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    Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage That Redrew the Map of the New World
    Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage That Redrew the Map of the New World
    Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage That Redrew the Map of the New World
    Ebook451 pages6 hours

    Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage That Redrew the Map of the New World

    By Douglas Hunter

    3.5/5

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    About this ebook

    The year 2009 marks the four-hundredth anniversary of Henry Hudson's discovery of the majestic river that bears his name. Just in time for this milestone, Douglas Hunter, sailor, scholar, and storyteller, has written the first book-length history of the 1609 adventure that put New York on the map.
    Hudson was commissioned by the mighty Dutch East India Company to find a northeastern passage over Russia to the lucrative ports of China. But the inscrutable Hudson, defying his orders, turned his ship around and instead headed west-far west-to the largely unexplored coastline between Spanish Florida and the Grand Banks.
    Once there, Hudson began a seemingly aimless cruise-perhaps to conduct an espionage mission for his native England-but eventually dropped anchor off Coney Island. Hudson and his crew were the first Europeans to visit New York in more than eighty years, and soon went off the map into unexplored waters.
    Hudson's discoveries reshaped the history of the new world, and laid the foundation for New York to become a global capital. Hunter has shed new light on this rogue voyage with unprecedented research. Painstakingly reconstructing the course of the Half Moon from logbooks and diaries, Hunter offers an entirely new timeline of Hudson's passage based on innovative forensic navigation, as well as original insights into his motivations.
    Half Moon offers a rich narrative of adventure and exploration, filled with international intrigue, backstage business drama, and Hudson's own unstoppable urge to discover. This brisk tale re-creates the espionage, economics, and politics that drove men to the edge of the known world and beyond.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherBloomsbury Publishing
    Release dateSep 8, 2009
    ISBN9781608191765
    Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage That Redrew the Map of the New World
    Author

    Douglas Hunter

    DOUGLAS HUNTER has written widely on business, history, the environment and sports, and was a finalist for the Writers’ Trust Non-Fiction Prize and the Governor General’s Literary Award for his book God’s Mercies. His previous books include The Race to the New World; Molson: The Birth of a Business Empire; Yzerman: The Making of a Champion; and The Bubble and the Bear: How Nortel Burst the Canadian Dream, which won the National Business Book Award. He is also a doctoral candidate in history at York University. Born and raised in Hamilton, where Tim Hortons first became successful, Hunter now lives in Port McNicoll, Ontario. Follow him on Twitter @sweetwatercruis.

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    Reviews for Half Moon

    3.5/5

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    • 5/5
      Most schoolchildren know the story of Henrik Hudson, the Dutch explorer who was sent to find the New World and after a routine trip, lived happily ever after. Luckily Douglas Hunter has come forward to set the record straight, informing us that none of the above is true. The actual story, as it has been unfolding after closer scrutiny of Robert Juet's journal and other sources, is a lot more interesting.To begin with, Hudson was a man who at the least found ways to get financial backing for his projects by selling investors on what they wanted to hear. At most he might have been one of the all-time great snake oil salesmen with a gift of relieving the gullible of their funds to finance his own projects. As the final years of his life approached, he probably had many places he avoided and there were few locations in the western world where he could go without facing major consequences to his actions.Henry Hudson was an Englishman, not a Dutchman, and how he came to be working for the Dutch VOC investors is a good story in itself. Having had some success in his ventures, he comes up with a scheme to get funds to go where he wants to go and do what he wants to do, not exactly what his investors have paid him for. There is speculation, as well as some circumstantial evidence, that he may have been a “double agent”, actually being protected and/or reimbursed by English interests at the expense of the Dutch. Douglas Hunter astutely points out that it was only in the years afterwards, when claims were disputed over which country actually could claim rights to the new world, that more than one country claimed Henry Hudson was working for them and that they were the ones who sent him out on the mission. In actuality, the Dutch East India Company sent him in the complete opposite direction and we don’t know for certain if Hudson even had the same objective as his backers.One interesting and completely overlooked item of interest on Hudson’s voyage has been the crew manifest. Can you expect a good outcome when you sail off with a bunch of pirates who are lying in wait for the captain to make a mistake? Perhaps Henry Hudson was the greatest pirate of all on board, pulling off greater (corporate) thefts, more than simply taking what could be pilfered on the high seas and at ports of call. The author has some interesting observations and speculations on the crew, too. Who were Robert Juet and John Colman and what did they bring to the voyage in terms of skills, distractions, or drama? If the author’s speculations are even partially correct, then Hudson was sailing off into the perfect storm, with his fate already sealed although he managed to put it off for a while. It was only a matter of time until his crew sent him and his teenage son out