Layer 2 zero knowledge roll-ups have initially been used for achieving private transactions on blockchains. However, past simple transfers, interacting with a public smart contract posed a serious challenge. As research and technology evolved, proof construction became much more efficient, enabling zk-powered scalability. There is a variety of pros and cons for each type of proof system, but given the impending rise of qunatum computers, we have witnessed a recent migration from SNARKs to STARKs. While the former relies on trusted setups, zk-STARKs are quantum-resistant.We were joined by Eli Ben-Sasson, co-founder of Starkware, to discuss Starknet's layer 2 architecture, as well as the upcoming update to Cairo 1.0 and how it will impact scalability performances for STARKs.Topics covered in this episode:Shifting from privacy to scalabilityZK roll-up taxonomy and main differences between SNARKs and STARKsWhy scalability is easier to implement than privacy solutionsConstructing proofs efficiently in CairoStarknet’s layer 2 architectureBuilt-in account abstractionVolition, data availability and trust assumptionsSequencer decentralisation and crypto regulationsStorage proofsCairo upgrades & TPSCouncil-based vs. DAO governanceFuture developmentsEpisode links:Eli Ben-Sasson on TwitterStarknet on TwitterThis episode is hosted by Friederike Ernst. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/502