Discover millions of ebooks, audiobooks, and so much more with a free trial

Only $11.99/month after trial. Cancel anytime.

Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America
Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America
Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America
Ebook828 pages19 hours

Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America

Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

3.5/5

()

Read preview

About this ebook

This groundbreaking historical study reveals the shocking infiltration of Soviet spies in America—and the top-secret cryptography program that caught them.

Only in 1995 did the United States government officially reveal the existence of the super-secret Venona Project. For nearly fifty years American intelligence agents had been decoding thousands of Soviet messages, uncovering an enormous range of espionage activities carried out against the United States during World War II by its own allies. This extraordinary book is the first to examine the Venona messages—documents of unparalleled importance for our understanding of the history and politics of the Stalin era and the early Cold War years.

Hidden in a former girls’ school in the late 1940s, Venona Project cryptanalysts, linguists, and mathematicians attempted to decode thousands of intercepted Soviet intelligence telegrams. When they cracked the Soviet code, analysts uncovered information of powerful significance: the first indication of Julius Rosenberg’s espionage efforts; references to the espionage activities of Alger Hiss; proof of Soviet infiltration of the Manhattan Project; evidence that spies had reached the highest levels of the U.S. State and Treasury Departments; indications that more than three hundred Americans had assisted in the Soviet theft of American secrets; and confirmation that the Communist party of the United States was consciously and willingly involved in Soviet espionage against America.

Drawing not only on the Venona papers but also on newly opened Russian and U. S. archives, John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr provide the most rigorously documented analysis ever written on Soviet espionage in the early Cold War years.

LanguageEnglish
Release dateApr 10, 1999
ISBN9780300129878
Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America

Related to Venona

Related ebooks

Wars & Military For You

View More

Related articles

Related categories

Reviews for Venona

Rating: 3.7 out of 5 stars
3.5/5

10 ratings0 reviews

What did you think?

