Responsive Web Design by Example : Beginner's Guide - Second Edition

By Thoriq Firdaus

Responsive web design is an explosive area of growth in modern web development due to the huge volume of different device sizes and resolutions that are now commercially available.

By following our detailed step-by-step instructions in this reference guide, you will learn to build engaging responsive websites. With coverage of Responsive Grid System, Bootstrap, and Foundation, you will learn about three of the most powerful frameworks in responsive web design. You will learn to create a cool blog page, a beautiful portfolio site, and a crisp professional business site and make them all totally responsive. You'll also find out which framework works best for your project specifications.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Packt Publishing
• Release date: Nov 24, 2014
• ISBN: 9781783553266

Book preview

Table of Contents

Responsive Web Design by Example Beginner's Guide Second Edition

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

www.PacktPub.com

Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more

Why subscribe?

Free access for Packt account holders

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Sections

Time for action – heading

What just happened?

Pop quiz – heading

Have a go hero – heading

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Responsive Web Design

Responsive web design in a nutshell

Viewport meta tag

A word on screen size and viewport

Media queries

A look into responsive frameworks

The Responsive.gs framework

A word on CSS box model

CSS3 box sizing

The Bootstrap framework

The Foundation framework

A brief introduction to CSS preprocessors

Have a Go Hero — delve into responsive web design

Pop Quiz — responsive web design main components

Responsive web design inspiration sources

Summary

2. Web Development Tools

Choosing a code editor

Sublime Text Package Control

Time for action – installing Sublime Text Package Control

What just happened?

Have a go hero – install the LESS and Sass syntax-highlighting package

Setting up a local server

Time for action – installing XAMPP

What just happened?

Choosing a CSS preprocessor compiler

Browser for development

Source maps

Mobile emulator

Managing project dependency with Bower

Time for action – installing Node.js

What just happened?

Have a go hero – get yourself familiar with command lines

Time for action – installing Bower

What just happened?

Bower commands

Pop quiz – web development tools and command lines

Summary

3. Constructing a Simple Responsive Blog with Responsive.gs

Responsive.gs components

The classes

Using HTML5 elements for semantic markups

HTML5 search input types

HTML5 placeholder attribute

HTML5 in Internet Explorer

A look into polyfills in the Responsive.gs package

Box sizing polyfills

CSS3 media queries polyfill

Examining the blog's wireframe

Organizing project directories and files

Time for action – creating and organizing project directories and assets

What just happened?

Have a go hero – making the directory structure more organized

Pop quiz – using polyfill

The blog HTML structures

Time for action – constructing the blog

What just happened?

Have a go hero – creating more blog pages

Pop quiz – HTML5 elements

Summary

4. Enhancing the Blog Appearance

Using CSS3

Creating rounded corners with CSS3

Creating drop shadow

CSS3 browser supports and the use of vendor prefix

Customizing to placeholder text styles

Using CSS libraries

Working with Koala

Time for action – integrating project directory into Koala and combining the style sheets

What just happened?

Have a go hero – renaming the output

Pop quiz – website performance rules

Thinking mobile first

Composing the blog styles

Time for action – composing the base style rules

What just happened?

Have a go hero – customizing the link color

Time for action – enhancing the header and the navigation appearance with CSS

What just happened?

Have a go hero – customizing the header

Time for action – enhancing the content section appearance with CSS

What just happened?

Have a go hero – improving the content section

Time for action – enhancing the footer section appearance with CSS

What just happened?

Optimize the blog for desktop

Time for action – composing style rules for desktop

What just happened?

Making Internet Explorer more capable with polyfills

Time for action – patch Internet Explorer with polyfills

What just happened?

Have a go hero – polish the blog for Internet Explorer

Summary

5. Developing a Portfolio Website with Bootstrap

The Bootstrap components

The Bootstrap responsive grid

Bootstrap buttons and forms

Bootstrap Jumbotron

Bootstrap third-party extensions

Jasny Bootstrap off-canvas

Digging into Bootstrap

Using font icons

Examining the portfolio website layout

Project directories, assets, and dependencies

Time for action – organizing project directories, assets, and installing project dependencies with Bower

What just happened?

Have a go hero – specifying Bower custom directory

Pop quiz – test your understanding on Bower commands

Updating Bower components

The portfolio website HTML structure

Time for action – building the website HTML structure

What just happened?

Have a go hero – extending the portfolio website

Pop quiz – Bootstrap button classes

Summary

6. Polishing the Responsive Portfolio Website with LESS

Basic LESS syntax

Variables

Nesting style rules

Mixins

Parametric mixins

Specify a default value in a parametric mixin

Merging mixins with extend syntax

Generating value with mathematical operations

Generating color with mathematical operations and LESS functions

Referential import

Using a variable in an import statement

Using source map for easier style debugging

More on LESS

External style sheet references

Time for action – creating style sheets and organizing external style sheet references

What just happened?