to their cruel end. The crew turned up later with all the messy details of Hudson’s fate neatly tied up and, as a consequence, no one was punished. Stories persisted in later years that Hudson’s son may have been rescued and joined up with the Inuit or First Nations but that has never been proven. Perhaps DNA could prove this is so one day.What makes Hunter’s contribution so valuable, at least to me, is that he knows maritime navigation, maps, tides, and 17th century sailing and navigation procedures. What makes the Hudson River one of the most unusual rivers in the world and why did the Native Americans call it “The River That Flows Both Ways”? What is it about the Hudson River and nearby geography that made it impossible to hop into a 17th century sailing ship and zip through the bays, then head up the river? What took them so long? Why is there salt water so many miles to the north of the outlet of the Hudson, oftentimes days north toward the freshwater source? The author patiently takes the time to explain this to us so we can fully understand what a monumental undertaking it was for Hudson to push forward, trying to make sense of readings that were nothing like what an experienced navigator had come to expect.In particular, Douglas Hunter’s excellent maps and illustrations of the sailing ship are extremely helpful in understanding the challenges and issues confronting Hudson and his crew. Henry Hudson was indeed a brave man, especially if you consider that he set out with overly optimistic myths about the weather, incredibly inaccurate maps, fear and ignorance, as well as plain old callous indifference to the numerous indigenous people he would encounter along the way, many of them well-armed. Even so, he refused to turn back until it was all too clear that his ship could proceed no further.Perhaps I have a special interest in that Hudson is a family name and I have spent a good deal of time on and in the Hudson, from the headwaters in the Adirondack Mountains to New York’s bays, and points in between. I have also spent time on several 17th century sailing ship replicas and have a special interest in the beginnings of our country, in particular, the beginnings of New Amsterdam where New York City is today. What I really enjoy though, is a good investigation, especially a historical one. Like unraveling a good mystery, investigation is busting the old myths and bringing an already interesting story into three-dimensional relief. We can thank Douglas Hunter for giving us a new perspective and understanding of our history.
    • 4/5
      This first book-length history of the 1609 adventure, four centuries after the event, re-creates the espionage, economics and politics of an age when discoveries in the New World on the American continent were the passion and obsession of old world merchants, politicians and adventurers alike.Hunter combines his navigational, research and narrative skills to produce a work that is long on new details of this complex voyage, based on many primary source records, yet moves through the human story smoothly as well. He pulls no punches on the human frailties of the adventurers as they face incredible physical and mental challenges in "uncharted waters."Hudson was commissioned by the mighty Dutch East India Company to take the Half Moon and its crew on a voyage of discovery to find an arctic passage north of Russia to the lucrative ports of China but instead explored the eastern coast of North America for the entrance to a northwest passage. This book is the story of that adventure, and includes newly created charts and maps, based on new scholarship and interpretations, of the River that eventually bore his name.The intrigue involving merchants and politicians of the early seventeenth century in Netherlands, England, Spain and France, among others, provides a distinctive backdrop to this nautical adventure.If these circumstances are of interest to you, I highly recommend this book as a satisfying read.Note: This review prepared based on a copy of the book received from the publisher as a part of the Early Reviewer Program conducted by LibraryThing.
    • 3/5
      Douglas Hunter is a competent researcher and wordsmith. I was intrigued in the story of Henry Hudson, since the history books of my schooling showed nothing but adoration for the Englishman come Dutch explorer. In what would normally be a half-to-full page oratory on the man that is both the proto-founder of Newfoundland and New York, Mr. Hunter has expanded this into a tome that is a more of an anatomy of the business of sailing than it is of discovery. Practically every name that was involved with exploration and maps in the late 16th and early 17th Centuries is mentioned here, with frank openness contrary to what history may say. Douglas Hunter takes great leave with history, making assumptions calculated by his knowledge of sailing and maps, which may fuddle the mind as he traipse through his book with collaborations of fact and his own thoughts of what might have really happened.Undoubtedly this is a must-have for any historian or history book collector, and those curious of shipping in that time of Hudson. But, also, without a doubt, this book shines poorly on Henry Hudson, making him seem aloof as a captain, and a somewhat accidental adventurer. His first trip to America (or in this case, Newfoundland and the future New York area), would cause bloodshed for natives in LaHave, and later, the death of a crewman during a botched trade. And more death when Natives became more suspicious of the voyagers.Most of the book does deal with the explorations by the Half Moon and crew, and touches briefly with the Hopewell voyage prior, and the disastrous Discovery voyage later. Once involved, it seemed that the ending of the book was too short, yet with little that is known of the latter trip to America, it is natural that it should be thus.The book is plodding, but if you can read Tom Clancy, then this is an obvious read. And again, it is a cornucopia of words and fact. In the end, a once trivial man becomes a poor man of fate.
