Total Security Management: (A Treatise on Corporate and Industrial Security)

By Pradeep Bajaj

This book is the ultimate treatise for the Security professionals up to senior
manager level. It has been aligned with Private Security Agencies (Regulation)
Act-2005, Model Rules thereof, and National Occupation Standards for FOUR
out of EIGHT Job Roles as identified Indian Sector Skill Council. These job
roles comply with the NSQF guidelines, as such listed in National Qualification
Register. These job roles are: -

(a) MEPQ7101: Unarmed Security Guard
(b) MEPQ7102: Armed Security Guard
(c) MEPQ7103: Personal Security Officer
(d) MEPQ7201: Security Supervisor

Consolidation of the four job roles was possible due to many a common elements
and Occupation Standards. The resultant product is economical and makes it
suitable for the security staff employed in these four job roles.
The book packs requisite knowledge and experience for Senior Managers/
Supervisors to manage/ supervise and mentor their staff, and Trainers to learn
and train. The National Occupation Standards and legal aspects having a bearing
on the private security sector have been the focus during development of its
unique discourse.

The book covers the training needs of approx. 75% of the personnel employed in
Commercial and Industrial Security Sector. Performance Criteria and Knowledge
Elements in the Qualification Pack and KLOs in Model Curriculums are global
in nature, as such, as relevant globally, with exception of statutory aspects.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Partridge Publishing Singapore
• Release date: Oct 18, 2022
• ISBN: 9781543755428

Pradeep Bajaj

This book is the ultimate treatise for the Security professionals up to senior manager level. It has been aligned with Private Security Agencies (Regulation) Act-2005, Model Rules thereof, and National Occupation Standards for FOUR out of EIGHT Job Roles as identified Indian Sector Skill Council. These job roles comply with the NSQF guidelines, as such listed in National Qualification Register. These job roles are: - (a) MEPQ7101: Unarmed Security Guard (b) MEPQ7102: Armed Security Guard (c) MEPQ7103: Personal Security Officer (d) MEPQ7201: Security Supervisor Consolidation of the four job roles was possible due to many a common elements and Occupation Standards. The resultant product is economical and makes it suitable for the security staff employed in these four job roles. The book packs requisite knowledge and experience for Senior Managers/ Supervisors to manage/ supervise and mentor their staff, and Trainers to learn and train. The National Occupation Standards and legal aspects having a bearing on the private security sector have been the focus during development of its unique discourse. The book covers the training needs of approx. 75% of the personnel employed in Commercial and Industrial Security Sector. Performance Criteria and Knowledge Elements in the Qualification Pack and KLOs in Model Curriculums are global in nature, as such, as relevant globally, with exception of statutory aspects.

Book preview

TOTAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT

(A TREATISE ON CORPORATE AND INDUSTRIAL SECURITY)

PRADEEP BAJAJ

79839.png

Copyright © 2022 by Col Pradeep Bajaj (Retd), Professional Skill Management Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or by any information storage retrieval system without the written permission of the author except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.

Because of the dynamic nature of the Internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them.

Col Pradeep Bajaj (Retd), Professional Skill Management Inc

Main Office:

G-2, Sector-25,Jalvayu Vihar,

Noida-202301 (UP), India

www.partridgepublishing.com/singapore

CONTENTS

Acknowledgement

Preface

Foreword

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This handbook is a result of the long-standing experience in the Army, followed the experience in the field of industrial security from 1998 to 2017. I acknowledge the support of the following during my journey in my life work, in chronological order

(a) Lt Col Prithvi Raj Bajaj (Retd), CMD, GI Security, for exposure to vocational training in 1998,

(b) Mr C Pal Singh, Former IG Police, For effective influence in the field of skilling.

(c) Capt (Ex) Pawanjit, CMD of Premier Shield Group, for providing a platform for practical experience in Corporate and Industrial Security, as also enabling experience gathered in content development.

(d) Kunwar Vikram Singh, Chairman CAPSI, for consolidation of the skill development in the Security Industry in India.