Tap to rate

Review must be at least 10 words

    Book preview

    Venona - John Earl Haynes

    sebook_preview_excerpt.htmlےג%+a0F!ԕLg7x&U@(P\2 =UC'[[tk/_$uʺ"կ˗oz6/"4m_oE>_g߼x}_xZuYo,Yw(:YYg-WZ\^SQTU}#!neU\dˡϮȱfy竫ͮ\e9be}d,OO,m.\ec]:wP~]Tz˱٪Wg+ 603Y3r畼#rϊοv}OeCok {'rmnW޶2.ŦS^aXI˺~XI7^57z(=zaO8]MuWMS>U.'Ev .c47\e [-8[&٤‡Q\Wr 1,n.\xs`[9n2^.+IW/xg/xzN_~dm&o^Nl~>;]ϝI|l9-vEaCMҫK'z~y.j g*])q'ygoE:M[:,R.OֲEY+5.ȇ?;+uQ;~jvܜZ`ey ^rEr0pu?>{=nJ6}cH qrm? +Bi=dbC oe3'DQyGo/=67ネOFi4NYV{T{opMqU"˻ X?=[/^f~ʱ?y:{v^??m@ sv\vu"/ec1;>iǶ5lyz<oa:9Еﱥ|>1!v_$fDBW=)6`)mH1gβ8ʼn?} !eJ{pEOz/ Q|\?n) $'wA,麻 EqoZWwI&m9' ʗx>6w%.nZB u`9fX @ϋ=Z5 -~Us>\ɳ~޶y*0?/.l5eӵbWUsӅZdƅ;|wWQ6#mOKl^'^z]|ٽ/;7?v[8Ѫ{N-A^KhhWrZQ .lcF ?"a/m_g&ɯߙyWb8_pom~g~4YHndEtv{~?U@|ߜ7bD Wg=_?L7/~pUv簼:ά_t՘y yr(vv~Clffd_g_e_f_|4eX: ߓ/XK/9Oh xEw/ĽGFKH}zh̽}ӗWv$NRke_a+*ջQh^&Av)O' ڷ"hie/rSFmnyuX`/F$E)6f~fՆ}@(x3* F. 9/ Ggoh6⼬Zwy8]! {  m"O ~ |YOM&.{nadw ˢ>n -؛D^<Y]> ힺHyOOPtV1 s9ٌUpGqN)| F&_6 ؋M!Bfg2`9E8P)񌽛nVpƫ]aH%"ncܜr5Tbi)d޴+:$HVϹ|M_8yT:4(}((FěµwMA/VC 9k+Yc ߃֝xDZct}CTV'n(U>ic2*ڶtՃo_W1oU?~S_daxdpCM_cwa(X,.VquDp9k7 lylyE+;qt1_l"ԧr)En˫]r\28WlѶojE6"_Xd?B,GmQ8~2AUo_~uLxQ~qq\d…򘫅Wrg GYF$j$mn­8"*_x97mHFL2ߋtz}EMӹ(aCшWv2k  ,WgK~sݥ.?2NSZ;:^1 OYW[b?[{HU^42Cy(E~X &\SD\|_ A q:";{ɇVNʦ8iw1,?Gxv3.nü . []#o *:yŲQf6{9b'ȶř[?M h冬F)DH-Q1ʎ%)?Ztc*i¼jUsA8ȦAYo~a P%{pT`:Ws4M^8}@;‡6m9'c[xeg\"A !zԊ]`Q`M%0"ָr;8ޒcuS_|XrW^="M LmoKPcfs`"Vkd¶fߍMDlBIFMԦk7GM ]ޕz#y#bx]"I{a1fo,Z1ͽNU3~LUXZ !Ov"$ $X]x8Agw0*ș 9Yfg~{_HMrgyEn35WѪ3An}|}y!'<^橗VqT L*.V6>Hf+QW]ʌer 4 Kvᮨ?Ҁ,ȁ(bz~y$:gcI DJp1D_xj[;l['ݸeYCHih"PyAq#Z.P~]WW!` 6W&.  E;_6Z*&|/ʠ />Y`UCFQnȣk|Z.Lهqc٪M7i#۾ݑM :8[*2nKLfZa~dumWݪ}z9l=]K,ceï8&?3{ ';glJ zLcoz)w8@ϸqRlDx`a]~$A,#cT_\7@HBK!έjgwZ ߡ_NC70G`$a(M1އ-%#z{xO2i&q^^|ui߫}sS[;"F1=!@)\"=5 unܯY$/d&ݓY<2su0bz3ۚ4f4\rpUnkǑ>[Qk~CaO)#4sraj'DGd#Jx\/g-Lࡎf"Nݘfk=^_<<̻Xu#FkvAJ('<;#cnG $2w~,iDfRɟ'rӷW rs~0/(\(a"VgE*~t^خ97`:XͫvOVnuXyl`-78H{"aY/9ѩ&\횦aǏ[ϸ5XYs 13F =Ba]O쉼6s=]U!(Y]dZGK+<|]fĦǢ5*Ieb`wmŭ/?qYHٲITJ&|^`HQw[pzN?