    • 4/5
      Half Moon is an very detailed account of Henry Hudson's voyage of 1609 and his discoveries in the New York area. It seems to be very well-researched and it is a good read for anyone who is interested in Hudson or the feeling of that time period. I enjoyed the narrative in general and was able to follow the flow of events as the book develops into more of an adventure in later chapters. The players and events leading up to the main voyage covered in this book are intricately described and these chapters at the beginning of the book took me a lot of effort to get through. Around the 6th and 7th chapter, however, as the ship sails, you feel like the book begins to run faster as well and the read becomes easier and, to me, much more interesting. As it turns out, Mr. Hudson is a bit of a rogue. He has the traits you might expect of a 15th century sea captain - he is secretive, driven, a bit brutal and myopic. It is these characteristics and the crew mixture that drive the results of each voyage...good or bad. I won't give this away here. The book was informative and I learned a great deal about the voyages that I had not learned growing up (including some obvious facts that schools should include). For me, the book was more detailed than I would have hoped, but for a 15th century history buff...probably just about right.
    • 4/5
      Overall this was an interesting book about a little-known explorer's little-known explorations of the northernmost coast of North America. However, while you have to applaud the author's efforts given the scarcity of historical documentation, as some other reviewers have already pointed out, the lack of information leads the writer to speculate more frequently than I'd like or to simply leave some loose ends untied. Similarly, the author does tend to jump back and forth within the time line of Hudson's story -- sometimes without forewarning the reader -- which can be frustrating at best, confusing at worst leading the reader to use a little more brainpower than one would sometimes like while doing leisure reading in order to straighten out the chronology in your mind. Others have correctly pointed out that the author employs a lot of detail regarding the nautical and political background but rather than find this distracting as some put it, I appreciate such attention to detail in a historical biography. But then I really enjoy history with a story behind it and read this book that reason. For someone who prefers a story with a bit of history to back it up, this text may prove too fastidious a read.
    • 3/5
      Half Moon by Douglas Hunter is the history of Henry Hudson's voyage where he discovered the Hudson River. While the story was interesting, ultimately I found it buried too deeply for me to enjoy. The details on ship construction, sailing, and navigation were just too distracting for someone (like me) with no background in these areas. The narrative also often jumped from the main story to a description of a previous or even a subsequent voyage, which interrupted the flow. Overall, it was a worthwhile read, but it took me a long time to get through it because I kept losing interest. I must say that the second half of the book seemed to move along much more smoothly than the first half.
    • 4/5
      I must confess that when setting out to read Douglas Hunter’s book Half Moon,I had only a rudimentary grasp of historical facts surrounding the exploration of the Americas. Mr. Hunter begins by explaining the circumstances in these turbulent times when the English captain, Henry Husdon, sought sponsorship for his exploratory voyages. Hudson, an opportunist, negotiated his support between private financiers, Kings and religious interests primarily to accomplish his own personal ambitions. Setting out in the opposite direction from the route Hudson had committed to sail, even the culturally “careful” (suspicious) Dutch East India Company officers were not aware of Hudson’s course. To his credit, Mr. Hunter pieced the story together using the journal of Hudson’s shipmate, Robert Juet, shared navigational charts, nautical logs, and other historical accounts. Having said that, I was distracted by the piecing together, speculation, and the many questions that still remain without concrete answers. I enjoyed reading Half Moon because it dispelled some of the false illusions I had about this period of history. Perhaps the enduring allure of this voyage lies in it’s mystery.
