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MAC OS X: AN ACT OF DESPERATION THAT FORMED THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MODERN MAC

To understand the desperation Apple felt in the mid to late 1990s, look no further than to one particular T-shirt. On the front was a 3-D–rendered numeral eight; on the back, the words “Hands-On Experience” and a Mac OS 8 logo.

At Apple’s Worldwide Developer Conference in June 1996, many of us got to experience the future of the Mac for the first time. We got the T-shirt for test-driving Apple’s transformational new operating system, one that replaced the woefully out-of-date classic Mac OS with something that could compete with Microsoft. The operating system was nicknamed Copland and it never shipped. The “Hands-On Experience” shirts and an accompanying book, Mac OS 8 Revealed, were as good as it was ever going to get.

With its back against the wall and its internal software development failing, Apple was left, which shipped 20 years ago as of last month.

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