Have a go hero – name and organize the style sheets

Pop quiz – which of the following option is not LESS Import option?

Working with Koala

Time for action – compiling LESS into CSS using Koala

What just happened?

Polishing the portfolio website with LESS

Time for action – composing the website styles with LESS syntax

What just happened?

Have a go hero – being more creative

Pop quiz — using LESS function and extend syntax

Improve and make the website functioning with JavaScript

Time for action – compiling JavaScript with Koala

What just happened?

Summary

7. A Responsive Website for Business with Foundation

Examining the website layout

A look into Foundation

The grid system

The buttons

The navigation and top bar

The pricing tables

Moving around Orbit

How is Orbit constructed?

Adding add-ons, the font Icons

Further on Foundation

Additional required assets

The project directories, assets, and dependencies

Time for action – organizing the project directories, assets, and dependencies

What just happened?

Time for action – building the website's HTML structure

What just happened?

Summary

8. Extending Foundation

Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets

Nesting rules

Storing a value with a variable

Variable interpolation

Reusable code block with mixins

A brief on the Sass mixin library

Creating and using a Sass function

Manipulating color with Sass functions

Useful Foundation's own function

Em and Rem

Have a go hero – diving into Sass

Pop quiz – multiple parameters in Sass function

Pop quiz – Sass color manipulation

Project recap

Style sheet organizations

Time for action – organizing and compiling style sheets

What just happened?

The website's look and feel

Time for action – build on the website

What just happened?

Have a go hero – colors and creativities

Pop quiz – importing an external Sass style sheet

Fine-tuning the website

Time for action – compiling JavaScript and styling the website with media queries

What just happened?

Have a go hero – remove unnecessary Foundation components

Summary

A. Pop Quiz Answers

Chapter 1, Responsive Web Design

Pop quiz – responsive web design main components

Chapter 2, Web Development Tools

Pop quiz – web development tools and command lines

Chapter 3, Constructing a Simple Respons3ive Blog with Responsive.gs

Pop quiz – using polyfill

Pop quiz – HTML5 elements

Chapter 4, Enhancing the Blog Appearance

Pop quiz – website performance rules

Chapter 5, Developing a Portfolio Website with Bootstrap

Pop quiz – test your understanding on Bower commands

Pop quiz – Bootstrap button classes

Chapter 6, Polishing the Responsive Portfolio Website with LESS

Pop quiz – which of the following option is not LESS Import option?

Pop quiz – using LESS function and extend syntax

Chapter 8, Extend Foundation

Pop quiz – multiple parameters in Sass function

Pop quiz – Sass color manipulation

Pop quiz – importing external Sass style sheet

Index

Responsive Web Design by Example Beginner's Guide Second Edition

---

Responsive Web Design by Example Beginner's Guide Second Edition

Copyright © 2014 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

First published: March 2013

Second edition: November 2014

Production reference: 1171114

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

Livery Place

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Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

ISBN 978-1-78355-325-9

www.packtpub.com

Credits

Author

Thoriq Firdaus

Reviewers

Saumya Dwivedi

Gabriel Hilal

Joydip Kanjilal

Anirudh Prabhu

Taroon Tyagi

Commissioning Editor

Julian Ursell

Acquisition Editor

Sam Wood

Content Development Editor

Kirti Patil

Technical Editor

Anand Singh

Copy Editors

Sarang Chari

Shambhavi Pai

Project Coordinator

Kranti Berde

Proofreaders

Maria Gould

Lesley Harrison

Linda Morris

Indexers

Rekha Nair

Priya Sane

Production Coordinator

Kyle Albuquerque

Cover Work

Kyle Albuquerque

About the Author

Thoriq Firdaus is a web developer and lives in Indonesia. He has been dabbling in web design and development for more than 5 years, working with many clients of varying sizes. He appreciates the giving nature of the web design community at large. He also loves trying out new things in CSS3 and HTML5 and occasionally speaks at some local colleges and institutions on the subject.

Outside of work, he loves spending time with his wife and daughter, watching movies, and enjoying meals at nearby cafes and restaurants.

About the Reviewers

Saumya Dwivedi is currently a member of the technical staff of Groupon India Pvt. Ltd. She obtained a BTech degree in Computer Science from the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad. She is a software enthusiast and worked on the responsive design of Gnome websites during one of her internships. She hails from Indore (Madhya Pradesh) and currently resides in Chennai.

