Past Future Power Belongs to the Reserved Power Clause

By Daniel H Marchi

At the time that the Constitution was adopted, the 10th Amendment was intended to confirm the understanding of the States Governments Republics people. 10th Amendment expressly declares the constitutional policy of the Federal Government Republic. In the transformation from colonies to states and a colonial Federal government to a United States Federal government resulted in the wording of the 10th Amendment. The 10th Amendment states the powers not (delegated power clause) delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. All any past or unknown future power belongs to the States government or the people within. The reserved power clause implies all any past or unknown future power

• Language: English
• Publisher: AuthorHouse
• Release date: Oct 10, 2013
• ISBN: 9781491801734

Daniel H Marchi

Daniel H Marchi resides in Charleston, W. Va., where he continues to practice mathematics and indulge his love of politics. As a mathematician, wrote many scientific programs. He became very interested in politics. He published the following books: “17th Amendment…Rescind!!!”, “10th Amendment Secures a Republic Form of Government!!!” and “This Book Places an Indictment on the Federal Government and 16th Amendment!!!.” In these books, mathematical logic is applied to demonstrate proofs.

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© 2013 Daniel H Marchi. All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.

Published by AuthorHouse 9/12/2013

ISBN: 978-1-4918-0172-7 (sc)

ISBN: 978-1-4918-0171-0 (hc)

ISBN: 978-1-4918-0173-4 (e)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2013913352

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At the time that the Constitution was adopted, the 10th Amendment was intended to confirm the understanding of the States Republics’ people. 10th Amendment expressly declares the constitutional policy of the Federal Republic may not exercise power that prejudices the States’ Republics interfering with the States Republics’ abilities to function. The States’ Republics and people are to retain all powers.

Without the Constitution the Federal Republic power diminishes. Since the Constitution created the Federal Republic, eliminating the Constitution, would obliterate the Federal Republic. On the other hand, the States’ Republics and the States Republics’ people whom created the Constitution will endure. The States’ Republics and the States Republics’ people are the leading issues in the 10th Amendment.

To become an expert in the reducing the Algebraic (my title Algebraist) equations in a Mathematical Model, a PhD Mathematician told me that it would take seven years of experience. In my case it was accomplished in lot less time. An Algebraist doesn’t need a PhD degree to reduce as high as 75+ equations in a Mathematic Model. He needs experience!

My own Mathematical-models, Engineer Mathematical-models and Physics Mathematical-models that contained many equations must be proven to be bounded in order to be solvable.

Before seeking a solution to the multiple equations, Mathematical models must be shown to be bounded. The proof lies in counting the equations and unknown variables that will be solved simultaneously. The number of equations must be equal to the number of unknown variables.

In a graphic display of those 75 plus equation’s plotted lines, the lines must intersect one another; therefore, the mathematic modal containing the equations is said to be bounded meaning that the unknown variables are solvable. The set of equations is said to be deterministic.

Contrary, any two or more lines parallel to each other denotes the set of equations are not bounded and the unknown variables are not solvable. The set of equations is said to be non-deterministic.

The 10th Amendment states the powers not (delegated power clause) delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. The 10th Amendment can be seen as a logical expression rather than a collection of meaningless words.

After the Revolution, the Colonies wrestle the power of representation and the inseparable power of taxation from the British; and, the planners of the Constitution were not going to relinquish the power of representation and the power of taxation in their Constitutional plan. The new Constitutional government was given non-changeable (delegated power clause) delegated powers with the idea that all past or unknown future power belongs to the Colonies or to the people within. The planers of the Constitution made the 10th Amendment to be a truism (self-evident truth) or an axiom (An axiom is a premise so-evident as to be accepted as true without controversy) for the Colony’s usage that can never be destroyed; moreover, the 10th Amendment was chiseled in stone.

There exist one 10th Amendment equation and one variable; therefore, 10th Amendment equation is bounded. In a mathematical sense, one variable and one equation is said to be deterministic. The 10th Amendment reserved power clause is reserved to the States respectively or to the people and is the most important implementable part of the 10th Amendment. The delegated power clause is fixed and cannot be changed under the penalty of defying the 10th Amendment.

In creating the 10th Amendment, delegated power was given to a designated Colonial Federal government; and, all past or unknown future power, exclusive of the Colonial Federal government power, belongs to the Colonies or the people within.

