Artesia 1875-1975
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these materials into a history. The images and words in this text come from Little s archives and the many friends and associates he had in this town over the years. Images of ranchos, farming, schools and homes, incorporation and consolidation, and of course, the Artesian wells for which the city was
named, document the early agricultural community that was Artesia.
Albert O. Little
The Bloomfields hope that readers will be inspired to add their own commentary to these pictures as they see them, to talk with friends and family about �the good old days,� and even get out their own family collection of pictures to share with loved ones. More than anything, they hope that this book will inspire you to celebrate your own history as we all celebrate the sweet, small town of Artesia.
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Artesia 1875-1975 - Albert O. Little
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PREFACE
In 1975, my grandfather edited a publication called The Artesians: How It Began One Hundred Years Ago. Four years later, he edited a second volume titled The Artesians: Twenty Years of Incorporation. For the purposes of these two publications, he gathered a great many photographs and considerable narrative material. It was his hope that one day he would be able to share his historical knowledge of this area and his love for the city with the rest of the community in a pictorial history. Sadly, while in the process of putting this text together, he passed away. There is nothing that would have made him more proud than to have seen this project be completed and made available to the residents of Artesia.
For the past several years, my parents and I have tried to honor his legacy of love and dedication by going through old pictures, talking about the faces and places that defined Artesia, and compiling these materials into a history.
History itself is a dynamic process that includes many people and experiences. This book is not the complete, definitive history of Artesia. It is my grandfather’s version, his rendition of how Artesia came to be. It would have been impossible for him or for us to represent every person’s memories and recollections of this city as it has developed. Rather, what we have hoped to do is create a kind of scrapbook. The pictures and words in this text come from my grandfather’s archives and the many friends and associates he had in this town over the years.
We hope that each of you will find a piece of yourself in the memories, stories, and pictures of this sweet, small town. It is our hope that each of you will be inspired to add your own commentary to these pictures as you see them; to talk with your friends and family about the good old days;
and even to get out your own family collection of pictures to share with your loved ones.
More than anything, we hope that this book will inspire you to celebrate your own history as we all CELEBRATE ARTESIA!
Veronica Elizabeth Bloomfield
December 8, 1999
Introduction
The area now known as California was occupied for hundreds of years by Native Americans. An estimated 300 different groups lived in California, each of which occupied its own region, spoke its own language, and had its own customs.
The Native Americans of California were hunter-gatherers who employed fishing techniques. They gathered food from the sea and nearby foothills. They hunted small animals and larger game such as antelope and deer. They lived in earth-covered plank houses. Men wore a skin folded around the hips, women a short skirt with an apron in front. The Native Americans of California participated in trading activities where currency was represented in the form of shells.
The religion of the Californians coincides with indigenous beliefs around the world. Rites of passage for birth, death, marriage, and puberty were observed by all. The shaman was the religious leader of the group. Shamans would perform ceremonies to heal the sick and to celebrate religious observances. California shamans were associated with the grizzly bear for its power to destroy enemies and return to life.
On September 28, 1542, Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, a Portuguese explorer, arrived in California from the west coast of Mexico. Another explorer, Sebastian Vizcaino, returned to California after reading Cabrillo’s notes in Mexico. On November 12, 1602, Vizcaino landed in San Diego and celebrated High Mass. The land was claimed for Spain. Spanish settlers came to California in 1769. Juniperro Serra, a Spanish friar, was one of these settlers who hoped to convert the natives. By 1770, two missions had been built—one in San Diego and one in Carmel.
The mission system in California was the most effective way to impose Spanish culture on the native people. The missions attempted to Christianize the natives, teaching them Spanish and the civilized
customs of Europe. The complete integration of the native population never took place. Instead of becoming true