[9 ݘ=I>$ĢXsL9D4[-Z ~%JSk…*-0UzJ4#\CaT/Y_fUUmhV4.8{WM[k! WLPlN/?b]tm4_W\v2r+oDkE,_]5 m/ lʉXu'#~yTkdXUYf=L6ڵ@\ĬCԾc\1;"#F @9+Ӫp,<BX̪?sk,j*fd q٦/0?5_D(__}q:>I尌q;/j>pIiO']=^~WlKp:Lq87Oߜf"#:<}Ց/q2"B1Juyk_1Qny4?گ&@u[$F @D;1 VA"(npzJ-}]%@H=y2)oH Q._RkcbBݻ5NT&?t#h1U-sdvwHԩLI; #!toOf ݿ=e5~!_әJis?|ݛ>yGϲwo.fd ;<̍ QbZf])0@/(fck CtM~ M/:"i^k򛜦9; dyM'%,}C]B4vqP@ث 2]E;>c4ӏJ:N&8LHQek$%ZPY+o,ҷTMvYlsW̷LOid93KYoH;9(%$c(ulʪ긭J,wZYi)Gz"FџA0k@?f@ YQXSoIz?ɒ8Z 8fFr0);C{) ݘB%dHwlghCp5lNt&D :/t3~ksOe%e] ~<Ca T|* p L3?t&E (f+*1e=X5 qI9,bm]Ya=[oV[OS+Z^sp%0B)lP!gWZnbYvMCoՌ= spľIzfa"įp#~ M XhUiXM-B@ub p5 k:?jHD/,4$,Ûx" Ѡ9+`s%(@[#P(&UԁTS2jPQ.aG3+XpAgӠ@CD1VB,Ϋ:đG A){6_-5.#o rwŋq2쎚6F&^TLC}TgUV 4*o➞Vu!7L{;e5N:՞XLaeՏSse'U4rn zqjmQY!J܏{bxW:ۋ "o׬a̲BC o-#;jmc";N5^Zi,4Ы$P9l](V0?۵ͱ9kD4(Ǭ8tWò\U5_]g8:ʎzNb/jA@>a9f0,Kq,bi`"tvnv/ ²,Y:|3RIk΋2ǒO!Uz_[ |ԛowUV0;A V`MQ o5̃ɏ-/#nvaF*A'O/29o4,{#cҨ)p{E*4t&y o\Ÿ˪zEF}šUGo8G k܊߆U{dOQ"(r^#+5|Hp*!v^)Ob˄}ybr~J(5fS꤇g7Lwr\;56F (F%qVk2`6Yٖ%|%k{=U(Es.pJ=]^0ߒvA,]y8)SmPy#ᢣ\qgMj RLn1R'TO鷠MTPjGc" a*7G$*ڈ~}wgYH9tjZ(6vam1)tzp^oR d^?M-KPQּ'Q`Q>*b=Yy_x fiR!ƚg h;0a_o" m1:zR8&ۯ4e0<)Nm1hçIf(} W᧗w*\%(VIb+Z ػ8`P$ZR4ypFeR B$KK@$.{.-^u;Yˑ+ɲ/ /wMOXSK++i!!ơG* օ!Qq3òXv{ 8sˣW0I6eZ=X.p,6( *fTA&fںE~1>2v‘ s|? Š7G=ģgDŽA^,ta/RFTa7դm,Zz+t>ʻ^UxD0/y@>s˚çGc'S;cR ->S4 4@z#ϞXmThvt-ћieǍ}DeD)>=4RPˬ1Aι(X_kXW/Z2~cTptQ btSTRfskcI ;ƔǷ6f:N c9$E-Ĵ_cqx%[d},DŽ`bF^k$92e5Ktz^]VYԥo1kwtYY8Mn2U%j(s7;0X z[SLym`e{DJA0O4MHq旊8Xx<ViMd!]+*i@ 4pch*(qbG 4edQ${M%{y sY3*auYk]0gicWJohh<WgqըO2{Ȓ(kHWI Q}TxQˠyG'5H҇A b2`9ױ֘wDl!(]"y)I :^XxBrK;R~ U'b7vU0F]c =^0i ҃=N<#s*2#: qJC`Թ+,A*ѢtE 1jx߲GdyRI kq>آ^O_onsSNrHt [rhUnz'gQ_jXx# S  !1^1YU,4P&*'lHy痆'`9>%G2Ghyxo(R^"=Lǂ{S_Z'MG8w%Bvb2Ȅ}2޽"nWL^ 8@LG("4Bߤ(S˽"A6* _93=F+}F`*a3۰ZPۧ󼹇Cr-m<v@jy-Qki:Â"j E1kg ^փg% Ghv,|o$t,s# wIy|oOGD>I;XbMZE?aXy⮅|yQ cU%mv7<1*')5(q_MU8D{Mz Z_7*& .ݠOnw7G13St1HЍQf2ԊVvbG3ݏ_JG4AZ\aG9@BSY#fw^dH]snr%+HDcmndY 3Dٟ$% &w!<3x\ehEwEŒ_K9r'uA0vX(nV'Ȉb7Y8Ê\mPx"Cwl?Be,ن=77UW1 ]fī\*圶QZ<")FԂ@Hg ! GtBI濷áqQ)seRw;.