    • 4/5
      In Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage that Redrew the Map of the New World, author Douglas Hunter richly details Henry Hudson’s third and penultimate voyage of discovery, the 1609 expedition aboard the Half Moon.In the first several chapters, Hunter sets the stage for the Half Moon expedition by describing the explorers, voyages, financiers, and financial interests that shaped the maritime geopolitical landscape in the early 17th century. We see how Hudson, an Englishman, was commissioned by the Dutch East India Company to search for and secure a northeast passage to Asia. When this attempt failed (as others previously had, and as Hudson himself supposed it would) near the Arctic islands of Novaya Zemlya to the north of Russia, Hudson reversed course, in violation of his contract, and sailed the Half Moon for North America in search of a northwest passage above Canada or a transcontinental portage route to the Orient. In narrating the voyage, Hunter mostly draws upon the journal of Hudson’s first mate, Robert Juet. After a stormy crossing of the Atlantic, the Half Moon spends considerable time probing several North American coastal waterways, including the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays, before finally arriving in theretofore uncharted New York Harbor. Along the way, Hunter gives us an appreciation of the art and science that skilled navigators needed to master while exploring uncharted waters - most interestingly to this reader the soundings, wind behaviors, tidal patterns, and water salinities that were observed and recorded throughout the voyage.As we enter New York Harbor about halfway through the book, we discover it as it once was. Hunter admits that a major challenge in deciphering the events of the Half Moon voyage is the fact that the geographic features have changed enormously in four centuries, as shorelines around metropolitan New York have been aggressively re-engineered. Hunter notes the irony that the Dutch, who would launch the development of this mercantile center a little more than a decade after Hudson’s voyage, now account for less than 4% of its trade tonnage today. While China on the other hand, the country Hudson was trying to reach by finding a way either through or around North America, now accounts for about one quarter of it! But the heart and soul of this work is the adventure narrative describing Hudson’s exploration up and down the great river that today bears his name.I selected this book because I am an avid reader of historical narrative. However, I found it at times to read more like historical reference rather than narrative, particularly in the chapters preceeding the Half Moon's arrival in New York Harbor. Although I greatly enjoyed Hunter's work, and appreciate the tremendous amount of time and effort he undoubtedly invested into his research, especially in light of the scarcity of available records, I would recommend it only to a reader with a keen interest in this topic, rather than to the reader of general historical narrative.
    • 3/5
      A relatively easy read—a refreshing little injection of an area of history that seems dominated by a few figures, while others, like Hudson, have seen significantly less attention. The maps and illustrations leave something to be desired, at least in the pre-release version that I have. I haven't quite finished the book yet, but to anyone particularly interested in the period, this should be a worthwhile trip. Note, though, that it sacrifices detail for a shorter and quicker trip.
    • 4/5
      Half Moon by Douglas Hunter raises more questions than provides answers. As other reviewers have noted, there is a paucity of primary sources about the life of Henry Hudson. Nothing is known about his life before 1608. His reason for undertaking an unauthorized voyage to eastern North America in 1609 remains unknown (he ignored the Dutch East India Company's instructions to follow a northeast route to China over the top of Russia). In 1611, mutineers aboard the vessel "Discovery" set Hudson adrift in a rowboat near James Bay, Canada. Hudson was never seen again. The explanations of 17th century navigation, the geology of the Hudson River Valley and the encounters with native populations of coastal North America were well written. As someone whose previous knowledge of Hudson was limited to a single paragraph from a junior high textbook, I found this book to be an illuminating read.
    • 3/5
      In Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage that Redrew the Map of the New World, author Douglas Hunter retells the voyage that launched Henry Hudson into the history books. Running a rebellious expedition, Hudson took his crew across the Atlantic in hopes of discovering a direct route to the Orient. His trip to North America included exploring the Chesapeake Bay, Delaware Bay, greater New York area, and an extended trip up the Hudson River, all the way to present day Albany. While he never found a direct route to Asia, Hudson’s observations on the area of present day New York proved a catalyst for European traders to send more expeditions, ultimately leading to a permanent settlement.Hunter does a fine job in researching and recounting Hudson’s expedition. Much of the primary materials have been lost to time, and most of the surviving secondary material is skewed to the point of propaganda. Through all this, Hunter weeds through the different interpretations and revisions to Hudson’s history to present a more accurate recount of the Half Moon expedition.At times the book is unpolished; the author will briefly mention an event, pursue an unrelated tangent, and then fully describe the event later. It is evident that Hunter has done painstaking research into all aspects of 17th century sailing and exploration, which shows in the detailed excursus throughout the book. However, these sections seem to be spiced into the narrative at will, often with weak tie-ins, thus taking away from the main story.
    • 4/5
      This book was an interesting attempt to tell the story of Henry Hudson's discovery of the Hudson River. Given the fact that there are so few facts about either Hudson or the story surrounding his journey, Hunter is forced to rely almost exclusively on second-hand sources and conjecture as to how faithfully to read all of the sources before him. Even the diary of those who traveled on the ship itself had motives other than telling the unvarnished truth. And Hunter seems to neatly weave his knowledge of sailing with his understanding of nautical history in the colonial era.The main problem with the book, and likely a by-product of the lack of historical evidence before him and the lack of common knowledge among his likely readership of the sources surrounding navigation in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, is that Hunter's story often jumps back and forth from Hudson's trip to the background behind those second-hand sources on which Hudson may have been relying. While the background is necessary for the reading, the manner of placing them as asides makes the book even more difficult to follow. Regardless, this is an important book and welcome addition to the bibliography of the era of European discovery and colonization.
