In this episode, part four of four on a series on Greek philosophy, mathematics, and science in the 5th century BC, we describe the earliest astronomical observations and calculations in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt and their influence on ancient Greek astronomy; the various planets and star constellations found in Greek literature, as well as the origins of the Zodiac; the earliest Greek astronomical speculations of the universe found in Greek mythology (Homer and Hesiod) and in Pre-Socratic philosophy; the Pythagorean model of the universe put forward by Philolaus; and the astronomical calculations made by Oenopides and Meton Show Notes: http://www.thehistoryofancientgreece.com/2018/12/086-early-astronomy.html   Intro by Ahsan Irfan of the HistoryTeller podcast Website: https://historytellerpodcast.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/historyteller85/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/historyteller32    The History of Ancient Greece is sponsored by the CLNS Media Network and Today’s episode is brought to you by RobinHood. And the best part, Robinhood is giving my listeners a FREE stock to help build your portfolio! Sign up at www.greece.robinhood.com!