Hepatorenal Syndrome: Causes, Tests, and Treatment Options

By Carla Davis

Hepatorenal syndrome is a complication of severe liver diseases causing impaired renal functions in cases of advanced liver cirrhosis and severe hepatic failure. This is a life-threatening medical disorder can affect individuals with cirrhosis whether due to advanced alcoholic hepatitis or other liver diseases. HRS usually occurs in cases when liver functions deteriorate caused by an acute injury such as bleeding in gastrointestinal tract, septic infection or overuse of diuretic medication. This life-threatening syndrome can usually be avoided, and is treatable in most cases. This must-have book is your guide to the essentials concerning the causes, tests and treatment options for hepatorenal syndrome.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Andale LLC
• Release date: Mar 11, 2012
• ISBN: 9781476125404

Book preview

Hepatorenal Syndrome: Causes, Tests and Treatment Options

Carla Davis, MA. Bryan Johansen, MD (Ed.)

Smashwords Edition

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Copyright 2012 Carla Davis, MA. Bryan Johansen, MD (Ed.)

Smashwords Edition, License Notes

This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

Contents

Hepatorenal syndrome

Causes and Risk Factors

What is Alcoholic Liver Disease?

Cirrhosis

Symptoms and signs of HRS

Ascites

Diagnosis and Tests

Ideal Treatment for HRS

Appendix A: Internet Resources / Further Reading

Hepatorenal syndrome

The human body is a system of interrelated organs and functions. Each organ, formed from cells and tissues, makes up the distinguished systems of the body. The action and connection of each part signifies life; every cell works for your sustenance and survival. If one part is in pain, your entire body will feel it. If one organ malfunctions, other organs may also suffer. This fact is well presented in a common functional disorder known as hepatorenal syndrome (HRS).

Hepatorenal syndrome links the development of renal failure in an advanced chronic liver disease. The association of these two illnesses must be drawn in order to fully understand this disorder. To prevent total organ failure, you must be knowledgeable of the variety of medical options and help available.

Overview

It was in the late 19th century when the first reports appeared of renal failure in an individual suffering from chronic liver diseases. Frerichs, the founder of modern liver pathology, first described the complications of liver disease and its relation to renal function disturbances. Together with Flint, they noted the presence of abnormally low production and excretion of urine in patients with cirrhosis and ascites, accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. In 1877, they reported that those patients with ascites or with abnormal accumulation of fluids in the abdominal cavity, experienced renal failure. In 1956, Hecker, Sherlock, Papper and Vessin clinically defined Hepatorenal syndrome as being associated with disorders of the cardiovascular system such as hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF). Murray Epstein specifically characterizes the increase in internal diameter of blood vessels of the abdominal organs and narrowing of the muscular wall of kidney vessels as key alterations in a patient with HRS. However, this disorder was first expressed as an acute renal failure that occurred in the progression in bile surgery.

What is Hepatorenal syndrome?

Hepatorenal syndrome is a complication of severe liver diseases causing impaired renal functions in cases of advanced liver cirrhosis and severe hepatic failure. This is a life-threatening medical disorder can affect individuals with cirrhosis whether due to advanced alcoholic hepatitis or other liver diseases. HRS usually occurs in cases when liver functions deteriorate caused by an acute injury such as bleeding in gastrointestinal tract, septic infection or overuse of diuretic medication. Studies reported that 40% of

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