Gabriel Hilal is a full-stack web developer specializing in Ruby on Rails and related technologies. He has a Bachelor's degree in Information Systems (Internet Business) and a Master's degree in Information Systems with Management Studies, both from Kingston University, London. During his time at the university, he developed a passion for Ruby on Rails, and since then, he has done freelance work using behavior-driven development and agile methodologies to build high-quality Rails applications. He can be contacted via his website (www.gabrielhilal.com) or by e-mail at .

Joydip Kanjilal is a Microsoft Most Valuable Professional in ASP.NET, speaker, and author of several books and articles. He has more than 16 years of experience in IT, with more than 10 years in Microsoft .NET and related technologies. He has been selected as MSDN Featured Developer of the Fortnight (MSDN) a number of times and also as Community Credit Winner at www.community-credit.com several times.

He is the author of the following books:

Visual Studio 2010 and .NET 4 Six in One, Wiley India Private Limited

ASP.NET 4.0 Programming, McGraw-Hill Osborne

Entity Framework Tutorial, Packt Publishing

Pro Sync Framework, Apress

Sams Teach Yourself ASP.NET Ajax in 24 Hours, Sams

ASP.NET Data Presentation Controls Essentials, Packt Publishing

He is the reviewer of the following books:

jQuery UI Cookbook, Packt Publishing

Instant Testing with QUnit, Packt Publishing

Instant jQuery Selectors, Packt Publishing

C# 5 First Look, Packt Publishing

jQuery 1.3 Reference Guide, Packt Publishing

HTML 5 Step by Step, O'Reilly Media

He has authored more than 250 articles for some of the most reputable sites, such as www.msdn.microsoft.com, www.code-magazine.com, www.asptoday.com, www.devx.com, www.ddj.com, www.aspalliance.com, www.aspnetpro.com, www.sql-server-performance.com, www.sswug.org, and so on. A lot of these articles have been selected and published on www.asp.net—Microsoft's official site on ASP.NET.

He has years of experience in designing and architecting solutions for various domains. His technical strengths include C, C++, VC++, Java, C# 5, Microsoft .NET, Ajax, WCF 4, ASP.NET MVC 4, ASP.NET Web API, REST, SOA, design patterns, SQL Server 2012, Google's Protocol Buffers, WPF, Silverlight 5, operating systems, and computer architecture.

He blogs at http://aspadvice.com/blogs/joydip and his website is www.joydipkanjilal.com. You can follow him on Twitter at https://twitter.com/joydipkanjilal and on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/joydipkanjilal. You can also find him on LinkedIn at http://in.linkedin.com/in/joydipkanjilal.

I would like to thank my family for providing me with the support to make this book a success.

Anirudh Prabhu is a software engineer (Web) with more than 5 years of industry experience. He specializes in technologies such as HTML5, CSS3, PHP, jQuery, Twitter Bootstrap, and SASS. He also has knowledge of CoffeeScript and AngularJS. In addition to web development, he has been involved in building training materials and writing tutorials for twenty19 (http://www.twenty19.com/) for the technologies mentioned previously.

Besides Packt Publishing, he has been associated with Apress and Manning Publications as a technical reviewer for several of their titles.

Taroon Tyagi is a dreamer, designer, and a solution architect for mobile platforms and the Web. He is a rationalistic optimist, with lust for food, technology, and knowledge. He has more than 5 years of professional and industrial experience in web, UX, UI design, and frontend development. He currently works as the Head of Design and Interaction at Fizzy Software Pvt. Ltd, based out of Gurgaon, India.

When online, he is constantly involved with web communities experimenting with new technologies and looking for inspiration. When offline, he enjoys music, books, wire-framing, and digging philosophy.

He worked as a technical reviewer for a few books published by Packt Publishing.

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Preface

Responsive web design has taken the web design industry by storm. It's not a trend but a norm; it is something that is now normally expected from a website. You might have read and come across many discussions about responsive web design on blogs, forums, Facebook, and Twitter. Likewise, you want your website to be responsive in order to make it presentable on any screen size. Hence, this is the book you are looking for.

This book teaches you how to build presentable, responsive websites through examples, tips, and best practices of code writing and project organization. Additionally, you will also learn how to use CSS preprocessors, LESS, and Sass, which allows you to compose leaner style rules.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Responsive Web Design, looks at the basic principle behind responsive web design, explains the basic technicalities to build a responsive website and features a couple of responsive frameworks as well as the advantages of using one.

Chapter 2, Web Development Tools, helps you to prepare, install, and set up the software to run projects and build responsive websites.

Chapter 3, Constructing a Simple Responsive Blog with Responsive.gs, introduces the Responsive.gs framework and builds the HTML structure of a blog using several HTML5 elements and the Responsive.gs grid system.

Chapter 4, Enhancing the Blog