A Philosophical Rejection of The Big Bang Theory

By Khuram Rafique

Scientific inquiry takes onward course from the point where previous scientists had reached. But philosophical analysis initiates from scratch. Philosophy questions everything and chooses starting point for itself after having ruled out all the unsubstantiated and doubtful elements of the topic under study. Secondly, known realities must make sense. If a theory is officially 'counterintuitive', then either it is mere fiction or at the most; a distorted form of truth. This book's analysis is based on the philosophical principle that knowledge is empirical and does not arise magically in absence of observational grounds. With philosophical approach, it was doubtful to accept that Georges Lemaître already knew Hubble's law in year 1927 that was yet to be found by Edwin Hubble in year 1929. Therefore this book started with denial of the claim that Lemaître already knew this law. But analysis of section I.III forced author to look the matter from original source and it came to surface that Lemaître knew this law in year 1927. But contrary to mainstream claim, Lemaître had not derived that law from general relativity (GR) equations rather had deduced from a method given by Hubble himself. Whereas whole case of the Big Bang Theory rests on misleading claim that Lemaître had derived this law solely from GR equations. The basis of this claim happened to be a manipulated translation (1931) of Lemaître's original 1927 article. People regard Big Bang Theory as truth because authoritative sources deceived them by presenting a manipulated translation in year 1931. 

This book is a philosophical analysis of original papers of Alexander Friedmann (1922), Georges Lemaître (1927), Edwin Hubble (1929) and Albert Einstein (1917) thus covers actual roots and origins of the Big Bang Model. In this book, only the core elements of the Big Bang Model i.e. 'Expansion of Universe' and 'CMBR' are covered. It has been sufficiently shown that 'expansion' is an illusion whereas CMBR is a proof that we live in a non-expanding infinite universe. If these two core elements of the standard Big Bang Model are precisely refuted then there is nothing crucial left with the standard model. For readers of this book at least, Big Bang Theory shall become a story of past mistakes.

Author is not an authoritative source on science topics therefore readers must download all the above mentioned original papers and check all the points outlined in this book from relevant original papers. Unlike reading from an authoritative source that makes readers relaxed and careless but enables authorities to deceive them in worst way possible, this book requires readers to remain alert on all the points discussed in the book and verify everything from original sources whose links are provided in footnotes section of the book. This book is not a judgment of the topic rather it is like a case presented by an advocate while readers are the judges. Readers are required to apply their own critical judgment to conclude the matter by themselves. After carefully reading this book, readers will also start taking 'authoritative sources' with due care and it will become difficult for the 'authorities' to deceive them again.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Realism & Physics
• Release date: Feb 11, 2018
• ISBN: 9781393644156

Khuram Rafique

Writing books has been fifth stage in my intellectual development. First stage was that world and reality appeared too strange to me to make proper sense. Either I had to get clarity or to live a perplexing life. I became like a bookworm and my task was to extract maximum sense out of reading and pondering. A stage came when my mind flooded with ideas that kept me under trance but I also started facing the problem of forgetting many of those ideas. Only to keep those ideas in memory, I started writing diaries. That was second stage. Third stage was facilitated by newly emerged blogging facility that helped me track and organize my ideas into short articles. At fourth stage, I became author of two book chapters of two different academic projects. I had no relevant academic qualification for both projects but both times I was honored as my contribution was solicited by those (South Asian) Universities. Back in year 2006, my one short blog article was discussed on a USA Radio Program with Zoologists. The topic of that blog article related to difference between human mind and animal mind. I shall further elaborate that topic in my upcoming book on Epistemological Realism. At fifth stage, now I am in process of writing complete books on various topics. Topics and subjects of my books do not relate to my actual educational or professional background. My qualification on writing about topics (of my books) is simply "I think therefore I can." After a long struggle with various philosophical themes, now I am settled with 'Epistemological Realism' and it is the pursuit of realism that compelled me to thoroughly analyze various aspects of Physics to see how they actually represent underlying reality.