A Study Guide for Tom Stoppard's "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead"

By Gale and Cengage

A Study Guide for Tom Stoppard's "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead," excerpted from Gale's acclaimed Drama For Students. This concise study guide includes plot summary; character analysis; author biography; study questions; historical context; suggestions for further reading; and much more. For any literature project, trust Drama For Students for all of your research needs.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Cengage Learning - Gale
• Release date: Jul 27, 2016
• ISBN: 9781535832380

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Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead

Tom Stoppard

1966

Introduction

Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, Tom Stoppard’s best-known and first major play, appeared initially as an amateur production in Edinburgh, Scotland, in August of 1966. Subsequent professional productions in London and New York in 1967 made Stoppard an international sensation and three decades and a number of major plays later Stoppard is now considered one of the most important playwrights in the latter half of the twentieth century.

Recognized still today as a consistently clever and daring comic playwright, Stoppard startled and captivated audiences for Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead when he retold the story of Shakespeare’s Hamlet as an absurdist-like farce, focusing on the point of view of two of the famous play’s most insignificant characters. In Shakespeare’s play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are little more than plot devices, school chums summoned by King Claudius to probe Hamlet’s bizarre behavior at court and then ordered to escort Hamlet to England (and his execution) after Hamlet mistakenly kills Polonius. Hamlet escapes Claudius’s plot and engineers instead the executions of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, whose deaths are reported incidentally after Hamlet returns to Denmark. In Stoppard’s play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern become the major characters while the Hamlet figures become plot devices, and Stoppard’s wildly comic play becomes the story of two ordinary men caught up in events they could neither understand nor control. Stoppard’s play immediately invited comparisons with Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and also brought to mind George Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde, and Luigi Pirandello. Stoppardian is now a recognizable epithet that suggests extraordinary verbal wit and the comic treatment of philosophical issues in often bizarre theatrical contexts.

Author Biography

Tom Stoppard (pronounced Stop-pard, with equal accents on both syllables) was born Tomas Straussler in Czechoslovakia on July 3, 1937. His name was changed when his mother married British army major Kenneth Stoppard after the death of the boy’s father. Educated from the age of five (in English) in India and from the age of nine in England, Stoppard left school at seventeen to become a journalist before deciding in 1960, at the age of twenty-three, to become a full-time writer.

Before becoming an overnight sensation with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, Stoppard worked as a free-lance writer and drama critic in London, writing stage plays, television plays, radio plays, short stories, and his only novel, Lord Malquist and Mr. Moon. The turning point in his writing career came in 1963 when his agent, Kenneth Ewing, wondered in casual conversation who the King of England might have been during