Study Guide Bava Kamma 48 Today's daf is sponsored by Suri Stern in loving memory of her grandmother Esther Davis on her yahrtzeit. "May she watch over her namesakes and continue to be a melitzat yosher for her family and all klal Yisrael."  Today's daf is sponsored by the Hadran Zoom family for the continued full and speedy recovery of Netanel Yaakov ben Yehudit Sara, who bravely and heroically defends Am Yisrael and Eretz Yisrael, בתוך שאר חולי ישראל. ה' עוז לעמו יתן, ה' יברך את עמו בשלום. If one brings in an animal or item to another's domain with permission and the owner accepts responsibility, does the responsibility include protecting from damage by someone else's animal that was trespassing or only from animals/items of the owner? Rava brings two other laws about related cases where the animal in another's field becomes a bor (pit) case and one more case where a person comes into another's property with/without permission and the owner attacks the other, is the owner liable for damages or not? The next case in the Mishna is analyzed - when the animal falls into a pit in the owner's property and contaminates the water or kills a person inside the pit. Exactly in what scenario is the water case - when the animal contaminates on the way down into the pit or after falling there? In the case of killing, the owner pays kofer, ransom. Three possible explanations are given to explain why one is obligated. 1. It must be a shur muad. 2. It can be a shor tam according to the opinion that a shor tam pays half the ransom (Rabbi Yosi haGelili). 3. It can be a shor tam, Rabbi Yosi haGelili, it can owe a ransom payment, and according to Rabbi Tarfon's opinion that goring in the owner's property always pays full damages and would therefore be liable to pay the full ransom.