    • 3/5
      In Half Moon, Douglas Hunter tells the story of Henry Hudson's third voyage, in which he explored New York and claimed it for the Dutch. Hunter's ability to reconstruct Hudson's probable itinerary by comparing evidence from the ship's logs against historical charts and navigation aids is truly remarkable. But while I came away impressed by the reconstruction, I felt that the amount of detail that Hunter needed to include to prove his case caused the narrative to drag in places. On the other hand, when the story moved from navigational details to things like contact with Native Americans, it often seemed as if he were stretching admittedly thin evidence farther than it could really go. While Hunter is always scrupulous about using words like "might" and "could have" while speculating, I often felt that he might be going too far in these sections to spice up the more basic reconstruction of Hudson's route. I ended up feeling that Hunter could have written a either a successful monograph or historical novel, but there just wasn't enough surviving material about the voyage for him to pull off a popular history.
    • 4/5
      Half Moon by Douglas Hunter, is the fascinating story of Henry Hudson’s defiant third and most important voyage to the New World in 1609 in search of a Northwest Passage. Using period documentation and secondary sources Mr. Hunter carefully paints a picture of Hudson, his voyage, and the Age of Exploration. Included in this detailed account are the financial, political and personal influences that shaped this important age and its bearing on the European settling of North America, and the dismantling of the indigenous settlements in the New York area. There is plenty of information here about other significant players like John Smith and Samuel de Champlain. Throughout the volume are a number of maps that assist the reader in navigating through the adventure, as well as an extensive bibliography.
    • 3/5
      In this book Douglas Hunter tries what may have proven to be an impossible task. How do you tell the story of Hudson's voyage up what would become the Hudson River. Almost no documentation of the survives, there are no records of Hudson's history before the voyage.While those are the shortcomings that the author has to work with, he tries to piece together the story of the voyage. I think that where he does not get bogged down into areas of nautical minutiae and tries to tell the story he succeeds. If the first third of the book was a bit shorter it probably would have flowed better.
    • 3/5
      It's such a pity. Douglas Hunter has all of the ingredients to cook up an enveloping and heretofore untold story. The premise is delicious: The story of how Henry Hudson's New York Harbor-discovering adventure was really a maniacal farce involving the essential hijacking of an East India Company ship and its incompatible (half English, half Dutch, fully unable to communicate with each other) crew. For months the officers back in Amsterdam assume he's doing what he should be: probing the northeast arctic maritime frontier for a miraculous route to China (p.s. no such thing). Instead Hudson is bopping up and down the eastern seaboard of the (now) United States in flagrant insubordination, eventually tripping upon the harbor at New York and the river that bears his name. This sounds wickedly intriguing. The Jacobean era--Hudson's voyage was in 1609--is a fascinating one and also one with which I have some facility and a good dose of interest. Mr. Hunter must have been furiously excited to write this book; it has all of the heart-pounding tidbits a historian could wish for. Intrigue. Discovery. A story that hasn't really been told before. And yet something goes wrong with the delivery. Mr. Hunter's second passion, along with history, is sailing and maritime lore. This is an excellent pastime to inform the details of the story. But so often, instead playing a supporting role, it becomes the foreground focus that we lose track of what it is exactly that Henry Hudson is doing. Points of the compass, shoals, fathoms and soundings come up more than the lay reader would expect or desire. The specifics interrupt the flow enough that it is difficult to become attached to the story. Every so often it drops enticingly into narrative--a tale of a ill-begotten raid on a native village or the homey mention of the crew's cat running to and fro across the ship--but then it's as if Mr. Hunter gets distracted and suddenly once again we're hearing about the politics of previous voyages or the minutiae of the ship's armaments. It's not that asides are detrimental. Herodotus showed us that they can be beautiful. But "Half Moon" is a book composed of asides.This is not entirely Mr. Hunter's fault. The scarcity of surviving primary material is almost shocking. Nothing is known of Henry Hudson's personal life. He appeared on the historical map in 1607, as if sprung fully grown from Zeus' head. We don't really have much in the way of logs for the voyage, other than some fragments written by crew member Robert Juet. Much of the documentation of any relevant previous voyages is lost, too. Without Mr. Hunter's sailing asides, a relatively unreasonable amount of speculations (an uncomfortable number of sentences end in question marks), and healthy seasonings of surrounding European politics and other (mostly failed) colonization attempts, there wouldn't be a book here. And that, in a nutshell, is the problem. Distilled to half its length, the story would hold the interest of the average history aficionado. As it exists today, it requires a keen interest in the times and the equipment of the sea.
