Ebook168 pages4 hours
Cleaning Pakistan's Air: Policy Options to Address the Cost of Outdoor Air Pollution
Rating: 0 out of 5 stars
()
About this ebook
The extent of urban air pollution in Pakistan—South Asia's most urbanized country—is among the world’s most severe, significantly damaging human health, quality of life, and the economy and environment of Pakistan. The harm from Pakistan's urban air pollution is among the highest in South Asia, exceeding several high-profile causes of mortality and morbidity in Pakistan.
Improved air quality management (AQM) in Pakistan can have notable economic and health benefits. For example, the estimated health benefits per dollar spent on cleaner diesel are approximately US $1†“1.5 for light-duty diesel vehicles and US $1.5†“2.4 for large buses and trucks.
This report advocates that Pakistan allocate resources to AQM, because its air quality is severely affecting millions of Pakistanis, and because experiences around the world indicate that interventions can significantly improve air quality. This report details a broad spectrum of research on Pakistan’s AQM challenges, and identifies a comprehensive set of steps to improve air quality.
The research presented here underpins the conclusions that addressing Pakistan's urban air pollution requires coordinated interventions to strengthen AQM, build agencies' institutional capacity, bolster AQM's legal and regulatory framework, implement policy reforms and investments, and fill knowledge gaps. However, Pakistan's policy makers face major obstacles, including limited financial, human, and technical resources, and can pursue only a few AQM interventions at the same time.
In the short term, Pakistan's AQM should give highest priority to reducing pollutants linked to high morbidity and mortality: PM2.5 (and precursors like SOx and NOx) from mobile sources. A second-level short-term priority could be PM2.5, SOx, and emissions of toxic metals from stationary sources. An important medium-term priority should be mass transportation in major cities, controlling traffic, and restricting private cars during high-pollution episodes. A long-term priority could be taxing hydrocarbons, based on their contribution to greenhouse gases.
Improved air quality management (AQM) in Pakistan can have notable economic and health benefits. For example, the estimated health benefits per dollar spent on cleaner diesel are approximately US $1†“1.5 for light-duty diesel vehicles and US $1.5†“2.4 for large buses and trucks.
This report advocates that Pakistan allocate resources to AQM, because its air quality is severely affecting millions of Pakistanis, and because experiences around the world indicate that interventions can significantly improve air quality. This report details a broad spectrum of research on Pakistan’s AQM challenges, and identifies a comprehensive set of steps to improve air quality.
The research presented here underpins the conclusions that addressing Pakistan's urban air pollution requires coordinated interventions to strengthen AQM, build agencies' institutional capacity, bolster AQM's legal and regulatory framework, implement policy reforms and investments, and fill knowledge gaps. However, Pakistan's policy makers face major obstacles, including limited financial, human, and technical resources, and can pursue only a few AQM interventions at the same time.
In the short term, Pakistan's AQM should give highest priority to reducing pollutants linked to high morbidity and mortality: PM2.5 (and precursors like SOx and NOx) from mobile sources. A second-level short-term priority could be PM2.5, SOx, and emissions of toxic metals from stationary sources. An important medium-term priority should be mass transportation in major cities, controlling traffic, and restricting private cars during high-pollution episodes. A long-term priority could be taxing hydrocarbons, based on their contribution to greenhouse gases.
Related to Cleaning Pakistan's Air
Related ebooks
Air Pollution and Climate Change: From Co-Benefits to Coherent Policies Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsLow-Carbon Development: Opportunities for Nigeria Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsLow-Carbon Development Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsEnvironmental Management: Science and Engineering for Industry Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Weather and Climate Resilience Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Turning the Right Corner: Ensuring Development through a Low-Carbon Transport Sector Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsEnvironmental Control in Petroleum Engineering Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Handbook of Air Pollution Prevention and Control Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Green Aviation Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAir Quality Monitoring and Advanced Bayesian Modeling Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsNature's Frontiers: Achieving Sustainability, Efficiency, and Prosperity with Natural Capital Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsEmerging Aquatic Contaminants: One Health Framework for Risk Assessment and Remediation in the Post COVID-19 Anthropocene Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAerosol Science: Technology and Applications Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsEnergizing Green Cities in Southeast Asia: Applying Sustainable Urban Energy and Emissions Planning Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsWater Management in Oil and Gas Operations: Industry Practice and Policy Guidelines for Developing Countries Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsCOVID-19 in the Environment: Impact, Concerns, and Management of Coronavirus Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsMeasuring the Benefits of Water Pollution Abatement Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsFacilitating Trade Through Competitive, Low-Carbon Transport Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsFacilitating Trade Through Competitive, Low-Carbon Transport: The Case for Vietnam's Inland and Coastal Waterways Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsHandbook of Environmental Engineering Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPractical Guide to Occupational Health and Safety Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Environmental Health and Safety Audits Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPerformance and Improvement of Green Construction Projects: Management Strategies and Innovations Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAcid Gas Extraction for Disposal and Related Topics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsHazardous Air Pollutants: Assessment, Liabilities and Regulatory Compliance Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsHealth Impact Assessment: A Good Practice Sourcebook Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsLeachables and Extractables Handbook: Safety Evaluation, Qualification, and Best Practices Applied to Inhalation Drug Products Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPollution Control in Oil, Gas and Chemical Plants Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsEvaluating Environmental and Social Impact Assessment in Developing Countries Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Business For You
Your Next Five Moves: Master the Art of Business Strategy Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Emotional Intelligence: Exploring the Most Powerful Intelligence Ever Discovered Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5The Intelligent Investor, Rev. Ed: The Definitive Book on Value Investing Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Financial Words You Should Know: Over 1,000 Essential Investment, Accounting, Real Estate, and Tax Words Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Tools Of Titans: The Tactics, Routines, and Habits of Billionaires, Icons, and World-Class Performers Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Crucial Conversations Tools for Talking When Stakes Are High, Second Edition Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Richest Man in Babylon: The most inspiring book on wealth ever written Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Becoming Bulletproof: Protect Yourself, Read People, Influence Situations, and Live Fearlessly Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Carol Dweck's Mindset The New Psychology of Success: Summary and Analysis Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Catalyst: How to Change Anyone's Mind Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Robert's Rules Of Order Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Set for Life: An All-Out Approach to Early Financial Freedom Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Summary of Eve Rodsky's Fair Play Rating: 2 out of 5 stars2/5Crucial Conversations: Tools for Talking When Stakes are High, Third Edition Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5How to Grow Your Small Business: A 6-Step Plan to Help Your Business Take Off Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Five Dysfunctions of a Team: A Leadership Fable, 20th Anniversary Edition Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Lying Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Summary of J.L. Collins's The Simple Path to Wealth Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Law of Connection: Lesson 10 from The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5How to Get Ideas Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5High Conflict: Why We Get Trapped and How We Get Out Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, 3rd Edition Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Collaborating with the Enemy: How to Work with People You Don’t Agree with or Like or Trust Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5
Reviews for Cleaning Pakistan's Air
Rating: 0 out of 5 stars
0 ratings
0 ratings0 reviews
Book preview
Cleaning Pakistan's Air - Ernesto Sánchez-Triana
Enjoying the preview?
Page 1 of 1