(e) Mr BR Lohia, Chairman Eagle Hunter Service Ltd., enabling exposure to skill ecosystem under Ministry of Rural Development.

Finally, I am full of gratitude to Suman, my everlasting beloved, and our children, Shweta and Rahul. They quietly went about their business, even as I may have ignored them in pursuit of academics, and my reticent ways.

Col Pradeep Bajaj (Veteran), Professional Skill Management Inc,

PREFACE

Commercial and Industrial security has long been part of the informal economy in India; as such the same has developed in unregulated and unstructured manner. Promulgation of PSAR Act – 2005, and Model Rules thereof have enabled regulating as well as structuring of the security industry.

Security Sector Skill Development Council, later MEPSC, have so far developed NOS’ for eight job roles in this sector. A study of the NOS brings out common elements through different job roles, thereby making it possible to prepare a combined Student Handbook. In addition to being applicable to four Job Roles (USG, ASG, PSO, and SS), this Handbook is useful to the Senior level professionals/ Managers to learn as well as supervise and train the staff working under them. The content has been carefully merged and indexed for easy reference and traceability.

Besides, in addition to ‘Must Know’, I have added ‘Should Know’ to enable readiness for higher designations and ‘Could Know" to enable Managers to manage/ supervise and Trainers to train the staff in the organisation.

The reader shall find the leadership and management, and the legal aspects having a bearing on the private security, of a great value.

Towards this end, during the development of this hand book, I have kept in mind overall human resource development in security sector. I am convinced that the content shall benefit the security staff and professionals immensely.

Col Pradeep Bajaj (Veteran), Professional Skill Management Inc,

FOREWORD

Security awareness, perhaps, is one of the oldest concepts which have evolved with the evolution of society. The concept went on fluctuating and evolving with the passage of time. Whenever there is an importance of any field of activity in a society, such an activity develops so as to bring in more expertise and professionalism in it.

Private Security is an important and crucial activity of society as the Safety of any country is supported and supplemented by the Private Security Sector. The Security Guards and Middle level Security Officers in the Private Security Industry are mostly responsible for protecting important institutions, vital installations and critical infrastructure.

Col Pradeep has studied in depth the various Training modules already available and has also relied on his vast practical experience to write this book. He is one of those individuals who believe that regular basic as well as orientation training is a must, for this sector. He has stated in the introduction that this book is the ultimate treatise for the Security professionals and employees up to Higher Middle level and has abundantly fulfilled this aim.

While writing this book he has kept in view the relevant provisions of PSARA (Private Security Agency (Regulation) Act, 2005) and the connected Rules. He has also aligned the Training modules in his book with the National Occupational Standards and as enunciated by the Security Sector Skill council (India).

I found that one of the strengths of the book is the coverage of the legal aspects, which will have any bearing on the functions of the private security. The book can be described as Made Easy Edition on the important legal provisions comprehensively covering the statutory aspects as required under PSAR Act Model Rules, and how they concern the duties performed by Private Security personnel.

In the wake of increasing Terrorism, developing organized criminal gangs and the difficulty of the Govt. Law enforcement agencies to curb their nefarious activities due to shortage of resources, there is active consideration to provide Arms to the Private Security personnel. Author has added valuable contents regarding - Licenses required for the Firearms under Section 3 of the Arms Act, legal implications in handling weapons and Firearms. The author has also given details about defensive driving which is compulsory for those who are driving armoured vehicles.

During rapid reading of the book, I was amazed and impressed that the author has also referred to important provisions of various other Acts applicable to the Private Security Industry like Workmen’s/ Employee Compensation Act, Factory Act, Daily wages Act, Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1952.

The author being an Ex-Army officer realizes the importance of Leadership and Management qualities. He has devoted a part of the book to give important details of Leadership and Management qualities. Some important characteristics of an effective Leader like courtesy, effective Communication, quick response have also been elaborated in this book.

I am of the view that after grasping the contents of the book the Middle level managers can rightfully aspire for higher posts in the hierarchy of the Private Security Industry. All other individuals striving to get knowledge of the Security Training program in the Private Security Industry shall find this book extremely useful.