    • 3/5
      I don’t exactly know where to start this review. This book is a worthwhile read, but I was disappointed by it. For me, it was confusing to read. The author seemed to jump back and forth in telling the story of Henry Hudson’s exploration in 1609. At times, the story was about preceding events, then subsequent events, then Hudson’s voyage and back and forth again. As another reviewer has commented, it also seemed that the author had trouble deciding whether to write a scholarly work or a general interest work. Included in the book is background on the Dutch company that commissioned the journey by Hudson that eventually led to his exploring the New York estuary. Hudson began his journey as assigned by exploring for a Northeast passage to the Orient. He soon reversed course and headed for North America. Hudson was an Englishman, but most of his crew were Dutch and this contributed to communication difficulties. Hudson had to always watch his back and be aware of unrest among his crew.The book includes many maps, but some of them were very difficult to read. I am not sure why, but the maps were not as helpful as maps usually are for me. One of the more interesting parts of the book were the excerpts from the journal kept by Robert Juet, one of the Englishmen on the journey.Limited source material would have made it difficult to compile the information needed to cover the topic. Sometimes, the author conjectured on what must have happened. This included much of the discussion of the interaction with the native peoples.I would recommend this book only for readers who are interested in a thorough discussion of early exploration of the east coast of North America.
    • 4/5
      This greatly exceeded my expectations. Henry Hudson appears on the world stage for only four years: his death is well known, but his early years are not. Hunter manages to flesh out the thin historical record by placing the voyage of the Half Moon in the context of the other voyages of exploration underway at the time. More interestingly, Hunter brings some practical seamanship to the task, and describes in fascinating detail the problems of navigation and of sailing that Hudson faced. Recommended.
    • 3/5
      This book was okay, and was worth reading, but it started extremely slowly. I felt that the author couldn't decide between writing adventure narrative and writing academic historical research, and in the end, produced something that was simply a poor effort at both.The front half of the book was very hard to slog through for me, though I suppose someone with extensive background in the time period and other explorations may have enjoyed it more. Hunter spent a great deal of time describing arcane nautical minutiae, techniques, and history which admittedly did set a richer stage for the latter half of the book, but not so much as to make all that detail necessary. I think it was just too much arcana. Also, Hunter engaged in what clearly was passionate and possibly heroic research to piece together the front-story to the expedition of the New Moon. Unfortunately for me, I thought his track of connect-the-dots was presented as much more concrete than it warranted. For example, several phrases and types of statements occurred so frequently that they distracted me and made me question what exactly the author actually knew or if he was just guessing at the entire story. These repeated statements were about who "may have" been related to whom, who "must have" met whom as well as where and when they must have met, how four or more different names used by several different people "surely were" referring to the same person, and what books, records, and maps Hudson "would have," "must have," or "surely was," familiar with, in possession of, or basing his explorations on.The story he weaves is plausible, and I find the effort truly genious, and readily admit that part of my trouble may simply be my failure to be able to follow, but I just found the thread was consistently a bit thin, sketchy, conjectural, and hard to follow. If it was indeed simply my anemic intellect inhibiting my ability to see well-grounded validity in his arguments, then even so that simply illustrates my point that the book was not written to a clear target audience. If written to a layman as an adventure narrative, then get to the story; if written as academic research, then nail down what is concrete, and discard or more clearly mark what is conjectural.The last half of the book was very rewarding, though, as it cut much of the arcana and got down to the story. If the first 10 chapters were cut down to 1, I would give it 4 stars out of five.
    • 3/5
      Apparently it is not always easy to recognize a good harbor while sailing along the coast of a continent. For example, Francis Drake sailed right past the Golden Gate without noticing it on his famous circumnavigation of the globe. And quite a few French, English, and (maybe) Spanish explorers sailed right past the entrance to New York harbor without noticing it. John Verrazano “discovered” the entrance to the harbor in 1524, but did not explore the area enough to realize its potential; moreover, he never penetrated the harbor far enough to become aware of the large river that empties into it from the north. Not until 1609, when Henry Hudson piloted the Half Moon on a strange voyage of discovery, did Europeans learn of the great harbor and the strategic transportation corridor of the Hudson River Valley.Hudson’s employers must have been indeed surprised by the results of his voyage, since he had been hired to try to find a Northeast passage (around Russia to the