Mongol Art and Material Culture

By Oriental Publishing

These chapters provide a comprehensive exploration of Mongol art and material culture, covering various forms of artistic expression, architectural achievements, craftsmanship, and the symbolic language embedded in Mongol visual arts.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Oriental Publishing
• Release date: Feb 20, 2024
• ISBN: 9798224514137

Book preview

CONTENTS PAGE

Chapter 1: Nomadic Aesthetics: Art on the Steppes

Chapter 2: Gers and Portable Architecture

Chapter 3:  The Mongol Empire's Architectural Legacy

Chapter 4: Mongol Metalwork and Craftsmanship

Chapter 5: Visual Arts and Symbolism

Chapter 1: Nomadic Aesthetics: Art on the Steppes

The distinctive artistic expressions of the nomadic Mongols unfold as a rich tapestry woven across the vast steppes of Central Asia. Embedded in the nomadic way of life, Mongol art reflects the

interconnectedness of culture, spirituality, and the boundless landscapes that have shaped the nomadic journey. This exploration delves into the unique forms of artistic expression that have emerged from the nomadic traditions of the Mongols, encompassing visual arts, crafts, music, and storytelling.

Visual arts among the nomadic Mongols are characterized by a deep connection to nature, spirituality, and the practicalities of a mobile lifestyle. Traditional Mongol art finds expression in various forms,

including intricate textiles, ornate jewelry, and the vibrant hues of decorative objects. Nomadic

aesthetics often reflect the earthy tones of the steppes, with a palette inspired by the natural surroundings—browns, greens, and blues that mirror the vast grasslands, mountains, and sky.

One of the distinctive forms of Mongol visual art is found in the craftsmanship of traditional clothing. The elaborately embroidered deel, the traditional Mongolian robe, serves both functional and aesthetic purposes. Intricate patterns and symbols adorn the deel, conveying not only the artisan's skill but also layers of cultural and spiritual meaning. The motifs often include representations of the

natural world—animals, plants, and celestial symbols, reflecting the nomads' close relationship with their environment.

Nomadic jewelry is another facet of Mongol artistry, showcasing a mastery of metalwork and a keen eye for design. Silver and gold adornments, such as rings, earrings, and necklaces, feature intricate filigree patterns, often depicting animals and mythical creatures. These pieces serve as not only personal adornments but also cultural artifacts that embody the nomadic aesthetic and symbolize the wearer's connection to the land and its stories.

Nomadic craftsmanship extends to the creation of traditional felt and leather goods. Felt, made from the wool of Mongolian sheep, is used to craft a variety of items, including yurts (gers), clothing, and carpets. The intricate patterns and vibrant colors seen in felt products are a reflection of nomadic life's vibrancy and the artistic sensibilities passed down through generations. Leatherwork, used for crafting saddles, boots, and other functional items, also bears unique embellishments that echo the nomadic lifestyle.

The nomadic Mongols' affinity for functional beauty extends to their traditional dwellings, the yurts or gers. The intricate woodwork, colorful textiles, and symbolic designs adorning the interior of the yurt create a harmonious and aesthetically pleasing living space. The yurt itself is a mobile masterpiece, designed to withstand the challenges of nomadic life while embodying a timeless elegance that transcends practicality.

In addition to visual arts, the nomadic Mongols have a rich tradition of oral and musical expressions. The vast steppes serve as a natural amphitheater for throat singing, a distinctive form of vocalization that produces multiple tones simultaneously. Throat singing, or khoomei, reflects the nomads' deep connection to the vast landscapes, echoing the winds, rivers, and animals of the steppes. The unique vocal techniques of throat singing create a soundscape that is both evocative and spiritually resonant.

Nomadic music extends beyond throat singing to include traditional instruments such as the morin khuur, a two-stringed horsehead fiddle. The morin khuur, adorned with horsehead carvings, embodies the nomadic spirit and serves as a symbol of Mongol identity. The melodies produced by the morin khuur often tell stories of nomadic life, heroic deeds, and the sublime beauty of the