

In many branches of science, property refers to the condition and characteristic of a substance under study. The properties of matter are categorized as mechanical, physical, thermal, etc. The examples include elasticity, yield strength, hardness (mechanical properties); density, melting point, viscosity (physical properties); thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat (thermal properties).

In thermodynamics, properties describe the state or condition of a substance. The basic properties frequently used in thermodynamic calculations are temperature, pressure, specific enthalpy, specific internal energy, specific volume, and specific entropy. The thermodynamic properties depend solely on the state of a given system or substance. They are independent of the path or process through which the system is brought to that state.

Some of these properties can directly be measured like temperature and pressure, whereas some properties are unmeasurable such as specific internal energy and entropy, which are determined using the measurable ones. Furthermore, the unmeasurable properties of two different substances may differ at identical pressure and temperature. For example, the specific enthalpy of air at 1 atm and 298 K is different from the specific enthalpy of water at the same pressure and