north) to the Orient! How Hudson ended up exploring the east coast of the America instead is the subject of Douglas Hunter’s Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage that Redrew the Map of the New World. Hudson was in the employ of the Dutch East India Company (known as the VOC) when he made his historic voyage. He had attempted, but failed, to find a northeast passage to the Orient in 1608. When he tried again in 1609, he encountered rough weather near Norway. He might have returned to port in Amsterdam; instead, he made a 3,000-mile detour and headed across the Atlantic. Several earlier cartographers had speculated that a large river traversed the North American continent all the way to the Pacific, and in violation of his charter with the VOC, Hudson set out to find it. Recreating Hudson’s actual voyage is difficult because no logbook has survived. Instead, we have only the diary of one of his crew and later recorded oral history of some other survivors of the voyage. Hudson tried first at the Chesapeake Bay, hoping to work his way north to what we know as the Potomac River, but was frustrated by the presence of the English colony at Jamestown and an English vessel that might have been a war ship. So he left the Chesapeake and voyaged north, coming upon the Verrazano Narrows and ultimately New York harbor and what we now call the Hudson River. He ventured up the Hudson near present day Albany, where the river ceased to be navigable, which was no mean feat of sailing. He hoped to cross the continent, or if not, at least to make it to the St. Lawrence River. (As we now know, there is no transcontinental river, but Hudson contributed greatly to the European understanding of the geography of eastern North America. His voyage inspired the Dutch to colonize the New York area.) Frustrated, Hudson returned to Europe, but he did not return to Holland; instead, he stopped at Dartmouth, England. From there he was able to arrange another voyage of discovery, this time to find a northwest passage around Canada. That trip resulted in the discovery of Hudson Bay. Hudson’s crew mutinied on that voyage and abandoned him, his son, and a few loyal crew members to their fate—they were never seen again.Evaluation: Hunter’s book is a fairly scholarly attempt to recreate the voyage of the Half Moon. It does contain several very informative small-scale maps, but I recommend keeping a good atlas handy while reading this book. Although it focuses primarily on a single voyage, the book provides a good insight into how long and piecemeal the process of discovering and exploring the New World was for Europeans. Nevertheless, it is not always a very readable book in that it discusses in great detail where the Half Moon was on particular dates. It may be primarily of interest to specialists in Hudson and/or exploration.
    • 4/5
      This is an interesting and very well-written book, nominally focused on Henry Hudson's voyage aboard the Half Moon in the early 1600s. The book actually covers quite a bit more ground than just this voyage, and it weaves a compelling narrative around all of Hudson's voyages, as well as the explorations of others around the areas of what are now New England and Eastern Canada. A good read.
    • 4/5
      Douglas Hunter has created a persuasive picture of the events and socio-political environment surrounding Henry Hudson's explorations. He has obviously done substantial research into the documentation of explorations of the time and debunks popular myths with possible and more probable explanations. While the pure science of navigation and what is known and not known about the geography of the Atlantic coast and Hudson River areas is in itself fascinating, I am not a scientist and can only say Hunter writes with authority. He refers to sources but this work is much more readable than it would have been as a scholarly treatise. What made me stay with this book most was learning about the politics and commercial interests that were at the heart of the exploration. Hudson surely was an adventurer and explorer extraordinaire, but he was able to get his ships and work the system by political and commercial manipulation. I heartily recommend this book.
    • 3/5
      Hunter obviously spent a long time doing thorough research for this book. But at times I found the details taking away from the story of Hudson's travels around Long Island and up the river that one day would bear his name. Hudson's sailing ability can't be questioned. The intrigue that followed him and his true reasons for exploring the new world were interesting and changed how I think about many of the Europeans who sailed here. The accounts of the treatment of natives the Half Moon crew came in contact with should not have been shocking, but were. A compelling read.
    • 4/5
      The author appears to have made a effort to uncover trustworthy documentation of Henry Hudson's life and voyages of discovery. While almost nothing is known of him before the early 1600's, there are scraps of information from letters which suggest various political intrigues involved in Henry Hudson's voyage on the Half Moon. They provide possible explanations for his refusal to follow the sailing instructions given by the VOC.The author also spends a great deal of effort in trying to pinpoint the course of the ship. This effort edges upon getting tiresome but moves on before doing so. Another interesting story in both the Half Moon voyage and his final one, is that of human relations both within his crew and with the natives they encounter. It was these successes and failures that had the largest impact upon his legacy.
