Camus in 60 Minutes: Great Thinkers in 60 Minutes
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Walther Ziegler
Walther Ziegler est professeur d'université et docteur en philosophie. En tant que correspondant à l'étranger, reporter et directeur de l'information de la chaîne de télévision allemande ProSieben, il a produit des films sur tous les continents. Ses reportages ont été récompensés par plusieurs prix. En 2007, il a prit la direction de la « Medienakademie » à Munich, une Université des Sciences Appliquées et y forme depuis des cinéastes et des journalistes. Il est l'auteur de nombreux ouvrages philosophiques, qui ont été publiés en plusieurs langues dans le monde entier. En sa qualité de journaliste de longue date, il parvient à résumer la pensée complexe des grands philosophes de manière passionnante et accessible à tous.
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Book preview
Camus in 60 Minutes - Walther Ziegler
My thanks go to Rudolf Aichner for his tireless critical editing; Silke Ruthenberg for the fine graphics; Lydia Pointvogl, Eva Amberger, Christiane Hüttner, and Dr. Martin Engler for their excellent work as manuscript readers and sub-editors; Prof. Guntram Knapp, who first inspired me with enthusiasm for philosophy; and Angela Schumitz, who handled in the most professional manner, as chief editorial reader, the production of both the German and the English editions of this series of books.
My special thanks go to my translator
Dr Alexander Reynolds.
Himself a philosopher, he not only translated the original German text into English with great care and precision but also, in passages where this was required in order to ensure clear understanding, supplemented this text with certain formulations adapted specifically to the needs of English-language readers.
Contents
Camus’ Great Discovery
Camus’ Central Idea
The Sense of Absurdity
Suicide as an Evasion of Absurdity
Religion – the Second Attempt to Evade Absurdity
Ideology – the Third Attempt to Evade Absurdity
Honesty with Oneself in the Face of Absurdity
The Myth of Sisyphus
Rebellion as an Attitude to Life
Of What Use is Camus’ Discovery for Us Today?
Living With Absurdity – Freeing Oneself from Bourgeois Rules of Conduct
Absurd Lifestyles: Actors and Seducers
Finding the Golden Mean
Composure in the Face of Life’s Unpredictability
Bibliographical References:
Camus’ Great Discovery
The philosophical discovery made by Albert Camus (1913-1960) is, even today, a provocative one. For, like all great philosophers, Camus posed the question: ‘What is the meaning of life?’ But the answer he gave to this question was of a new sort entirely.
Different answers have been given, of course, down the ages to this question of ‘the meaning of life’. For Plato it is ‘the Good’ that holds the world together; for Hegel the ‘World-Spirit’; for Marx class struggle; for Sartre freedom; for Nietzsche ‘will to power’; and for Habermas the development of communicative reason. In fact, each philosopher has his own answer to this question. But Camus is the exception here. He has none. Or rather, worse: he has an answer, but one of very sobering effect. His answer to the question ‘what is the meaning of life?’ is simply ‘It has no meaning. Life is absurd’:
But Camus would not have been a philosopher if he had been content just to register life’s meaninglessness. He in fact not only backed up his pessimistic judgment with many examples but took this absurdity of the world as the starting point for a whole series of interesting reflections. He posed, for example, the radical question of whether, given the world’s absurdity, the only consistent course of action is to take one’s own life: Is suicide the logical conclusion to be drawn from the experience of meaninglessness? Or must one rather carry on living in and with the feeling of absurdity? And if so – how is one to