Independent on Saturday

Hunting and gathering at Africa’s first city

digging for history

WHERE the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers meet, forming the modern border between Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe, lies a hill that hardly stands out from the rest.

One could easily pass it without realising its historical significance. It was on and around this hill that what appears to be southern Africa’s earliest state-level society and urban city, Mapungubwe, appeared about 800 years ago.

After nearly a century of research, we’ve learnt lot about this ancient kingdom and how it arose among early farmer society and its involvement in global trade

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