Along Wyoming's Historic Highway 20

By Michael J. Till

Highway 20 was designated a federal highway in 1926, and until the arrival of the Interstate Highway System in the 1950s it was a primary route across northern Wyoming. From the Great Plains in the east to the mountains in the west, Highway 20 passed though cities and towns that retain their frontier visages and such wonders as Hell's Half Acre, the Wind River Canyon, Natural Hot Springs, Buffalo Bill Scenic Byway, and spectacular Yellowstone National Park. Fortunately, historic Highway 20 remains almost completely intact and can be driven much as travelers did in years past. Postcard History Series: Along Wyoming's Historic Highway 20 celebrates this trip, illustrated by more than 200 vintage postcards showing the personality of the road. Not to be forgotten are the tourist courts, hotels, diners, and gas stations that made automobile travel possible.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Arcadia Publishing
• Release date: May 16, 2016
• ISBN: 9781439656006

Michael J. Till

Michael J. Till is a retired university professor. He grew up on Route 20 and has had a lifelong interest in the road. All illustrations are from his personal collection of more than 2,000 vintage Route 20 postcards.

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POSTCARD HISTORY SERIES

Along Wyoming’s

Historic Highway 20

Michael J. Till

Copyright © 2016 by Michael J. Till

ISBN 978-1-4671-1598-8

Ebook ISBN 9781439656006

Published by Arcadia Publishing

Charleston, South Carolina

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To all who remember the crowding and heat in the backseat of the family sedan before the days of air-conditioning, iPods, and smartphones

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Thanks are due to the long-ago civic leaders and business owners who had the foresight to recognize the value of picture postcards in promoting their communities. These visual and historic records provide invaluable insights into the way it was in the days when two-lane highways and mom-and-pop tourist courts reigned supreme. Thanks also to the vendors of vintage postcards without whose help this book would have been more difficult if not impossible. Many searched for Highway 20 cards for me, which was greatly appreciated. The same is true for persons responsible for modern web pages describing towns and historical sites on Highway 20. I have borrowed freely from their descriptions and wish to acknowledge their contributions.

Librarians and staffs of county historical societies and museums along Highway 20 were helpful in directing me to interesting information about the road. Many shared personal memories of the postcard sites, and if someone did not know the answer to a question, a telephone call to a longtime resident of the community usually produced the information; thus, many grandparents, uncles, aunts and community elders contributed indirectly to this book.

Last, but certainly not least, I wish to thank my wife, Christine, for her help. A librarian herself, she knows sources of information and how to access them. She was also an excellent collaborator as we drove historic Highway 20 researching specific sites. Many of her observations have been incorporated into the captions in the book.

All images in this book appear courtesy of the author’s personal collection.

INTRODUCTION

The Federal Aid Highway Act of 1921 was enacted to answer the demand for better roads as motorized travel gained in popularity during the early 20th century. The act provided funding for development and maintenance of seven percent of each state’s road system provided the roads were interstate in character, meaning that the designated roads in one state must connect with similarly designated roads in adjacent states. Thus, the original federal highways were existing roads that provided a contiguous roadway system throughout the country that would be convenient for motorists to follow and would assure funding for their ongoing maintenance. The roads to be included were identified in 1923, and in 1926 the first Federal Highway System came into existence. The numbering system was adopted, which is still in use today. Major east–west routes were assigned a number ending in 0 and the numbering sequence was from north to south. Major north–south roads ended in 5 with the sequence going from west to east. To avoid the unique number 0, the number 2 was assigned to the highway that extended from Maine through New York and then was separated by the Great Lakes before continuing its western section from Michigan. The remaining roads were designated 10, 20, 30, etc. to 90. Highway 10 extended only from the Midwest to the West Coast, whereas the others were all cross-country.

From 1926 to 1940, historic Highway 20 extended from Boston to the east entrance of Yellowstone National Park. In 1940, the western section was completed to Newport, Oregon. The roads within the park were connecting links between the eastern and western sections, making Highway 20 the northernmost of the true cross-country highways and, at 3,365 miles, the longest. Federal highway designations are not used in national parks, causing some observers to suggest that Highway 20 is not a cross-country highway. That argument carries very little weight, as the road continues uninterrupted through the park with the only change being the signage. For decades, travelers on Highway 20 have happily passed through Yellowstone National Park without questioning the road’s continuity and have enjoyed the views shown on the cards in this book.

Wyoming officials chose wisely in selecting the route of historic Highway 20. They ensured efficient travel from place to place and recognition of the importance of good roads for the state’s economic progress. Highway 20 was located near many of Wyoming’s most productive oil fields, which benefitted greatly from convenient access to highway transportation. In the middle of the state, the road was routed past Boysen Lake, the beautiful Wind River Canyon, and the Hot Springs in Thermopolis, all important locations for tourists and vacationers. In northern Wyoming, the road leads directly to Yellowstone National Park. Planners knew that automobiles would become the preferred mode of transportation in the future, and they were determined that Wyoming would provide a highway system capable of meeting that trend. Although not as famous as its cousins Highway 30 (much of which coincided with the original Lincoln Highway) or Route 66 (which is not cross-country), Highway 20 nonetheless has served with equal importance in introducing automobile and truck traffic to America.

Early motorists got a close-up view of the towns and cities along the path of their journey, and they took advantage of the stores, restaurants, service stations, and tourist accommodations. City officials and entrepreneurial merchants quickly recognized the value of advertising their wares to the traveling public. Inexpensive or even free picture postcards were a popular vehicle for showing off their cities. Professionally produced picture postcards provided a convenient record of the trip, and typically they were less expensive and of higher quality than travelers could produce with their own cameras. Many picture postcards found their way into personal scrapbooks. These postcards provide the basis for this book.

The advent of the Interstate Highway System in the 1950s was a boon for motorized travel, but it also had a downside; frequently, the course of the new superhighways was directly over the former local roads. The latter were simply bulldozed away, thus completely obliterating their existence together with the memories they evoked. Fortunately, Highway 20 has escaped this fate. The original road has survived