Liferay Beginner’s Guide
By Robert Chen
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Liferay Beginner’s Guide - Robert Chen
Table of Contents
Liferay
Credits
About the Authors
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Support files, eBooks, discount offers and more
Why Subscribe?
Free Access for Packt account holders
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Time for action – heading
What just happened?
Pop quiz – heading
Have a go hero – heading
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code for this book
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Planning Your Portal
What is Liferay Portal?
Time for action – browsing sites based on Liferay Portal
What just happened?
Definition of a portal
Horizontal vs. vertical portals
Time for action – comparing Yahoo! and YouTube
What just happened?
Open source vs. commercial portals
Time for action – finding the source code of Liferay Portal
What just happened?
Pop quiz – multiple choices
Liferay Portal architecture
Web service provider
Liferay is flexible
Liferay is standard compliant
Pop quiz – multiple choices
Main Liferay Portal features
Theme and layout
Communities and organizations
Content Management System and Web Content Management
Time for action – watching Liferay Portal portlets in action
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Preparation for Liferay Portal installation
Hardware requirements
Time for action – finding RAM information
What just happened?
Software requirements
Operating systems
Java Development Kit
Time for action – installing JDK
What just happened?
Application servers and servlet containers
Database servers
Time for action – installing MySQL database server
What just happened?
Web browser
Installing OpenOffice
Time for action – installing OpenOffice
What just happened?
Time for action – starting OpenOffice service
What just happened?
Time for action – checking the OpenOffice service
What just happened?
Archive tools
Pop quiz
Summary
2. Installing a Liferay Portal Instance
Getting started
Liferay with Apache Tomcat
Time for action – deploying on Tomcat
What just happened?
Liferay with JBoss Application Server
Time for action – deploying on JBoss AS
What just happened?
Liferay with GlassFish
Time for action – deploying in GlassFish
What just happened?
Liferay with Oracle WebLogic
Time for action – configuring Weblogic
Configuring Oracle WebLogic
What just happened?
Deploying Liferay on WebLogic
What just happened?
Liferay on existing Tomcat
Time for action – deploying Liferay
What just happened?
Database configuration
Time for action – creating the database
What just happened?
Configuring Liferay to use MySQL
Time for action – changing the file
What just happened?
Summary
3. Understanding Portal Basics and Theming
Understanding a portal
Navigating Liferay
Time for action – signing in to Liferay Portal
What just happened?
Getting familiar with the Dockbar
The Add option
Time for action – creating a new page and adding a portlet
What just happened?
Have a go hero – installing a new portlet
Pop quiz – true or false
Using the Manage option
Time for action – accessing a portal with a normal user account
What just happened?
Pop quiz – select the correct answer
Getting an overview of Liferay Portal Architecture
Understanding the Liferay building blocks
User
User group
Role
Community
Organization
Teams
Pop quiz
Basics of the Control Panel
Visiting the Control Panel
Time for action – creating a new user
What just happened?
Changing Portal's look and feel with themes
Time for action – installing a new theme and applying it to the portal
What just happened?
Summary
4. Tips and Tricks-Advanced Configuration
Renaming our portal
Time for action – changing our portal name
What just happened?
SSO with OpenID
Time for action – using OpenID for authentication
What just happened?
Ask users to accept terms before accessing Liferay
Time for action – enabling Terms of Use
Time for action – changing Terms of Use
What just happened?
E-mail notifications
Time for action – enable notification for account creation
What just happened?
Adding custom attributes for User
Time for action – giving the option to add a user's favorite sport
Have a go hero – add more custom attributes
OpenOffice integration
Time for action – enabling OpenOffice integration
What just happened?
Changing the hostname
Time for action – changing our portal name
What just happened?
Mail server
Time for action – enabling the mail server
Summary
5. Building your First Liferay Site
Designing the site – painting the full picture
Users
Content
Applications
Security
Have a go hero – finding out information for an intranet portal
Knowing the portal requirements
CIGNEX Neighborhood portal
Organizing users in an organization and a community
Organization—structured grouping of users
Adding the organization
Time for action – creating organization for CIGNEX Neighborhood
Time for action – understanding actions associated with the organization
What just happened?
Have a go hero – adding a sub-organization to Neighborhood Congress
Understanding the difference between a Location and Regular Organization
Pop quiz – true or false?
Community—a collection of users having common interests
Adding the community
Time for action – creating a community for CIGNEX Neighborhood
What just happened?
Time for action – understanding actions associated with the community
Have a go hero – adding more communities to the CIGNEX Neighborhood
Pop quiz – true or false?
What suits your portal—organization or community?