    • 5/5
      I suspect that at the root of it all, Columbus is to blame – not for discovering the New World and beginning the European invasion that push aside whole civilizations – but rather for the confusion over which explorer discovered what, when, and for whom. Of course, this also begs the question of who actually discovered anything since the New World was only new to the Europeans and was very well known to its inhabitants. But Christopher Columbus, who discovered America for Spain, was actually an Italian from Genoa. So it should not come as a great surprise that Henrik Hudson who explored what would be called the Hudson River and secured New Amsterdam for the Dutch was actually an Englishman (and it would be the English who took New Amsterdam and launched it upon the path that would make it New York, New York).Douglas Hunter has presented us with a new account of Henry Hudson’s explorations that blends history, biography, and travelogue. His account also makes clear that these expeditions were not purely for science, nor merely for adventure, but were at their foundation the most speculative of business investments. As a journalist and historian, Hunter has written about the financial sector, business, sailing, modern professional sports, and other episodes in the history of exploration. This background is reflected in Hunter’s narrative of the decisions made by Henry Hudson, whose voyages were business ventures heading beyond charted waters into the unknown when even his best maps and charts had to be used with care and attention in case by error or by ignorance they turned out to be wrong and perhaps fatally wrong.Hudson’s story is also about management and leadership. He had to deal with investors, his mostly Dutch crewmen and the senior subordinates on board ship, Native Americans who displayed at times hostility as well as friendly curiosity, and with various outsiders and even rivals who were also seeking the discovery that would make them wealthy and famous. The author does not hide the foreshadowing in his discussion of these issues, noting that Hudson would disappear in 1611 during a subsequent voyage. His crew would mutiny and place Hudson, his teenage son, and eight crewmen in an open boat and leave them in what is today Hudson’s Bay, Canada. The crew was tried and acquitted of murder but the issue of their mutiny was never placed before a judge or jury.As much as I appreciated the discussion of period exploration and of the how, when, and where the knowledge gained in various explorations was distributed and shared, I was most interested in the actual voyage on the Hudson River. This portion of the book is written with an eye on today’s New York and its surroundings as well as on Hudson’s experiences in and perceptions of the waterways and shoreline that surround the site of the future metropolis. I especially appreciated the charts of the Hudson River that accompany the author’s discussion of that part of the story told here. I am really looking forward now to the opportunity to see this waterway first hand and to compare it with Hudson’s experience of the river now named for him.
    • 2/5
      Overall, this book is a well written and informative account of Henry Hudson's 1609 voyage to America. Being interested and excited by adventure and exploration I had to force myself through the first half of Hunter's book. Students and historians may find the details in this book to be supportive and necessary, but I found them to be distracting to the adventure story I was hoping for and expecting. Had this book not been an ARC, and I not felt obliged to finish it, I may very well have missed out on the last and better half.
    • 3/5
      Just in time for the 400th anniversary of Henry Hudson’s discovery of the Hudson River, Half Moon: Henry Hudson and the Voyage that Redrew the Map of the New World tells the story of Hudson’s second to last voyage on which he discovered the river that would one day bear his name. Hudson had been retained by the Dutch East India Company to find a passage to the Orient across the top of Asia. Hudson was mildly certain this could not be done, so after a short attempt to round the top of Russia he sailed the Half Moon to the east coast of North America, in violation of his contract, in an attempt to find a mid-continental passage to the Pacific. After ranging up and down the east coast, Hudson entered what would later be called New York Bay. He soon discovered the mouth of a river he thought would lead him either to the St. Lawrence River or to the Pacific Ocean. Hudson proceeded up the river as far as it was navigable, then came back down, and set sail for England, not wanting to return to Amsterdam after violating his contract. There are few surviving records from the voyage. The primary source was the journal of Robert Juet, one of Hudson’s officers. In addition to the description of Hudson’s voyage, Mr. Hunter describes previous and concurrent journeys to the New World as well as the European politics of exploration. I found it interesting that even though by the time of Hudson’s voyage, multiple trips had been made to North America by different explorers, there was no agreement on the shape of the coast line, the locations (or existence) of islands, or the locations of rivers and bays. This was due, in part, to the imprecise determination of longitude, as well as the inability to determine latitude at all. I found Hunter’s portrayal of the trip up the Hudson River interesting and engaging. Unfortunately, the journey up the river doesn’t begin until well past the half way point in the book. Prior to that, Hudson sailed up and down the coast seemingly at random and I had a difficult time maintaining interest in this portion of the journey. While Mr. Hunter is obviously very knowledgeable regarding the tidal patterns, salinity, and currents of the New York Bay and its surrounding waterways, I began to feel my eyes glaze over whenever he began to discuss them. There is a lack of source material covering this voyage and Hudson in general. Nothing is known of his life prior to 1607, just two years prior to this voyage. This is obviously not the fault of Mr. Hunter, who made a good effort with what was available. Perhaps the scarcity of source material precluded this subject from being treated in this format. Overall I would not recommend Half Moon to the general reader. Anyone who already has an interest in Hudson and his travels might find it of interest. I received an ARC of this book from Bloomsbury publishing.
    • 4/5
      An excellent, intriguing account of Henry Hudson's 1609 voyage to America. Everything you didn't learn in school! Very detailed geographically, and nautically (beyond my knowledge), Hunter's book tells the story of Hudson's secret voyage to the New World and the river Hudson hoped would open the Northwest Passage. Wonderful!

    Book preview

    Half Moon - Douglas Hunter

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