The planners of the Constitution went to Philadelphia representing Colonial power won in the defeat of the British in the Revolutionary War.

In the transformation from Colonies to States and a Colonial Federal government to a United States Federal government resulted in the wording of the 10th Amendment. The 10th Amendment states the powers not (delegated power clause) delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. The planners of the Constitution gave delegated power to the United States of America; and all any past or unknown future power belongs to the States government or the people within. The past power was the power that the planners of the constitution had arriving in Philadelphia. The reserved power clause signifies all any past or unknown future power. Therefore, the reserved power clause may be applied to past power or unknown future power.

In other words, the powers (delegated power clause) not delegated to the United States by the constitution, or not prohibited (not allowed) by it to the States, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

In other words, the powers (delegated power clause) not delegated to the United States by the constitution, or not not allowed by it to the States, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

In other words, the powers not (delegated power clause) delegated to the United States by the constitution, or allowed by it to the States, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

The 10th Amendment reserved power clause may be executed in the following two ways:

The State government legislature made of quasi equal populated districts may apply the reserved power clause

The people within quasi equal populated districts may apply the reserved power clause

The part the powers not (delegated power clause) delegated to the United States by the constitution is a logical constant expression delegated amendments that may not be substituted or changed. The delegated power clause amendments may be only substituted or added in a Constitutional Convention setting. The most important part of the 10th Amendment is the logical variable expression (reserved power clause) are reserved to the States respectively or to the people that allows amendments to be rescinded, repealed, or added.

There exist one 10th Amendment equation and one variable; therefore, 10th Amendment equation is bounded. In a mathematical sense, one variable and one equation is said to be deterministic. The 10th Amendment reserved power clause is reserved to the States respectively or to the people and is the most important implementable part of the 10th Amendment. The delegated power clause is fixed and cannot be changed under the penalty of defying the 10th Amendment.

The 10th Amendment states the powers not (delegated power clause) delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are (reserved power clause) reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

To write the preceding 10th Amendment as preceded showed that the planners of constitution were men of great vision. The planners of constitution could have presented the 10th Amendment in the previous two steps form as derived above.

The planners of the constitution came to Philadelphia with the idea that the 13 Colonies had power of representation and taxation; and, as representative of those 13 Colonies, they were not going to surrender the combination representation and taxation idea to the intended Colonial Federal government. Delegated power was given the intended Federal government. Any unforeseen power was reserved to the Colonies respectively or their people. All past and un-foreseen power reverts to the reserved power clause of the 10th Amendment.

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On the subject of the Tenth Amendment

The planners of the Constitution had good reason to pen the 10th Amendment. The issue of power was extremely important to the planers of the constitution especially the great potential for a power struggle between the Colonial Federal government and the Colonies. The planers of the constitution deeply distrusted government power. The planers of the constitution’s goal were to prevent the growth of the type of government that the British had exercised over the Colonies.

A number of well-known patriots including Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and others opposed the adoption of the Constitution of 1787 passionately arguing the Constitution would eventually lead to a strong centralized government. A Strong centralized government would destroy the individual liberty of the people; Many who opposed a centralized government were tagged Anti-Federalists.

In 1787, the 10th Amendment was added to the Constitution largely for the reason that of the intellectual influence and personal persistence of the Anti-Federalists and their allies.

The 10th Amendment was written to emphasize the limited nature of the powers delegated to the federal government. In delegating just specific powers to the federal government, the States and the people, with some small exceptions, were free to continue exercising their sovereign powers.

When States and local communities take the lead on policy, the people become closer to the policymakers. The policymakers are much more accountable to the people. Few Americans have spoken with their president; but, many have spoken with their mayor.

Adherence to the 10th Amendment ensures liberty in the United States growing into liberty through decentralization.

reserved power clause simulation

Before the Constitution, the reserved power clause simulates the original Colonial Republic. After the Constitution, the reserved power clause simulates the States Republic.

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Colonies 10th amendment’s rules

Each Colony was parceled into districts which is a precursor to being a republic form of government. Based upon representation and rule of law long before the Revolution War, the 13 Colonies were republic form of governments.

Each Colony actually had the following simulated rules:

•   Did not allow referendum type voting

•   Did not allow Winner takes all

•   Did 60%-40% type voting (Normal Distribution Bell Curve) to avoid Mob Rule

Each Colony actually had principal simulated laws against:

•   Abortion

•   Mix marriages

•   *

•   Many more

Each Colony actually had principal simulated laws that allowed:

•   Praying in schools

•   Raising taxes

•   *

•   Many more

Since the 13 Colonial Republics had rules in place based upon representation and rule of law, rules were a status in quo requirement of the Colonies. The Colonies’ rules and the 10th Amendment rules, itself, are in a one to one situation. In other words, unto in both direction where the 13 Colonies’ Rules map unto the 10th Amendments’ Rules and the 10th Amendments’ Rules map unto the 13 Colonies Rules. Unto in both directions equals one to one. Before the Constitution, the 10th Amendments’ Rules simulate the original 13 Colonies’ Rules. After the Constitution was ratified, the10th Amendments’ Rules simulates the United States republic.

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State government

"quasi equal

populationed

districts"

County government

"quasi equal

populationed

districts"

City government

"quasi equal

populationed

districts"

Town government

"quasi equal

populationed

districts"

state government quasi equal populationed districts

The ideal districts cannot usually be constructed in the real world. Quasi equal populated districts can be estimated to felicitate district construction. The number of State assembly quasi equal populated districts is equal to the State government’s population divided by the number of assigned assembly districts. Likewise, the number of State senate quasi equal populated districts is equal to the State government’s population divided by the number of assigned senate districts.

12a.jpg

county government quasi equal populationed districts

The ideal districts cannot usually be constructed in the real world. Quasi equal populated districts can be estimated to felicitate district construction. The number of County quasi equal populated districts is equal to the County government’s population divided by the number of assigned districts.

12b.jpg

city government quasi equal populationed districts

The ideal districts cannot usually be constructed in the real world. Quasi equal populated districts can be estimated to felicitate district construction. The number of City quasi equal populated districts is equal to the City government’s population divided by the number of assigned districts.

13a.jpg

town government quasi equal populationed districts

The ideal districts cannot usually be constructed in the real world. Quasi equal populated districts can be estimated to felicitate district construction. The number of Town quasi equal populated districts is equal to the Town government’s population divided by the number of assigned districts.

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RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

STATE GOVERNMENT LEGISLATURE POWER OF REPRESENTATION AND TAXATION

STATES LEGISLATURES’ POWER OF REPRESENTATION AND TAXATION SIGNIFIES QUASI EQUAL POPULATED DISTRICTS.

STATE GOVERNMENT LEGISLATURE’S POWER OF REPRESENTATION AND TAXATION

Or

state government assembly power of representation and taxation

States Governments Assemblies People’s power of representation and taxation signifies quasi equal populated districts.

State of Delaware has 35 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Alaska has 40 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Nevada has 41 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Nebraska has 49 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Hawaii has 50 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Arizona, Oregon and Wyoming have 60 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Maryland, Colorado and West Virginia have 65 districts quasi equal populated districts

Idaho and South Dakota have 70 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Rhode Island and Utah have 75 districts quasi equal populated districts

California and New Jersey have 80 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

North Dakota has 94 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Tennessee and Wisconsin have 98 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Ohio and Virginia have 99 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Arkansas, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky and Montana have 100 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Oklahoma has 101 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Alabama and Louisiana have 105 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Michigan has 110 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Illinois has 118 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Connecticut, Florida and North Carolina have 120 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Mississippi has 122 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

South Carolina has 124 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Kansas has 126 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Vermont has 148 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Texas and New York have 150 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Maine has 151 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Missouri has 163 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Georgia has 180 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

Pennsylvania has 203 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

New Hampshire has 400 State assembly districts quasi equal populated districts

reserved power clause unknown power

The reserved power clause applies to all powers previous or unknown to the planners of the Constitution. Any previous or unknown power belongs to the State, County, City and Town and States, Counties, Cities and Towns people of quasi equal populated districts.

The 10th Amendment states the powers (unknown power) not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it (Constitution) to the unknown powers, are reserved to the unknown powers respectively, or to the unknown powers people of quasi equal populated districts."

In other words, the powers (unknown power) not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, or not prohibited (not allowed) by it (Constitution) to the unknown powers, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the unknown powers respectively, or to the unknown powers people of quasi equal populated districts."

In other words, "the powers (unknown power) not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, or not not allowed by it (Constitution) to the unknown powers, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the unknown powers respectively, or to the people of quasi equal populated districts.

In other words, the powers (unknown power) not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, or allowed by it (Constitution) to the unknown powers, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the unknown powers respectively, or to unknown powers people of quasi equal populated districts."

The reserved power clause applies to the unknown powers (quasi equal populated districts) or to unknown powers people of quasi equal populated districts.

The reserved power clause can be applied in the following two ways:

Through the unknown powers where the 60-40 voting prevails counting the number of voting unknown power representatives

Through unknown powers people quasi equal populated districts where the 60-40 voting prevails counting the number of voting people within those unknown powers quasi equal populated districts or number of those unknown powers quasi equal populated districts.

Reserved power clause applies to all the following:

Unknown powers:

Previous

Present

Future

Municipal powers:

State legislature

City council

County legislature

Town council

Government district power:

State quasi equal populated districts

County quasi equal populated districts

City quasi equal populated

Town quasi equal populated districts

The reserved power clause can be applied in the following ways:

•   State legislature

•   County legislature

•   City council

•   County legislature

•   Town council

•   State quasi equal populated districts

•   County quasi equal populated districts

•   City quasi equal populated

•   Town quasi equal populated districts

Where the 60-40 voting prevails counting the number of voting people within quasi equal populated districts or number of districts

power federal government republic

power state government republic

power county government republic

power city government republic

power town government republic

power elect state governor

state quasi equal populated districts

power elect county executive

county quasi equal populated districts

power elect city mayor

city quasi equal populated districts

power elect town mayor

town quasi equal populated districts

power impeach state governor

state legislature

power impeach state governor

state quasi equal populated districts

power impeach county executive

county legislature

power impeach county executive

county quasi equal populated districts

power to impeach city mayor

city council

power to impeach city mayor

city quasi equal populated districts

power to impeach town mayor

town council

power to impeach town mayor

town quasi equal populated districts

power federal government republic

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The 10th Amendment reserved power clause states, the powers allowed by the Constitution to the States’ Governments are reserved to the States Governments’ quasi equal populated districts

The 10th Amendment reserved power clause allowed by the Constitution to do the following:

States Governments assemblies’ Powers are reserved (reserved power clause) to the States Governments assemblies quasi equal populated districts

States Governments’ Senates’ Powers are reserved (reserved power clause) to the States governments senates quasi equal populated districts

States Governments’ legislatures’ Powers are reserved (reserved power clause) to the States governments senates’ and assembly quasi equal populated districts

United States Senate’s power is reserved (reserved power clause) Governments assembly quasi equal populated districts

United States House of Representatives power is reserved (reserved power clause) to the States governments United States House of Representatives’ quasi equal populated districts

Legislative branch of the Constitution power is reserved (reserved power clause) to the States governments assembly quasi equal populated districts

Executive branch of the Constitution power is reserved (reserved power clause) to the State assembly quasi equal populated districts and the United States House of Representative quasi equal populated districts

Judicial branch of the Constitution power is reserved (reserved power clause) to the States governments assembly quasi equal populated districts

Federal Government republic power is reserved (reserved power clause) to the States Governments assembly quasi equal populated districts

power state government republic

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the State government, are reserved to the State Government legislature

The power allowed by the constitution to the State government is reserved (reserved power clause) to the State government people (quasi equal populated districts)

power county government republic

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the County government, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the County legislature

The power allowed by the constitution to the County government is reserved (reserved power clause) to the County people (quasi equal populated districts)

power city government republic

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the City government, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the City government council

The power allowed by the constitution to the City government is reserved (reserved power clause) to the City government people (quasi equal populated districts)

power town government republic

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the Town government, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the Town government council

The power allowed by the constitution to the Town government is reserved (reserved power clause) to the Town government people (quasi equal populated districts)

power elect state governor

(quasi equal populated districts)

eliminate mob rule

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the States (legislature) respectively, or to the people (voting in assembly quasi equal proportioned districts). The voting in quasi equal proportioned districts has the full power to elect State Governor.

The number of quasi equal proportioned districts determines the winner.

In case of a tie, the State legislature picks the winner according to the reserved power clause of the State legislature.

29.jpg

Any judgment against the State assembly quasi equal populated districts to elect the governor violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power elect county executive (quasi equal populated districts)

eliminate mob rule

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the County (legislature) respectively, or to the people (voting in County quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in quasi equal proportioned districts has the full power to elect County executive. The number of quasi equal proportioned districts determines the winner.

In case of a tie, the County legislature picks the winner according to the reserved power clause of the County legislature.

30.jpg

Any judgment against the County quasi equal populated districts to elect County executive violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power elect city mayor

(quasi equal populated districts)

eliminate mob rule

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the City (council) respectively, or to the people (voting in City quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in quasi equal proportioned districts has the full power to elect City mayor.

The number of quasi equal proportioned districts determines the winner.

In case of a tie, the City council picks the winner according to the reserved power clause of the City council.

31.jpg

Any judgment against the City quasi equal populated districts to elect the City mayor violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power elect town mayor

(quasi equal populated districts)

eliminate mob rule

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the Town (council) respectively, or to the people (voting in town quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in quasi equal proportioned districts has the full power to elect Town mayor.

The number of quasi equal proportioned districts determines the winner.

In case of a tie, the Town council picks the winner according to the reserved power clause of the Town council.

32.jpg

Any judgment against town quasi equal populated districts to elect the Town mayor violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power impeach state governor (legislature)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the States (legislature) respectively, or to the people.

The State legislature impeaches the Governor. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of legislature members must be in forced.

power impeach state governor (quasi equal populated districts)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the States respectively, or to the people (voting in quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in assembly quasi equal proportioned districts impeaches the governor. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of quasi equal proportioned districts must be in forced.

33.jpg

Any judgment against to impeach the governor violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power impeach county executive (legislature)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the County (legislature) respectively, or to the people.

The County legislature impeaches the executive. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of legislature members must be in forced.

power impeach county executive (quasi equal populated districts)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the County respectively, or to the people (voting in quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in quasi equal proportioned districts impeaches the executive. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of quasi equal proportioned districts must be in forced.

34.jpg

Any judgment against to impeach the County executive violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power impeach city mayor (council)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the City (council) respectively, or to the people.

The City council impeaches the mayor. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of council members must be in forced.

power impeach city mayor (quasi equal populated districts)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the City respectively, or to the people (voting in quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in City quasi equal proportioned districts impeaches the mayor. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of quasi equal proportioned districts must be in forced.

35.jpg

Any judgment against to impeach the City mayor violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power impeach town mayor (council)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the Town (council) respectively, or to the people.

The Town council impeaches the mayor. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of council members must be in forced.

power impeach town mayor

(quasi equal populated districts)

Future reserved power clause states: reserved (reserved power clause) to the Town respectively, or to the people (voting in quasi equal proportioned districts).

The voting in Town quasi equal proportioned districts impeaches the mayor. The 60%-40% rule of calculating the number of quasi equal proportioned districts must be in forced.

36.jpg

Any judgment against to impeach the Town mayor violates the power of representation within the quasi equal populated districts.

power federal judge

power state judge

power county judge

power city judge

power town judge

power elect state judge

state quasi equal populated districts

power elect county judge

county quasi equal populated districts

power elect town judge

town quasi equal populated districts

power impeach state judge

state legislature

power impeach state judge

state quasi equal populated districts

power impeach county judge

county legislature

power impeach county judge

county quasi equal populated districts

power to impeach city judge

city council

power to impeach city judge

city quasi equal populated districts

power to impeach town judge

town council

power to impeach town judge

town quasi equal populated districts

power federal judge

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the Federal Judge, are reserved to the State legislature

The power allowed by the constitution to the Federal Judge is reserved (reserved power clause) to the State people (quasi equal populated districts)

power state judge

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the State Judge, are reserved to the State legislature

The power allowed by the constitution to the State Judge is reserved (reserved power clause) to the State people (quasi equal populated districts)

power county judge

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the County Judge, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the County legislature

The power allowed by the constitution to the County Judge is reserved (reserved power clause) to the County people (quasi equal populated districts)

power city judge

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed by the constitution to the City Judge, are reserved (reserved power clause) to the City council

The power allowed by the constitution to the City Judge is reserved (reserved power clause) to the City people (quasi equal populated districts)

power town judge

FUTURE RESERVED POWER CLAUSE

The future reserved power clause can be executed in either the following:

The powers allowed