In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin delves highly pathogenic H5N1 biology including its circulation in New York City, being able to infect cells within mammary glands and why testing is not supported before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, how vaccination reduced deaths and hospitalizations associated with COVID-19 and how to take off PPE to reduce virus transmission, discussing the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, a drug interaction database and the global phase 3 trail of a novel antiviral, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, reminisces about when available monoclonal antibody therapies were effective, and discusses muscle training/exercise for treatment of PASC/long COVID and the use of RNase for its treatment. For more information about long COVID-19 listen to TWiV 1088. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Clade 2.3.4.4b of highly pathogenic H5N1 in NYC (J Vi) Avian and human influenza A receptors in bovine mammary glands (bioRxiv) Where livestock infected with HPAI live (USDA) Another dairy worker contracted bird flu (NY Times) Reluctance to test for H5N1 (STAT News) COVID-19 national trend (CDC) COVID-19 deaths (CDC) Estimates of hospitalization and deaths prevaccination era (Emerg Inf Dis) Slightly less than half of COVID-19 patients died prevaccination (CIDRAP) How to undress in the time of COVID-19 (CID) Spring vaccineadvice (CIDRAP) Older adult spring booster available (CDC) Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC) Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC) EUA for pemgarda (FDA) CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC) Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov) NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH) Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety) Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool) Global phase 3 study of ensitrelvir (Shionogi) Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV) Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety) Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC) What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC) Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC) Remember when monoclonal antibody therapies worked (JID) Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID) Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org) Global clinical study of long COVID-19 (International Journal of Infecitous Diseases) Cardiopulmonary exercises testing of children with long COVID-19 (Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal) Phase 2 trial of RSVL-132 for severe fatigue related to PASC (CID) Muscle training may improve diaphragm muscle weakness 2 years after COVID-19 (American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Health) Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088) Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser Letters read on TWiV 1116 Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv