The Big Resource Guide to Teaching and Learning Texas History

By Tracey Williams

Offering a one-of-a kind teaching resource for Texas history teachers, The Big Resource Guide to Teaching and Learning Texas History, by author and teacher Tracey Williams, includes everything to make Texas history come alive in the classroom.

The teaching units are aligned with the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills and contain activities, assignments, and assessments to help instructors teach the state curriculum. The Big Resource Guide to Teaching and Learning Texas History covers all major topics in Texas history and offers a graphic organizer to help students record the important details of the topics. This resource includes essential Texas history vocabulary, cross-curricular vocabulary, and end-of-chapter assessments.

This guide helps prepare students for assessments, and it also aligns with English language arts, offering reading and writing activities. An engaging resource, it allows students to collaborate with their peers, be creative, investigate subject matter, solve problems, and have fun while learning.

• Language: English
• Publisher: iUniverse
• Release date: Oct 29, 2016
• ISBN: 9781491798027

Tracey Williams

Tracey Williams earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in history and a Master of Arts degree in guidance, counseling, and leadership. She has worked in the public school system in Houston, Texas, for more than twenty-two years teaching history and social studies.

Book preview

THE BIG RESOURCE GUIDE TO TEACHING AND LEARNING TEXAS HISTORY

TRACEY WILLIAMS

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THE BIG RESOURCE GUIDE TO TEACHING AND LEARNING TEXAS HISTORY

Copyright © 2016 Tracey Williams.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or by any information storage retrieval system without the written permission of the author except for instructional purposes.

iUniverse

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Because of the dynamic nature of the Internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them.

Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models,

and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.

Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock.

ISBN: 978-1-4917-9801-0 (sc)

ISBN: 978-1-4917-9802-7 (e)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016914920

iUniverse rev. date: 01/05/2017

Contents

Dedication

Acknowledgements

Unit 1: The Geography of Texas Unit Overview

The Geography of Texas

The Geography of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Geography Fast Facts

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Vocabulary Squares Activity

Geography of Texas Comprehension Questions

Unit 2: Natural Texas Unit Overview

The Regions and Landforms of Texas

The Regions in Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Regions of Texas: Fast Facts

Regions of Texas Content Area Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Regions of Texas Vocabulary Activity

Regions of Texas Comprehension Questions

Texas Geography Map Activity

Texas Geography Map Activity

City Brochure Activity

Chart of the 4 Regions of Texas

Unit 3: Native Americans of Texas Unit Overview

The Native Americans of Texas

The Southeastern Culture

The Gulf Culture

The Plains Culture

The Pueblo Culture

The Native Americans of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Chart of Native Americans of Texas

Native Americans of Texas Content Vocabulary

Native Americans of Texas Common Vocabulary

Native Americans of Texas Vocabulary Activity

Native Americans of Texas Comprehension Questions

Native American Writing Assignment

Instructions for Native American Plate Activity

Instructions for Native American Plate Activity

Native American Village Project

Unit 4: The European Exploration Unit Overview

European Exploration/Age of Content

The Age of Contact Notes Graphic Organizer

European Exploration of North America

Graphic Organizer of European Settlement in North/South America

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Age of Contact Vocabulary Activity

Age of Contact Comprehension Questions

Age of Contact Matching Activity

Age of Contact Facebook Activity

Instructions for Age of Contact Booklet

Unit 5: Spanish Colonial Era Unit Overview

Spanish Colonial Era/Texas Missions

Fast Facts

Spanish Colonial Era the Texas Missions Notes Graphic Organizer

Spanish Colonial Era: Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Missions Vocabulary Activity

Spanish Colonial Era Mission Comprehension Questions

Design Your Own Mission

Mission Writing Assignment

Chart of Texas Missions 1600-1700’s

Unit 6: Colonization of Texas Unit Overview

Mexican National/Colonization of Texas

The Colonization of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Mexican National Colonization Key People

Mexican National/The Colonization of Texas Vocabulary Activity

Personality Graphic Organizer

Mexican National/Colonization Comprehension Questions

Mexican National/Colonization Era Key People Graphic Organizer

Colonial Price Chart

Instructions for Advertisement for Stephen F. Austin’s Colony

Unit 7: The Road to the Texas Revolution Unit Overview

The Road to the Texas Revolution (1825-1835

The Road to Revolution Notes Graphic Organizer

Road to Revolution Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary: Road to Revolution

Road to Revolution Key People and Key Events

Road to the Texas Revolution Vocabulary Activity

Road to Revolution Comprehension Questions

Word Association Diagram

Stephen F. Austin Interview

Instructions for Road to Revolution Time Line

Unit 8: The Texas Revolution Era Unit Overview

Battles of the Texas Revolution

The Texas Revolution Notes Graphic Organizer

Texas Revolution Battles Graphic Organizer

Content Vocabulary

Texas Revolution Common Vocabulary

The Texas Revolution Vocabulary Activity

Texas Revolution: Key People and Key Events

Texas Revolution Facebook Activity

Battles of the Texas Revolution Comprehension Questions

The Travis Letter

Analyzing a Primary Source Document

Battles of the Texas Revolution Foldable Activity

Patch Work Quilt of The Texas Revolution

Unit 9: The Republic of Texas Era Unit Overview

Republic of Texas: Sam Houston

The Republic of Texas: Mirabeau B. Lamar

The Republic of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Republic of Texas Content Vocabulary

Republic of Texas Common Vocabulary

The Republic of Texas Vocabulary Activity

Republic of Texas Comprehension Questions

Comparison of Sam Houston and Mirabeau B. Lamar

Analysis of a Primary Source Document

View: Picture Analysis Organizer

The Policies of Sam Houston’s First and Second Presidential Administrations

Instructions for Revolutionary and Republic of Texas Newspaper Activity

Chart of Republic of Texas Presidents

Unit 10: The Early Statehood Era Unit Overview

Annexation of Texas

The Early Statehood of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Annexation: Content Vocabulary and Important People

Annexation: Common Vocabulary

Annexation Vocabulary Activity

Common Vocabulary Activity

Annexation Comprehension Questions

Annexation Era Key People Graphic Organizer

Annexation Booklet

Unit 11: Westward Expansion and Conflict Unit Overview

Westward Expansion and The Mexican War

Westward Expansion and The Mexican War Notes Graphic Organizer

Fast Facts

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Westward Expansion Vocabulary Activity

Common Vocabulary Activity

Quick Vocabulary Review

Comprehension Questions: Westward Expansion and the Mexican War

Map of Westward Expansion

Unit 12: The Texas and United States Government Unit Overview

Texas and United States Government

The Texas Judicial System

The Bill of Rights in Simple Terms

Government Notes Graphic Organizer

The Texas Judicial System Notes Graphic Organizer

Government Content Vocabulary

Government Common Vocabulary

The Texas Judicial System Content Vocabulary

Texas Judicial System Common Vocabulary

Comparison of the Texas and United States Constitution

Government Vocabulary Activity

Name That Principle of the Government Activity

Government Vocabulary Activity

Texas and U.S. Government Comprehension Questions

Judicial Comprehension Questions

Bill of Rights Writing Activity

Civil/Criminal Law Activity

Civil Law and Criminal Law Chart

Unit 13: The Civil War Era Unit Overview

United States Civil War

Civil War Battles of Texas

The Civil War Notes Graphic Organizer

The Civil War Battles of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary: The Civil War

Civil War Vocabulary Activity

Civil War Fill- in- the- Blank Vocabulary Activity

U.S. Civil War Comprehension Questions

Civil Era Key People Graphic Organizer

Picture Analysis Activity

View: Picture Analysis Organizer

Man of the Year Writing Activity

Civil War Writing Assignment

Analyzing a Primary Source Document

Civil War Map Activity

Unit 14: The Reconstruction Era Unit Overview

Reconstruction

Fast Facts

Reconstruction Notes Graphic Organizer

Reconstruction Content Vocabulary

Reconstruction Common Vocabulary

Reconstruction Vocabulary Activity

Reconstruction Comprehension Questions

Analysis of Primary Source Document

Reconstruction Writing Assignment

Reconstruction Map Activity

Civil War and Reconstruction Map

Reconstruction Vocabulary Activity

Unit 15: The Native Americans of the Plains Era Unit Overview

Native Americans of the Plains

Native American of the Plains Notes Graphic Organizer

Native Americans of the Plains: Content Vocabulary

Native American of the Plains: Common Vocabulary

Native Americans of the Plains Vocabulary Activity

People of the Plains Key People

Native Americans of the Plains Key People Graphic Organizer

Native Americans of the Plains Comprehension Questions

Name That Person of the Plains Activity

Unit 16: Texas in Transition Era Unit Overview

Texas in Transition

Texas in Transition Notes Graphic Organizer

Texas in Transition Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Texas in Transition Vocabulary Activity

Texas in Transition Key People and Places

Key People and Key Events Graphic Organizer

Texas in Transition Facebook Activity

Texas in Transition Comprehension Questions

Texas in Transition Writing Activity

Cause and Effects Activity

Unit 17: The Age of Oil Era Unit Overview

The Texas Oil Boom

The Texas Oil Boom Notes Graphic Organizer

The Age of Oil Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Texas Oil Boom Vocabulary Activity

The Texas Oil Boom Key People

Texas Oil Boom Key People Graphic Organizer

Matching Vocabulary Activity

The Texas Oil Boom: Comprehension Questions

Historical Maker Project

Unit 18: The Reformation/Progressive Era Unit Overview

The Reformation of Texas 1870-1920

Fast Facts

The Reformation of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

The Reformation Movement Vocabulary Activity

Reformation Vocabulary Activity

The Reformation of Texas Comprehension Questions

Excerpt of The Jungle

Analysis of Primary Source Document: The Jungle

Problems and Solutions

Progressive Era Photo Story

Unit 19: WWI Unit Overview

Texas and The United States in WWI

The Spanish American War

Fast Facts

Texas and the United States in WWI

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

World War I Vocabulary Activity

The Spanish American War Fill-in-the-Blank Activity

Identifying Synonyms using Common Vocabulary

Comprehension Questions

Analysis of Primary Source Document

Primary Causes and Effects of World War I Teaching Transparency

Unit 20: The Great Depression and WWII Unit Overview

The Great Depression and World War II Unit

The Great Depression and WWII

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

The Great Depression and WWII Vocabulary Activity

Key People

Great Depression and WWII Key People Graphic Organizer

Great Depression and WWII Comprehension Questions

Great Depression Photo Story

Man of the Decade

Unit 21: Postwar Unit Overview

Changes in Texas during the Postwar Era

Changes in Texas during the Postwar Era Notes Graphic Organizer

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Postwar Vocabulary Activity

Postwar Key People

Postwar Key People Graphic Organizer

Fast Facts

Postwar Comprehension Questions

Analyzing Quotes

Important Events in the Struggle for Civil Rights 1950s-1960s Graphic Organizer

Unit 22: Modern Era Unit Overview

Texas in the Modern Era

Texas in the Modern Era Notes Graphic Organizer

Content Vocabulary

Common Vocabulary

Modern Era Vocabulary Activity

Vocabulary Review Activity

Modern Era Key People

Modern Era Key People Graphic Organizer

Modern Era Comprehension Questions

Analyzing Photographs

VIEW: Photograph Analysis

911 Peace Poster Activity

Resources

About the Author

Dedication

I would like to dedicate this book to all of my co-laborers in the field of education, teachers who have committed themselves to educating Texas children. I commend teachers work tirelessly to bring Texas history alive in their classrooms daily. Teachers who may have to work with limited resources, overcrowded classrooms, and limited time to teach learning standards and objectives.

Acknowledgements

I must give praise to my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ for allowing to me complete this writing project. It is due to His abundant grace and mercy that I have written this book.

I would also like to acknowledge my children Ariah, Josiah, and Isaiah Williams. I have spent countless hours with them discussing Texas history concepts and visiting various historical sites in Texas. I appreciate the interest they have demonstrated in something that I love. Their commitment to me inspired me to complete this book project.

UNIT 1: The Geography of Texas Unit Overview

Students will understand factors relating to geography. Students will also learn how people have adapted and utilized the Texas environment. The teaching and learning objectives for this unit are: 7.9B, 7.9C, and 7.21C

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Fundamental Questions:

Students are to focus on the following questions when studying the Geography unit:

1. How have people adapted, changed, or impacted the environment?

2. What are some positive ways in which people can modify the environment?

3. What is the difference between human and physical geography?

The Geography of Texas

Geography is the study of the earth and the people who live on it. Geography helps explain why people live the way they do. Many details of a person’s life are related to geography. Geography affects the type of food some people in the world eat. This relates more to people who live in under-developed nations, people who must grow, hunt, or catch their food. Weather, is another component of geography. It dictates the types of clothing people wear. For example, when it is cold people obviously wear warmer clothing to keep warm. When it is warm outside people wear clothing intended to keep them cool. Geography can also determine how homes are constructed. Homes that are built in areas with low elevations do not have basements, rather they have attics, due to the possibility of flooding. It is important to note that geography plays a major role in the lives of the people who live on earth.

Geography consists of two main types: Human and Physical Geography

Physical Geography consists of the land and physical features of the environment. Landforms such as plains, mountains, and plateaus are features of physical geography. Rivers, lakes, and oceans are also features of physical geography.

Human Geography consists of the people who live on earth and the way they interact with the environment. This type of geography focuses on people’s response and interaction with the environment.

There are five themes of geography they are location, place, human environment- interaction, movement, and region.

Location-deals with where places are located. For example, Eleanor Tinsley Park is located in downtown Houston, Texas.

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Eleanor Tinsley Park Image Taken by Ariah Williams

Place- describes the features that give a place its own identity. For example, a major physical feature of Houston are bayous. There are bayous all around the city of Houston. This is the reason Houston is aptly nicknamed the bayou city. Buffalo Bayou featured in the picture below runs through downtown Houston.

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Buffalo Bayou Downtown Houston Picture Taken by AriahWilliams

Human Environment Interaction- deals with how people adapt, use, or change their environment. An example of human environment interaction is farming. People interact with the environment by planting and harvesting food. This example demonstrates that humans depend on the environment for survival. It is essential that the environment is taken care of in an effort for all people and animals to survive.

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Woman Picking Cotton

Movement- deals with how people interact around the world. Communication is a major component of movement. Movement demonstrates how people are connected globally.

There are several ways people can communicate globally, such as by telephone, cell phone, e-mail, social media outlets, and handwritten letters.

Transportation is another key component of movement. People travel, spread ideas, and ship goods locally, nationally, and internationally via mass modes of transportation such as airplanes and ships. The image below is of the Houston Ship Channel. The Houston Ship Channel is the third largest port in the United States.

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Ship in Houston Channel

Region- is the last of the 5 themes of geography. It is described as an area that is unified by a particular physical feature. Mountainous areas, deserts, and forests are particular regions. They all have a particular feature that sets them apart from other regions. El Paso is located in West Texas, an area that consists of many hills and mountains. The forest region of Texas is located in East Texas. Texas is a very vast state with various types of landforms and regions. The region featured in the picture below is a forest region.

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Picture Taken by Ariah Williams

Texas is a very diverse state geographically as well as culturally. There are people living in Texas of all racial, ethnic, and religious backgrounds. Some of them immigrated or migrated to Texas, where as others were born in the state. Texas also has diverse geographic features examples includes mountains, deserts, plateaus, savannahs, plains, lakes, rivers, and escarpments. The geography and the people of Texas are extremely multi-cultural and multi-dimensional.

The Geography of Texas Notes Graphic Organizer

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Geography Fast Facts

1. Texas is the 2ndlargest state in the United States in area.

2. Three of the 10 largest cities in the United States are in Texas; Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio.

3. There are 254 counties in Texas.

4. The northern and western areas of Texas are very dry.

5. There are two aquifers in Texas: the Edwards and Ogallala.

6. The southeastern region of Texas borders the Gulf of Mexico.

7. The southeastern region of Texas has a mild humid climate.

8. The eastern region of the state receives more rainfall than the western region.

9. The western region is higher in elevation than the eastern region.

10. The northern part of Texas is very cold during the winter.

11. The northern part of Texas is referred to as the panhandle because it resembles the handle of a pan.

12. Agriculture is an important industry in Texas.

13. Agriculture is the science of farming.

14. The state bird is the mocking bird.

15. The state flower is the blue bonnet.

16. The state tree is the pecan tree.

17. The state mammal is the armadillo.

18. Oil and cotton are resources that can be found in every region of Texas.

19. The South Texas Plains is a major producer of citrus fruit.

20. Cattle ranching is a major industry in Texas.

21. Lumber production is another major industry in Texas.

22. The forest region of Texas is located in the eastern region of the state.

23. Plains are the most prevalent landform in Texas.

Content Vocabulary

1. Geography- is the study of the earth.

2. Lines of latitude run east and west on a map or globe but measure distances north and south of the equator.

3. A pie chart is a tool used by geographers that shows the parts of a whole.

4. A compass rose is used to show the directions on a map.

5. Lines of longitude run north and south on a map or globe and measures distances east and west of the prime meridian.

6. The part of a map that explains what the symbols and shapes mean is the legend.

7. A line graph shows a trend or a change in information over a period of time.

8. Equator- is the imaginary line circling the globe exactly halfway between the north and the South Pole.

9. Prime Meridian- is the imaginary line that runs around the globe from the North Pole, through Greenwich England, to the South Pole.

10. Scale- measure’s distances between two points on a map. It is the relationship between a measurement on the map and the actual distance on the earth’s surface.

11. Environment- refers to the physical surroundings of an area.

12. Culture-refers to the way of life of people consisting of language, customs religion, and the food they eat.

13. The natural environment of plants and animals is referred to as an ecosystem.

14. Aquifer- is an underground water source.

15. Global- an international exchange of ideas, culture, and products creating a world-wide perspective.

Common Vocabulary

1. Multi-Dimensional- of or having several aspects or parts.

2. Feature- a particular characteristic of something.

3. Natural Vegetation-non-man made plants.

4. Elevation- the height of an area.

5. Diverse- relating to variety or differences.

6. Ethnic- dealing with one’s racial and national identity.

7. Dictate-to command with authority.

Vocabulary Squares Activity

Instructions: Students will use the geography content vocabulary to complete the diagram below.

• Use the words from the content vocabulary list

• Then select a key word from the definition of the terms and write it in the key word section, this word would serve as a synonym.

• Finally draw, download from the internet, or cut a picture from a magazine to represent the key term.

• Refer to the example provided for a better understanding for this activity

Word Bank: Geography, Pie Chart, Legend, Irrigation, Drought, Extinct, Immigration, and Agriculture

Geography of Texas Comprehension Questions

Instructions: Refer to the Geography of Texas unit to respond to the following questions. Write answers in complete sentences.

1. What do geographers study?

2. What are 5 themes of geography?

3. Identify 3 tools used by geographers.

4. Identify at least 3 environmental factors that are affected by geography.

5. Identify at least 3 positive affects people can have on the environment.

6. Identify at least 3 negative affects people can have on the environment.

7. How can geography dictate how people live?

8. Which 2 themes of geography are very closely related in meaning?

9. How is information arranged on a time line?

10. What are the factors relating to culture?

11. Is culture relating to human or physical geography? Explain

UNIT 2: Natural Texas Unit Overview

Students will study the four natural regions of Texas. Students will identify the natural resources, landforms, major rivers, vegetation, and industries of the four regions. The teaching and learning objectives for this unit are: 7.1A, 7.8A, 7.9A, 7.9B, 7.9C, 7.20D, 7.21C

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Fundamental Questions

Students are to focus on the following questions when studying the Natural Texas unit:

1. What is a natural region?

2. Why is the coastal plains region ideal for