This book abundantly meets the need of Private Security Industry up to Middle level managers. I recommend this Book to be kept in the libraries of the institutions dealing with Private Security Training, the Private Security groups providing manpower, other institutions, organizations and associations concerned with the Private Security Industry in this country.

C Pal Singh, Former IG police, PPM, IPM,

ACRONYMS/ ABBREVIATIONS

MODULE – I – SECURITY: BACKGROUND

AND BASIC TASKS

Introduction

Since the beginning of human existence, man has been devising various methods to protect himself and his possessions. At the commencement of Industrialization in 18th century, people started migrating to industrial/ urban areas, in large scale for wealth and jobs. The influx created slums, unhygienic conditions, poverty and consequently the crime. For security, people were used as watchmen, cops (Civilian on Patrol), constables, etc., and provision of locks, secure windows and doors, and alarms against burglary.

In India, the concept of security services and agencies seemed to have picked up in end seventies and beginning of eighties. 04 Dec 2009 has been approved by the Govt of India as the Private Security Day.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, you shall be able to: -

(a) Understand Risks, Threats, Hazards/ Disasters and

(b) Discuss about security organisations

(c) Learn about emergencies

(d) Explain about Private Security Sector

(e) Know weapons and firearms with police and public

(f) Have knowledge of Improvised explosive devices

(g) Discuss the badges of rank/ insignia of military and police ranks

Risks and threats to society and corporate

With the deteriorating security situations worldwide, requirement of security assets has been felt to be universal. With increasing industrial and business activity, in urban as well as rural areas, the crime and other threats have increased, as such requiring innovations in security solutions, as well as increased resources and as such require greater security resources. Some of the threats to the industry and society are: -

(a) Loss due thefts and robberies

(b) Loss due to theft pilferage, fraud and mischief

(c) Damage due to Fire, sabotage

(d) Offense against personnel, such as assault, kidnapping, eve teasing and molestation

(e) Unauthorised entry and trespass

(f) Loitering and littering, work place violence and drunken behaviour

(g) Labour unrest, Strikes, agitations, and riots

(h) Industrial espionage

(i) Industrial accidents/ outbreak of fire, manmade or technical omissions/ commissions

(j) Terrorist Activities and Natural Calamities

Private Security Agency (Regulation) Act-2005 (PSARA)

The security agencies/ companies were brought under regulations with passage of PSAR Act in 2005. It brought private security under the state home departments. Every organisation which desires to do business of providing security services is required to obtain license under this act. It generally lays down regulations for verification of the personnel running the agencies, as well as those employed in it. It further lays down the guidelines/ provisions as to conduct, training, identity cards, uniforms and certain documents/ records required to be maintained. The process for this has been laid down in Rules prepared at state levels. These are based on the model rules prepared by the Home Ministry, initially in 2006, and updated vide its 2020 version.

Private Security essentially addresses the gaps in security/ specific security threats in business, industry and in the society. As such you, as security staff become a part of the overall law and order function. Private Security industry is controlled by Home Department in states. Accordingly, when called upon to assist them directly, PSS are required to follow their directions as laid down law of the land.

Importance of Security for Society, Institutions and Corporate

With increasing infrastructure and asset development and deteriorating law and order, the security situation on the society as well as industry/ business has threats from within the society. As law and order/ police resources are increasingly being deployed to address other priority law and order threats, it becomes imperative for the society and industry to engage private resources to ensure smooth functioning and peaceful environment. Private Security Services, provide certain order and requisite secure environment, essentially in urban and industrial areas through various security operations.

Organisations Dealing with Security

In our country we have security forces dealing with external and internal threats, as well as, law and order situations. External threats are addressed by armed forces (Army, Navy and Air Force) during the war, and paramilitary forces, such as BSF, ITBP, Assam Rifles, and Coast Guards, which manage our international borders during peace time.