Using organizations
Using communities
User groups—arbitrary collection of users
Time for action – adding a user group to CIGNEX Neighborhood
Time for action – understanding the actions associated with the group
What just happened?
User group and page templates
Time for action – creating a page template for the Bowlers user group
What just happened?
Pop quiz – multiple choice
Summary
6. Managing Pages, Users, and Permissions
Checklist
Creating pages for the Neighborhood site
Creating pages for Neighborhood communities
Time for action – creating pages for Neighborhood communities
What just happened?
Have a go hero – other top-level and child pages
Setting page-level attributes to define page characteristics
Time for action – providing a HTML title and friendly URL for a page
What just happened?
Pop quiz – true or false?
Exploring the User section
Configuration for user pages' default porltets
Creating an administrator user to manage the Neighborhood site
Time for action – creating a user and assigning an administrator role
What just happened?
Editing the user profile
Time for action – modifying user details
What just happened?
Assigning users to Neighborhood communities and organizations
Time for action – assigning a user to communities and organizations
What just happened?
Have a go hero – adding additional users to site
Disabling the option to register for the site for guest users
Time for action – disabling the Register option for a guest user
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Exploring role/permission management in Liferay
Creating a role to manage pages of the Neighborhood site
Time for action – creating a role to manage pages
What just happened?
Portal scoped roles
Community/Organization roles
Assigning users to community/organization administrator role
Time for action – assigning community/organization Administrator role
What just happened?
Have a go hero – creating a community role to grant blog creation permission
What just happened?
More on permissions
Defining resource-level permissions
Time for action – defining permissions for a bookmark entry
What just happened?
Have a go hero – defining the View permission for the Bookmark portlet
Pop quiz
Summary
7. Creating and Publishing Content
Content management preview
Analyzing online content
Organizing content
Purpose of Liferay content management
Uploading images
Time for action – uploading an image file
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – uploading another image
Creating web content
Regular web content
Time for action –adding content to the welcome page
What just happened?
Web content with a structure and template
Time for action – creating a structure
What just happened?
Time for action – creating a template
What just happened?
Time for action – creating template-based content
What just happened?
Migrated web content
Time for action –migrating static content from an existing site using the web content portlet
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – exploring the content creation process
Displaying web content
Welcome page
Time for action – adding content to the Welcome page
What just happened?
Houses-on-Sale page
Time for action – selling houses online
What just happened?
Registration page
Time for action – populating the registration page
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – tweaking content display
Uploading documents
Time for action – uploading a video file
What just happened?
Time for action – uploading a PDF file
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – find out more about file uploading
Showing a PDF file link in web content
Time for action – embedding a link for a PDF file
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – checking file permissions
Enabling comments for web content
Time for action – enabling comments for content
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – adding comment about content
Disclosing decrypted Congress documents
Time for action – displaying documents
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – adding comments
Managing content
Reviewing web content
Time for action – using the web content list portlet
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – filtering content
Monitoring other content
Time for action – adding the asset publisher portlet
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – updating content
Converting web content to formatted files
Time for action – adding a file conversion feature
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Have a go hero – performing conversion
Summary
8. Exploring Communities
Prerequisite
Setting up an online game using Flash Portlet
Time for action – setting up an online game using Flash Portlet
What just happened?
Have a go hero – displaying a Vegetable schedule
Adding Web Content Display to announce a cricket match
Time for action – announcing a cricket match
What just happened?
Using Video Portlet to share Neighborhood videos
Time for action – sharing Neighborhood videos
What just happened?
Sharing Neighborhood photos using Image Gallery
Time for action – sharing Neighborhood photos
What just happened?
Pop quiz – multiple choice
Exploring chat functionality to enable chat between Neighborhood members
Time for action – exploring chat functionality
What just happened?
Pop quiz – True or false
Integrating Open Social Gadgets in Neighborhood site
Time for action – integrating Open Social Gadgets
What just happened?
Creating bookmark of useful links using Bookmark Portlet
Time for action – creating bookmarks of useful links
What just happened?
Conducting polls in the Neighborhood site using Polls Portlet
Time for action – creating bookmarks of useful links
What just happened?
Pop quiz – multiple choice
Have a go hero – creating more polls
Changing language of Neighborhood site using Language Portlet
Time for action – changing language using Language Portlet
What just happened?
Have a go hero – change user language
Displaying breaking news as a carousel on the Neighborhood site
Time for action – displaying breaking news as a carousel
What just happened?
Defining a search on the Neighborhood site
Setting site wide search on the Neighborhood site
Time for action – searching all content
What just happened?