[}be܆XSꄆQO&X 8&E9TRs*@F=?y9 I~Cvrm7EWþFV}ܨ3T=t<9zKBvlI-v`38;>ɿ+\0*Hi9vz8YU y9S#O>rS\FK;#\bj r `&r-׼I[m4TF?X5e2s-+؂3gnI*IEot}4FgV>d#b/1oÔZEt&/ywn|OV:2lӴLfduA9{D$w_߮ xٻ쾑*6{ɛ_f.օ';h ݷ쉜(G@ZM%/ڽQKcJ#LlDWu(OlާIK(FTf"${h; X vVRepDba 6g l"mU6E޺oA{c)[(wȝN 9:I4>n,C f ߣܮK=,NՖ dOE|/]9UÑQsi×Ѧחp $"2`ezi ]`gbl>/Sse׸|'Co ):3bps"O.KO7m,k/r}Yvň‚*i1͖E \;(Hv~f1ޔ\3бX' .-u$E #=jӜQ>1RεeRlHE>"77'a,Ei|5u v2gJ[p|%Q]MbUi=:آKNg׮TޏAeW6X|,6®j @_}mDy?m8E x)aڰ~r*wK,. y0TϳWmx t|6b)b-[q! %3K8|R;!}XGզ,u6"7i-p( \':,MФNg:G7'Gf!Oܪi'N-u;,n#?D̗6e0MIh8̷0_T?VZ {QІWhiw3i`xJSZks4ؿ)&\11Ir7ZË zrLVHHQڰGR';øuGQw'99!j [Cw=/` (_|MJLFQ"@ڭZ7Y6O;;8iGGCAdQH!F;45Vm0FZB p^YqCۏXYŮ)ږx%WHm~ G{4.,,WW i=rvu&]5Cso$7},r^ki!eK0*I6֟c\d&j"3Ʉ|?:udWႡn-ڍ7@!*geYyUxv+.̍i( hѕL.upF*2F*CT{$Ozڎ/Vz2:MNhuuQX`?7.n:&S ۯ|i\=81z_FS#Dɕ*(]7rz$)@΂`"Pdk4?i&VPnZ 4+>*w c=gpS<ܚ5&$Ł|". f}R %V 7kMu{r!C+ۦXR!#*%>Ӟ|ΐ&Vr8#$#q5du!W:b֮3ga9]9d|΢Mָ'AKഈSW`G0Fu2S!]l/9A 4oQ8›|d;7drQTDvo fPϘV]!E](i)u3,{S˩-nz$X UkAu#[AYq>ѹU G%_5Pj I@MϿv׆Z4ˁ{NaU:ɪcH{2ˬQ4!@*+tA$k>i/4F %0V%CR>0޼xgft@`r`{uaVR4<9=DZ;?uLBM5ng`[su鍎YSahs*>/LHԚJb7g(yjld!c LXoDPmsd$L<1W+w7ʭ9:*eVUc`sZRI<7mƩ$*QmP. ZRϋxǐ<;KS1&+ ·HNoAJ{EOXHl2|\.˰IY#%VIΥ@Fί" 9rt-|]NQ |g!{(RJ5>}){©" sgdP[RwЖцΖ-=EQGqf9t`R;mFtVȘ|ڬ?6k-1C1_ 1J2W LsM}ќ}O2bXbvM}-WqBR3~cr'g >0 5.GV]oѭ8bT*dՊl )GL(~j|YVL$#1/3ntjF97IHo CN$?)N.l}^_ohv{TaہݱFߊP;EyKWMR5-%깱21zILatm $P5̲Pw8njwN#5(x !=Op"{)`qE3ƾJaOT2vdl0&k~rfMYl!!'a?đj˜k̊ Sxj|ܾ4Znd}1]J-c`F1r`<[CI%깰p$)'F|Q' &٠qӖ>TfB'Dӧ70E4K{B+lfR>J?I.jɸBef#5,NSMV:͕ яhIX6V9L<9$\k_f0]YwyډXڱm2xYAܱQ6A5biEw*12QDiW*"27pmsk\%[wn*@C5'֗́onN@)k]o@ dy+,9\ gy"!P;b1x(pR9 f4Ltp)=h2s{ڭ@R{L𛑗_vP@O@S;Ϣ] h z(fx",4l΂3<8Uٗ6́GҨnʜ=ɒkq쎭r?nfI YSH-7!Iު"!YMO3ɺA-Rv(n.W~Nn*rbC*T`^ow=T@X]?|IsCZxfX3'r!Vڮp9/ʮNg(5Xuyg/bP&g,͚`|:@lm@;2"&RVY qtLYzViiu Ζ'RꇄIL/%bZe&8Q9>R;.~ ._xBo1J>RJ*ՠI+E&IpɼSb1zP𪇅cQ#>T~R涤 ݓ ^T`(vs94r&lV`'tDg#0i)ǯu caV`TA`_8S@dUg.zڏU7yU9M+[Fl @뤂<=-K,<7r܆IDY[cVc˥iV >> '!v6ui~oMիYA(;2,%pI7?b($%g.2|&Q X< 0%id|*A[;,^f͖3h|h9Im4£c ;y2Gy.?$qSnK9QcKJ<mI*J7+AJY᭍C|IQk I$fK:$IN񜐷 XF-{5Ur:FNXs޵`q3H+PF{G9.XQ!m{\tĈjH&Fc̀yRp2ڜ ju78~Yn5rQCZ皜SC6Zj lIozmu G3ls5T,9؎!