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Ancient Bones Offer Clues To How Long Ago Humans Cared For The Vulnerable

The field of bioarchaeology look to skeletons that are thousands of years old for insights into the nature of long ago societies.
A skeleton found in Vietnam, dubbed Burial 9, was discovered in 2007. A closer look at his bones led to a diagnosis of rare genetic syndrome that often leads to paralysis. "From the bones alone, we can say this person lived with a disease that required help from others to survive," says archaeologist Lorna Tilley, who helped uncover the 4,000-year-old remains.

Geneticists have discovered that a baby buried almost 4,000 years ago had the extra chromosome that causes Down syndrome by analyzing DNA preserved in his skeleton. Researchers say the finding, published Wednesday in the journal Nature, is the oldest confirmed case of Down syndrome.

Babies born with Down syndrome typically have distinctively-shaped eyes and skulls, which the authors of the paper suggest might have set him apart as an infant. Chemical analysis of his bones shows he was breastfed, and when he died at about six months old he was buried in a monumental, who led the new study.

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