Setting Web Content search on the Neighborhood site
Time for action – searching for Web Content
What just happened?
Have a go hero – searching only general content
Summary
9. Setting up an Online Shop
Getting started with online store setup
Online shop configuration
Page configuration
Time for action – configuring an online shop page
What just happened?
Payment configuration
Time for action – configuring tax rate and currency
What just happened?
Payment method configuration
Time for action – configuring payment through PayPal
What just happened?
Adding PayPal Sandbox environment support in the Shopping portlet
Time for action – installing a plugin to provide PayPal Sandbox environment support
What just happened?
What about payment with credit cards?
Shipping cost configuration
Time for action – configuring the shipping cost
What just happened?
Percentage formula for shipping cost calculation
Insurance cost configuration
Time for action – configuring the insurance cost
What just happened?
E-mail configuration
Time for action – configuring the e-mail templates
What just happened?
Pop quiz
Shopping items
Item categories
Time for action – item category creation
What just happened?
Changing the Parent Category
Have a go hero – define another subcategory
Shopping items
Time for action – item creation
What just happened?
Basic attributes
Fields section attributes
Prices section attributes
Images section attributes
Have a go hero – defining a complete set of items for our shop
Pop quiz
Shopping cart
Have a go hero – creating a login id for our customer
Let's do shopping
Time for action – adding items to the shopping cart
What just happened?
Item listing view (category listing view)
Item details view
Shopping cart view
Pop quiz
Checkout process
Time for action – making a payment
What just happened?
Address details
Order confirmation
Have a go hero – verifying PayPal accounts
Order management
Time for action – processing the order
What just happened?
Order listing
Order details
Promotion offers
Time for action – promoting offers
What just happened?
Coupon listing
Edit coupon details
Have a go hero – advertising
Pop quiz
Summary
10. Liferay Server Administration
Getting started with server administration
Monitoring and managing server resources
Time for action – monitoring and controlling Liferay resources
Memory utilization
Used Memory versus Total Memory
Used Memory versus Maximum Memory
Memory management operations
General maintenance operations
Managing log levels
Time for action – configuring the log levels
What just happened?
What if the class or package entry is not found?
Configuring the log levels permanently
Time for action – changing log levels permanently
What just happened?
Managing file upload size and types
Time for action – configuring document library file settings
What just happened?
Monitoring portal sessions
Time for action – monitoring live user sessions
What just happened?
Configuring multiple portals on the same Liferay server
Time for action – configuring another portal instance
What just happened?
Virtual hosting of communities and organizations
Time for action – virtual host configuration
What just happened?
Implementing the staging environment
Time for action – configuring staging environments
What just happened?
Staging configuration
Publish to Live Now
Scheduled publication
Time for action – scheduling publication of portal changes
What just happened?
Summary
A. PayPal Test Account Configuration
B. Pop Quiz Answers
Chapter 1, Planning your Portal
Chapter 3, Understanding Portal Basics and Theming
Chapter 5, Building your First Liferay Site
Chapter 6, Managing Pages, Users, and Permissions
Chapter 7, Creating and Publishing Content
Chapter 8, Exploring the Communities
Chapter 9, Setting up an Online Shop
Bonus Chapter, Exploring Social Collaboration
Index
Liferay
Beginner's Guide
Liferay
Beginner's Guide
Copyright © 2011 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the authors, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: December 2011
Production Reference: 1241111
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
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ISBN 978-1-84951-700-3
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Cover Image by Asher Wishkerman (<wishkerman@hotmail.com >)
Credits
Authors
Robert Chen
Gaurav Barot
Samir Bhatt
Sandeep Nair
Mahipalsinh Rana
Reviewers
Albert Coronado Calzada
Aritz Galdos Otermin
Jordi Carbonell i Soler
Acquisition Editor
Sarah Cullington
Development Editor
Shreerang Deshpande
Technical Editors
Manasi Poonthottam
Sakina Kaydawala
Ankita Shashi
Copy Editors
Leonard D'Silva
Neha Shetty
Project Coordinator
Jovita Pinto
Proofreader
Aaron Nash
Indexer
Monica Ajmera Mehta
Graphics
Valentina D'silva
Conidon Miranda
Production Coordinator
Shantanu Zagade
Cover Work
Shantanu Zagade
About the Authors
Robert Chen is an Architect for Liferay Portal projects. He was a computer game developer and a software testing engineer. He holds an MS degree in Computer Science from California State University, San Bernardino. His focus was on online banking applications. He also has a bachelor's degree from Wuhan University, China. Mr. Chen was a QA engineer at VMware, Inc. He later led a team in developing four educational computer games for a Florida school district. He worked on Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Mr. Chen has rich experience in J2EE technologies. He has extensive experience in Content Management Systems (CMS) including Alfreso. He is an expert in web portal technologies. Mr. Chen has hands-on experience in 10 Liferay Portal projects.
