The Inchon Landing: An Example Of Brilliant Generalship
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Colonel Robert O. Brunson
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The Inchon Landing - Colonel Robert O. Brunson
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Text originally published in 2003 under the same title.
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Publisher’s Note
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THE INCHON LANDING: AN EXAMPLE OF BRILLIANT GENERALSHIP
by
COLONEL ROBERT O. BRUNSON United States Army
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
THE INCHON LANDING 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
ABSTRACT 5
BACKGROUND 7
GEOGRAPHY OF KOREA 7
HISTORY OF KOREA—1905-1950 7
U.S.-KOREAN STRATEGIC SETTING 8
U.S. RESPONSE TO THE INVASION 9
THE COMMANDERS 10
GENERAL DOUGLAS A. MACARTHUR 11
MACARTHUR’S BRILLIANT GENERALSHIP AND MILITARY GENIUS 11
OTHER COMMANDERS 13
AN AMPHIBIOUS FLANKING MOVEMENT USING THE INDIRECT APPROACH 15
CONCEPT: THE THREE PLANS 16
INCHON ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 18
Disadvantages 18
Advantages 19
MACARTHUR’S UNIQUE PERSPECTIVE ON INCHON 20
OPERATION CHROMITE—THE INCHON LANDING 21
BUILD-UP 21
INFORMATION GATHERING 23
THE LANDING ITSELF 24
SUCCESSFUL CONCLUSION OF THE BATTLE 26
EVALUATION 27
WHAT WENT WRONG 27
WHAT WENT RIGHT 29
CONCLUSION 29
REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER 31
BIBLIOGRAPHY 32
ABSTRACT
The Inchon Landing’s success required a commander like General MacArthur who could gain the cooperation and coordination of the Army, Navy, Marine, and Air Force commanders, despite their belief that the Inchon Landing operation was very nearly impossible. Only these commanders, with their men, had the necessary experience in amphibious attacks under General MacArthur in the Pacific during World War II. The speed at which the forces were built up, the timely and accurate intelligence information gathered, and the brave and valiant execution of the plan by the soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines who successfully fought not just the enemy forces but also the natural characteristics of the landing site with its tides, seawalls, mud flats and monsoons; changed the very nature of the Korean conflict. The landing at Inchon cut the North Korean lines of communication, allowed the breakout of the Pusan Perimeter, and totally routed Communist forces on the brink of apparent victory. The amphibious landing at Inchon on 15 September 1950, with its flanking movement using the indirect approach, is truly an example of brilliant generalship and military genius.
THE INCHON LANDING:
AN EXAMPLE OF BRILLIANT GENERALSHIP
We shall land at Inchon, and I shall crush them.—General of the Army Douglas A MacArthur
A military genius takes a situation which is not working, envisions a unique plan everyone else believes is impossible, and makes it a successful operation. A review of the Inchon Landing operation will show that General Douglas A. MacArthur had the qualities of military genius and brilliant generalship which resulted in the operation’s success. From start to finish it [the Inchon Landing operation] was his idea; he made it work, and probably only he could have done so.
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The United Nations (U.N.) forces were in danger of being pushed into