Internal threats are generally addressed by Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) and Central Reserve Police (CRP), and internal law and order is the responsibility of the Civil Police. The external and internal threats are the responsibility of the central government, and law and order are state subjects and are addressed by State Police.

Organisation of Private Security Sector

Generally, the security organization will vary as per the size and functioning of an industry. However, under normal pattern of functioning the security organization should consist of security manager/officer or in a large organization a director of security or Chief Security Officer could be the head of industrial security.

More than one security Manager/Officer will only be employed if department is headed by Director or Chief Security Officer, otherwise only one Security Manager/Officer will suffice for efficient functioning. Most of the organizations have their security outsourced on contract. The contracted staff, based on the organization of the client, report either to the security staff (Director/ Manager Security/ Security Officer), and where no such dedicated security staff has been employed, they report to the Admin/ HR Manager. Security of an organisation is formulated based on four functions as under: -

(a) Prevention. This is done by following well formulated security processes, such as accounting of assets/ property, access control, locks, and secure doors and windows.

(b) Protection. Generally carried out by point/ site deployments and patrolling. The very presence is deterrent to the criminal activities.

(c) Detection. Keeping a sharp eye on the assets and activities of the personnel, through the Security Guards or CCTV coverage.

(d) Intervention. This can be done by physical intervention, such as Quick Reaction Teams, however, all within the laws, or obtaining support/ intervention of local Police.

Security organisations for any facility will be a need based, nevertheless one such suggested organization should be as under: -

Document1-2.jpg

Figure 1 - Organisation of Private Security Sector

Note: More often than not, the staffs shown with red background is employed on contract.

Role of Security in Private Sector

Role of security in an organization is Asset protection and loss prevention. Basically, the security is required to provide a safe and secure environment to the company and its personnel to carry out their core business. Its role is to provide the client/ facility concerned the following: -

(a) Physical Security. For the immoveable assets in a business/ industry/ institution.

(b) Material Security. For the moveable assets (Stores, spares, tools and components), whether in an organisation, or during transportation/ movement.

(c) Personnel Security. For the security of the personnel. Executive protection and escorts for buses etc will also come under this head.

(d) Information Security. Industries and business organisations have a large cache of proprietary information. Such information is required to be secured.

Emergencies/ Disasters

In addition are the emergency situations/ crisis which could be natural or manmade. Natural threats are the nature’s fury, such as floods, tsunami in coastal areas, earthquakes, hurricanes and cloud burst. Manmade accidents can be from industrial accidents, attacks by terrorists and possible bomb/ IED threats. Disaster Management/ Business Recovery plans, are prepared by the organisations to address these functions also all the organisations should have certain Immediate Action Drills (IADs) to address such crisis situations. You will need to know these IADs in order to function effectively in an emergency. Here are a few examples of IADs: -

(a) IAD when threatened with a bomb

(b) IAD after discovering a bomb; and

(c) IAD on outbreak of fire;

(d) IAD in case of a vehicle/ industrial accident.

(e) IAD in case of gas leak.

(f) IAD in case of theft/ robbery/ workplace violence

While patrolling, you may come across an occurrence, incident or situation that will need immediate action. The security staff can deal with smaller or less complicated incidents, without seeking the approval of a senior member of staff as long as correct procedures are followed. When dealing with complex problems, such as an emergency or the evacuation of a site, a higher level of authority will be required. Detailed process is covered under Module 3 (Basic Security)

However, some situations such as the discovery of a fire will demand immediate action without seeking authority. In such an occurrence, the security staffs should: -

(a) Contact emergency services if required

(b) Contact security control/ management using radio/ mobile/ telephone and follow their advice

(c) Seek backup from colleagues using radio/ mobile or telephone

(d) Always remain calm and reassure others.

Different Types of Arms in Use in Public and Police

Various weapons and fire arms we can see are Gun, rifle, pistol, revolver, and carbine 9 mm with the police. Some of these and 12 Bore single or double-barrel guns may also be seen in possession of civilians, when licensed to do so. Saboteurs and criminal elements may also be seen to be carrying Knife, sword, spear, baton, or lathi. Armed Forces, Para Military Forces and Police, are generally be 7.62 Self Loading and carbines and Pistol and Carbine 9 mm bore. The rifles have now been upgraded to 5.56 INSAS Assault Rifles or AK 47.