I would sincerely thank Sarah Cullington (Acquisition Editor), Zainab Bagasrawala (Project Coordinator), Shreerang Deshpande (Development Editor) at Packt Publishing. Thank you for reviewing my chapters. I appreciate your invaluable advice – it has helped me improve the quality of my writing. Thanks also go to Eleanor Duffy, Lata Basantani, and the team at Packt Publishing. It has been a happy experience working together with you!
I would also thank Dr. Munwar Shariff and Dr. Jonas X. Yuan for their support and encouragement along the way.
Gaurav Barot has worked on Enterprise-level portal development projects in various domains such as media, healthcare, and insurance. He has been working on Liferay for more than three years now. Apart from being involved in full lifecycle of portal development projects, he is also a Certified Liferay Trainer and provides Liferay Trainings worldwide. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Engineering in Information Technologies and Post Graduate Diploma in Network Computing. He has more than six years of industrial experience.
Gaurav is working as a Senior Consultant with CIGNEX Datamatics, a global leader in open source technologies.
I would like to thank all my team members at CIGNEX for making this book a reality. I am also very thankful to Munwar Shariff – CTO, CIGNEX Datamatics and Manish Sheladia – Co-founder and Chief Delivery Officer, CIGNEX Datamatics to provide an opportunity to write this book.
I sincerely thank and appreciate the entire team at Packt Publishing for providing continuous support during this project.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank my parents and my two younger sisters – Kinjal and Yogini for their love and encouragement. A special thanks to my wife Kruti and my lovely daughter Twisha – both of them have been very tolerant and understanding during all the time that I've spent on the computer while working on the book.
Samir Bhatt Samir Bhatt has been working on Liferay for more than two years and is a Liferay certified trainer. He is leading Liferay practice at CIGNEX Datamatics. He is also part of architects panel at CIGNEX Datamatics. He has worked as a Liferay Architect in more than 10 projects. He has conducted many Liferay trainings across the globe. Samir has more than 11 years of IT experience. He delivered solutions in various business domains including telecommunication, retail, healthcare, and media. He has also worked on many other technologies including Pentaho BI, Oracle, Java Swing, ICEfaces, and Visual Basic.
I would like to specially thank Munwar Sharif (CTO, CIGNEX Datamatics) and Manish Sheladia (Chief Delivery Officer, CIGNEX Datamatics) for encouraging me to write this book.
I appreciate the whole Packt Publishing team for providing continuous support throughout this project.
Lastly, I want to thank my parents for their encouragement. I specially thank my wife Hetal and my little daughter Shreeya for their support and love.
Sandeep Nair has been working on Liferay for more than two years and has overall more than five years of experience in Java and Java EE technologies. He has executed projects using Liferay in various domains such as Construction, Financial, and Medical fields providing solutions such as Collaboration, Enterprise Content Management, Web Content Management systems. He has created a free and open source Google Chartlet plugin for Liferay which has been downloaded and used by people across 90 countries as per Sourceforge statistics. Besides development, consulting, and implementing solutions, he has also been involved in giving trainings in Liferay in other countries. Before he jumped into Liferay, he has had experience in Java and Java EE platforms and had worked in EJB, Spring, Struts, Hibernate, Servicemix. He also has experience in using JitterBit, which is an ETL tool. When he is not coding, he loves to read books and write blogs.
I would like to thank Munwar Shariff and Manish Sheladia who trusted in me and thought me worthy enough to write this book. I would like to thank Robert Chen for being so supportive from the beginning of the book and leading the team that too very efficiently. I would also like to thank rest of the co-authors Samir Bhatt, Mahipalsinh Rana, and Gaurav Barot, who were there to review and discuss each other's work and make sure we give quality book to the readers. I am also very grateful to Zainab Bagasrawala, who took the pains to co-ordinate the chapters and making sure we deliver the chapter in time, Sarah Cullington and Shreerang Deshpande for reviewing my work and giving right advice as to what should or should not be there in the book. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my parents and my brother for supporting me.
Mahipalsinh Rana's stint with portal server technologies started in Sun Microsystems when he started working with Sun Portal Server 7.2. Later Sun became the technology partner of Liferay for development in 5.2.x and he was part of that team. He looked after Internationalization (I18n) and Localization (L10n) of Liferay across various modules. He then joined CIGNEX Technologies as a Liferay Technical Architect and executed more then 10 projects in various domains such as chemical, media, telecommunications. He also enjoys doing Liferay training from time-to-time being a certified trainer from Liferay. He loves exploring other technologies such as BigData and Internationalization (I18n). He has total seven years of Industrial experience.
