Sela Emthonjeni

By K Moropa

Olu luluhlu lwemibongo ebhalwe ngababhali abanamava. Imibongo ibhalwe ngendlela enika umdla nekhuthaza umntu oyifundayo abe nomdla kulwimi lwesiXhosa. Ulwimi olusetyenzisiweyo lutyebile, kodwa oko akwenzi kube nzima ukuyonwabela le mibongo.

Imibongo ichaphazela imiba efana nezopolitiko, imfundo, imbali kaXhosa ngemihla yamandulo, indima yabasetyhini kwakunye nemiba efana nokuxhatshwazwa kwabantwana neziyobisi. Sithi kuwe ke mfundi: "Sela Emthonjeni".

• Language: Xhosa
• Publisher: Via Afrika
• Release date: Sep 22, 2017
• ISBN: 9781415452431

Book preview

Lo mqulu uqulethe imibongo ethatyathwe kwiingqokelela yeembongi ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iimbongi zibonisa ulwazi lwazo ngembali kaXhosa ngemihla yamandulo. Oku kucaca gca xa sifunda imibongo kaMatshayana apho abonga uNtsikana, uNxele, uNongqawuse noThuthula. UMadlebe yena kwelinye icala utsho kwavokotheka ngeenkokeli zomzabalazo eMzantsi Afrika. Simva ebonga uMadiba, uSteve Biko noChris Hani. Kanti naye uMoto uzive engenakuthi cwaka ngoMadiba. UBosiki naye uyambonga uChris Hani. Kwakhona uMadlebe uphinde watsho ngababhali besiXhosa. Kaloku uNcamashe wayeyinkosi yamaRharhabe, imbongi yomthonyama nombhali owaziwayo. UK.S. Bongela naye liyaziwa igalelo lakhe kuncwadi lwesiXhosa. Kukho nemibongo echaphazela imiba yemihla ngemihla enjengale: ukubaluleka kwemfundo, ubungozi beziyobisi, ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana, indima kamama. Xa besinokuyohlula ngokwemixholo le mibongo singazekelisa senjenje:

Imbali kaXhosa ngemihla yamandulo

UNtsikana

UNongqawuse

UThuthula

Ixhwele uNxele

Amagorha alwela inkululeko yesizwe esiNtsundu eMzantsi Afrika

Gorhandini laseQonce

Hamba kakuhle Mkhonto

Idelakufa lakwaMadiba

NguMadiba uMosisi wase-Afrika

Chris Thembisile Hani

Ababhali besiXhosa

Ukunduluka kukaSipho Ncamashe

Mnumzana K.S. Bongela

Ukubaluleka kwemfundo

Kwithala leencwadi

Umfundisi-ntsapho

Ndlela-ntle mafungwashe

Nzwakazindini yasemaXesibeni

Kwelo ziko lemfundo

Imfundo

Imiba edla isizwe (ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana, iziyobisi nodushe olugqubayo)

Sesantoni n’ esi simbonono

Icuba labaThwa

Ezi pilisi

Dibanani

Memezani uxolo

Indima yabasetyhini

Intombi

Umama wekhaya

Ngumzi ngomfazi

Umama

Yintoni isihobe?

USatyo (1981) usichaza isihobe njengobugcisa obuyilwe ngamagama. Uthi amagama akwisihobe bubugcisa okanye ubungcibi obuqulathe umxhelo wale nto kuthiwa sisihobe. Ubuhobe bulele ekusetyenzisweni kwala magama. Ubuninzi bala magama asetyenziswa yimbongi aqhelekile, kumbalwa kakhulu apho imbongi iziyilela amagama angawayo. Makhe sithathe izitanza zibe zibini kulo mbongo Ukusongwa kwemini nguMvango:

Bekuxokozel’ imini yonke;

Lib’ ilanga ligqatsile;

Yon’ indod’ ibil’ isoma

Kuloo msebenzi wemini.

Yon’ impahla ibisendle;

Kwaneenkomo zithe saa!

Ezimbarheni bonwabile-

Yonk’ imini bejuxuza.

Apha kwezi zitanza zingentla akukho gama ongalaziyo. Umbuzo ngowokuba buphi na ubuhobe apha. USatyo uchaza enjenje (1981: 126):

Ngaphandle kokubala imiqolo, iivesi, oko kukuthi ukwakheka esikubona ngamehlo, kukho ukwakheka esingakuboni ngamehlo. Oko ke kukuhluzeka kocamngco oluqhanjukiswa kukulungelelaniswa nentsetyenziswano eqhanjukiswa idalwe phakathi kwala magama njengokuba emile nje.

Ukubonga ke kwaXhosa yinto ibikho kwakwimveli. Iimbongi bezibonga ngemihla yamandulo, isiXhosa esi singekabhalwa phantsi. Imbongi yolu hlobo ibisaziwa njengembongi yomthonyama. Imbongi yomthonyama/yemveli ibibonga inkosi okanye ukumkani. Ibihlala komkhulu, ifana nephakathi lenkosi. Kwizibongo zayo ibiyincoma inkosi, iyilumkise kanti igxeke xa kufuneka njalo kodwa naxa igxeka ibingasithobi isidima senkosi kuba kaloku kufuneka inkosi ihlale ihlonitshiwe ngabantu. Kuthe ke kwakufika ubhalo ezinye iimbongi zemveli zazibhala phantsi izibongo zazo. Okunye esingakubalula kukuba mandulo phaya zazingekho iimbongikazi. Abasetyhini bebeyiyizela xa imbongi isitsho. Kwakhona bebevakala ngeemini zemidudo enjengemitshato xa bebonga bethutha abo bazimanya ngeqhina lomtshato. Ibibangathi lukhuphiswano, abakulontombi bebonga intombi yabo, abakulomyeni bebonga unyana wabo. Kule mihla sineembongi esizibiza ngokuba zezosiba kuba ziyibhala phantsi imibongo yazo. Phawula ke esi sigama:

Imbongi yomthonyama/yemveli: Yimbongi ebonga esidlangalaleni, ingakhange isilungise phambi kwexesha isibongo; izalwa inaso isiphiwo sokubonga.

Imbongi yosiba: Le mbongi ibhala phantsi imibongo yayo. Iwulungisa kakuhle umbongo ngokweemfuno zokubhalwa kwesihobe. Inokuzalwa inaso isiphiwo sokubonga kanti sisenokuphenjelelwa zizinto ezithile apha entlalweni.

Umbongo: Umbongo ngulowo ubhalwe phantsi kwaye kubongwa nantoni na yimbongi yosiba, izinto eziphathekayo nezingaphathekiyo. Isibongo: Apha kubongwa abantu ababalulekileyo, amagorha, amaqhawe, ookumkani, iinkosi njalo njalo. Isibongo ingasesomlomo naxa kule mihla zikho esezibhalwe phantsi.

Iindidi zemibongo

Zininzi iindidi zemibongo kodwa ke siza kubetha koomofu ngezi zilandelayo:

Umbongo-nkcazo

Umbongo-nkcazo ngumbongo ochazayo. Awubalisi konke. Uchaza ntoni? Uchaza loo nto ibongwayo. Nanku umzekelo: Umama wekhaya nguNtwanambi. Kulo mbongo kuchazwa ukuba umama wekhaya ngumntu onjani. Umama wekhaya uchazwa apha njengomntu osoloko esebenzisa ingqondo; uyasebenza ngalo lonke ixesha; ikhaya