Small Arms with Armed Forces, Para Military Forces and Police

(a) ISAS 5.56, Assault Rifle See. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INSAS_rifle; extracted on 15 Dec 2021

(b) AK 47 Assault Rifle See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AK-47; extracted on 15 Dec 2021

(c) .32 Pistol See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordnance_Factory_Board; extracted on 15 Dec 2021

(d) .32 Revolver https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Ordnance_Factories_.32_Revolver; extracted on 15 Dec 2021

(e) Small arms in armed forces can also be seen in wikipedia link https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army, extracted on 4 May 2022

Small Arms seen with Public duly licensed by the State Government

(f) Single barrel 12 Bore Gun. See https://sarhadi.in/product/shaktiman-12-bore-single-barrel/; extracted on 15 Dec 2021

(g) Single Barrel Pump Action Shotgun/ Single Barrel Gun. This is specially designed by the Indian Ordnance Factories for personal security for the industria; security guards. It can carry 4 rounds at a time. See http://ddpdoo.gov.in/product/products/product-details/12-bore-pump-action-gun-nylon-butt-, extracted on 4 May 2022

Description As the objective of all the weapons is the same, i.e., to fire a shot, they have following major components/ parts: -

(a) Butt, gives the support at the shoulder and pistol grip for operating the trigger

(b) Firing pin (in breach block) Trigger and trigger guard

(c) Magazine and magazine catch

(d) Bolt/ breach block, and piston – ejects the fired cartridge, and loads fresh round

(e) Foresight and back sight for aiming

(f) Barrel, with chamber in the rear and the muzzle end, with wooden barrel grip.

The personal weapons, which have rifling (concentric groove to guide and stabilise the flight of round/ bullet is called a rifle. Rifling can also be found in weapons of the higher calibres.

Maintenance and Checking

The following actions should be taken for the maintenance of the small arms: -

(a) The rifle should be kept clean from outside as well as inside

(b) Wooden parts and cleaned with dry cloth and polished with linseed oil

(c) Moving parts are dismantled, cleaned, oiled with thin coat, and re-assembled

(d) Check that the moving parts are not fouling, corroded or scratched

(e) Clean the firing pin

(f) Check the pressure of the firing pin spring by pressing the firing pin

(g) Check safety catch, piston and breach block and see that it is not bent/ damaged

(h) Barrels are cleaned from inside with chindi (flannelette) fixed to pull-though, and oiled with oil chindi with thin coat.

(i) Examine the barrel from muzzle end to see cleanliness, and see that there is no obstruction.

(j) When not on duty, keep the barrel end blocked with chindi, and mechanism covered with cloth, to keep the dust away.

Safety Measures

Following precautions shall be taken while handling small arms while on duty: -

(a) When on duty, chain the arm, safely with belt

(b) Don’t use trigger guard to chain the weapon, the chain may pull the trigger accidentally

(c) Keep safety catch on ‘safe’

(d) Keep the correct count of the cartridges/ bullets and keep them in safe location on your body/ pouch

(e) Ensure that the pouch is closed

(f) Proper count

Reviews for Total Security Management

[Pradeep Bajaj · Rating: 5 out of 5 stars]

Fundamentally the book covers more that half of the content required for professionals in Security Industry, and specifically to the four approved Job Roles (Qualification Packs) in Indian Security Industry. These Job Roles are listed on the NQR (national Qualification Register) in India are for Security Guard, Armed Security Guard, PSO and Supervisor in this profession. It should benefit institutionalised training providers/ security companies.

The content also enables progressive training up to Assistant Security Managers. What enables this, is coverage under the PSAR Act-2005, and all the legal aspects having any bearing on the industrial and business security as a profession.

The secret of combining the content was commonality of a substantial number of Occupational Standards.