Mahipal is a very good speaker and has given speeches at various conferences on technical topics. He also writes blogs (http://mahipalrana.blogspot.com/) occasionally and actively participates in the Liferay Community.
I would like to thank all my colleagues at CIGNEX for their help in various scenarios. I would also like thank Munwar Shariff – CTO, CIGNEX (My Mentor, My Guru) from whom learning never ends. I would like to thank Manish Sheladia – Co-founder and Chief Delivery Officer, CIGNEX – to believe in me and provide opportunity to write this book.
I sincerely thank and appreciate the entire team at Packt Publishing for providing continuous support during this project.
Last but not the least, I would like to thanks my parents for their encouragement. I would also like to give big thanks to my wife Nehal to give me company and tea during my writing hours and my daughter Priyanshi to sleep early in my writing hours.
About the Reviewers
Albert Coronado Calzada is a highly experienced Information Technology professional with more than 12 years of experience in Java EE, high performance web portals, and enterprise software solutions. Albert has studied Information Technology Engineering and has a Master in Economic and Financial Management of companies.
Albert is currently working as a freelance software developer, trainer, and consultant for international customers. Albert is an open source software contributor and has released different applications for Liferay and Android.
Albert lives in Girona(Spain) and maintains a blog at http://www.albertcoronado.com.
Aritz Galdos Otermin studied Computer Engineering at UPV / EHU (Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea) and Coventry University. Aritz has been working as programmer and software architect since 2005 and has specialized in portal development and deployment.
He is especially interested in open source and enjoys developing portlets and integration tools for Liferay with other open source projects, such as video conferencing tools and Android mobile platforms. He releases his developments in his personal projects page http://sareweb.net.
I want to thank every single person that has ever contributed to open source in any way.
Jordi Carbonell i Soler after more than eight years working with JEE technologies is currently a JEE Architect specialized in portal environments. His relation with Liferay started in 2007. Since then, he's been working on many Liferay-based portals along all of those projects' stages: from presales and conceptualization to development and installation; usually, integrating them with a wide range of third-party tools, such as Alfresco ECM, Atlassian products, or BPM Engines. Currently, he's working at IN2, one of the first Spanish IT companies who bet on Liferay and Alfresco as trending technologies.
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Robert Chen's Dedication:I would like to dedicate this book to my eldest sister Xinli Chen, who has always been supporting me behind the scene.
This book would not have been possible without your encouragement.
Thank you from the bottom of my heart.
Mahipalsinh Rana's Dedication:I would like to dedicate this book to my Late Grandfather Mr. Vishubha Rana ,who is my constant source of inspiration.
Preface
Liferay Portal is a leading horizontal portal product, written in Java. It has the power to provide the Intranets and Extranets of large corporations. Liferay will allow you to build your company's portal quickly, efficiently, and in a custom way to suit the needs of your corporation.
Liferay Beginner's Guide will show you how to set up your own site from scratch. Most books assume that you have knowledge of portals before working with Liferay and so include more theory than practice. However, only enthusiasm is required for reading this book as the step-by-step instructions, which follow the creation of a sample community site, will make it easy to install and configure Liferay, set up a Liferay Portal instance, and use the out-of-the-box portlets of Liferay.
By following the logical flow of the chapters and the creation of the sample site, you will set up your Liferay site in several quick and easy stages. You will start by installing Liferay in your application server or servlet container of choice. You will learn how to customize the look-and-feel of the portal, change the URL of the site, and create your own communities and organizations within the portal, then add users to them. By the end of the book, you will have a fully operational Liferay Portal and the confidence to maintain and customize it to meet your needs.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, Planning Your Portal, gives an overview of Liferay Portal– the most popular open source portal framework. It briefly talks about Liferay's features and its portlets.
Chapter 2, Installing a Liferay Portal Instance, teaches you how to deploy Liferay in various application servers from a basic servlet container to an enterprise application server.
Chapter 3, Understanding Portal Basics and Theming, talks about the portal basics and portlet concepts. It also discusses Liferay User interface and use of dockbar to navigate in Liferay. It instructs on how to do basic administration in Liferay using Control Panel and different options of the Control Panel. It provides basic idea about the theme as well.
Chapter 4, Tips and Tricks—Advanced Configuration, discloses Liferay's secrets for tweaking the default behavior of portal