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    Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280
    Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280
    Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280
    Ebook52 pages46 minutes

    Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280

    By F. E. L. Beal

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 15, 2013
    Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280

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      Book preview

      Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280 - F. E. L. Beal

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United

      States, by F. E. L. Beal

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States

      USDA Bulletin 280

      Author: F. E. L. Beal

      Release Date: October 11, 2010 [EBook #33935]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOOD HABITS OF THE THRUSHES ***

      Produced by Chris Curnow, Tom Cosmas, Joseph Cooper and

      the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

      http://www.pgdp.ne

      Transcriber's Notes

      The text presented is essentially that in the original printed document with the exception of some minor punctuation changes and the three typographical corrections detailed below. The original version also had two copies of the Table of Contents. The second copy which appeared on Page 1 was removed. Many of the tables which were presented in a two-column format and sometimes split between two pages were reformatted into one long table. The page markers were placed so that they matched up with whichever original item would place the page number in about the same relative position as the printed version.

      Typos

      UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

      BULLETIN No. 280

      Contribution from the Bureau of Biological Survey

      HENRY W. HENSHAW, Chief

      FOOD HABITS OF THE THRUSHES

      OF THE UNITED STATES

      By

      F. E. L. Beal

      , Assistant Biologist.

      CONTENTS.

      WASHINGTON

      GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

      1915

      FOOD HABITS OF THE THRUSHES OF THE

      UNITED STATES.

      By

      F. E. L. Beal

      , Assistant Biologist.

      INTRODUCTION.

      North American thrushes (Turdidæ) constitute a small but interesting group of birds, most of which are of retiring habits but noted as songsters. They consist of the birds commonly known as thrushes, robins, bluebirds, Townsend's solitaire, and the wheatears. The red-winged thrush of Europe (Turdus musicus) is accidental in Greenland, and the wheatears (Saxicola œnanthe subspp.) are rarely found in the Western Hemisphere except in Arctic America. Within the limits of the United States are 11 species of thrushes, of which the following 6 are discussed in this bulletin: Townsend's solitaire (Myadestes townsendi), the wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina), the veery and willow thrush (Hylocichla fuscescens subspp.), the gray-cheeked and Bicknell's thrushes (Hylocichla aliciæ subspp.), the olive-backed and russet-backed thrushes (Hylocichla ustulata subspp.), and the hermit thrushes (Hylocichla guttata subspp.). An account of the food habits of the 5 species of robins and bluebirds appeared in Department Bulletin No. 171.

      As a group thrushes are plainly colored and seem to be especially adapted to thickly settled rural districts, as the shyest of them, with the exception of the solitaire, do not require any greater seclusion than that afforded by an acre or two of woodland or swamp.

      The thrushes are largely insectivorous, and also are fond of spiders, myriapods, sowbugs, snails, and angleworms. The vegetable portion of their diet consists mostly of berries and other small fruits. As a family thrushes can not be called clean feeders, for the food eaten often contains a considerable proportion of such matter as dead leaves, stems, and other parts of more or less decayed vegetation. It might be supposed

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