ΨiްaqgZ{'Noa#9ay0|~Σ 0 J=[m h F1H -D^Bl^& cږ2-vY`q|#،8wXU_Y>`[WHd4&# OBNaC3uйPɮ)r8%Bx D Z5x{d-n`N_E+*EF >:AZ<>oֵF2dG(_ qމ9}RZ)K0%CxBx]ʚzȔps? $ҋHF>q X}hqo)QQPq jγg뭜Miy'}V4IiR;GxqO}I-@Q[]4 '[ENca4IC]WEesRxp6<%<·W]R]mh5͑6Ɋ!񻌛x^Myфى uZ+MmlV^v*.a3{A0J1·wB ]U; $~nަB9! vk-kZoV1 UT^)8䄎%%w`.{OX86X cR*Y=q]+o[x:G^0W`l'~,Ǵݎڅ2BecLuxR=3{O_bjwL/g a!7.6VL")@Q(u}]` 6 m`O!= \VW*l5$+mZllTH!֖XxM<—Se̹hkL":dzi˜?c0@.;t0窢WĸgSelcAqi]n"AGB_ٰv_DDQgt5)mI&pH7 0 $g#Rİ3_(|9%9 #G"" WA+m]eu>کz|+cSd첶 -L!Z:3ЧogҲbZ)9ΰ}ӽj5 #n0-8u'Vn^ I6GyTjÈ(hU)frZ YVhӥ0i(j? %:"xִm0F(oh?}I Emj~~ ߖ=$ŋV9oqր Zh` lmʴ% d~jkv1ٍfdm]X7WRNHVSb;@iS@y$l 8iRAfQ!JUҘTLjM- 6Mß` n33.dRmK ÁG8QhڎFS ҭA`8-ݣ2&(Wb6]t#E|' ڻih-]&#,N20X#&_YkV_9Y]"OWwC=Yn*6l8Ǹ? /E(zث&TFeK^ж8&$Evsҹ+Rjt;;ΠU;=Y,gm^Fd8~%UK>(\4 }g)u{ 0le:8}YiwNi/I-Ă ݇3Ӱ/#JZ"p歳9Ǎ&v6ha%l,`&^6G Y]j[MX@Ay|1@xG݉]Ԗ#VR#m6bu hYTO:WY{tkO5&+͛*eWy jh'{ ?5GO1qkб2/#h}*f?]gmyNyϲa)+Ê[g(%QłiFhBE}uZ1@TZ%$A{#=pSc>ZSiW⠋g= T$Ǔs'X 8`J))1"rx%72+ã{f9{un:,V7d8ƞNjN]Fox\ q3:;Sgzn {ԿկUGU05FzK3YXƳ5YjlTa/..'zjV.#%bꜷx*T' t%Bœ[ItVǠShf/hzƒz$Da thǴ5׍/&t N[Os-UK?@DNJ}sOG4vR, M^K8 *1N9gӀ˵#Te$e z!7/\RI}(Dur_Jέ6Q~6m@ah&XѶ=HLpU /n?[pL2}gq1 o^Lzܪ!Raٓ\<?6ЇXr #DJw֑ϛ}/N5>tj CƉ;lV܌îͻ}w_Ae\Z=#Fk40x(>H׻fcOƝ ah?-Lޤ`fȼ+ozX|`VNVh;&V+я'C{w59.*" EڌWzRzn }(tJe!4o-i hV bqhJϣl{]C]1nMZBLСz׏גq(+[e46hu~Q?dvBq?}KkqwC1~jinpa1e!]:2圜i^#]pמ6E'!Y+58BBH KI}H_ 7;!Ab$P5ѮJIy|{}H7@H~Ui'eohfbB0ou0Mb4H"NT_(`BUJ?u<9>dݤ3=VȠ29z2#ʄōz%)ٍ4}rNM&N̛!BXx!OIHO"񖴫w}:=cx&69U]舺Iͳ֚vT0^s ;BЙB >xiSʍ4Ks3BE,"ErP7dmixi}GymDt[LRxs6DKL8فsl^36⭦;l,OfR美cdLb4./G;Eq* ,6e6i۪YNb7ڜ\E`rfA(eӚ`!pɳەP,ܠJ*ǧyi ϖ 3<OQR˦9(2Ԏۓ$%w~VwQWz$::3K>jp/-HKfE7]Em0wp"I b< ׈&ӨBt^ Q5Ld@KS29vˡvA䥸1O\+08 MT0R+h#Zdׅ|}_޻w^lH|.0L/E咦=dǿ%PmgF=}R<ͳ3C5>78E+|yPx6> {/7f{P-:WQ +h&<[Z餋CU1mZ6A/Ky~#$fm'} ,5 Ûk?e`TQ)[@pP#woBTEܸ?@Ju~AzwW$v vM/xZ8RL7.Ykf8EFө.91\zÌ e=9JNUܣe'MXjмŀ;:Ed$F zgGv^K5F| dQlՕƹŅ b~#p[Ȯum@iy~,Dl`0)tmtn8/^XRJ,`GM'=hMA Y\ S{>Tz2D7덦ը$*qZf?77 N2 T${-Qe4WXqI ]KjToPn  ߧQ0Pń`I8z0*Y cC3evRbpA>|V{V3.
    Enjoying the preview?
    Page 1 of 1