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Northanger Abbey
Northanger Abbey
Northanger Abbey
Ebook356 pages6 hours

Northanger Abbey

Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

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About this ebook

To coincide with the launch of The Austen Project an ebook collection of Jane Austen’s timeless novels.

‘Northanger Abbey! These were thrilling words, and wound up Catherine's feelings to the highest point of ecstasy.’

Considered the most light-hearted and satirical of Austen’s novels, Northanger Abbey tells the story of an unlikely young heroine Catherine Morland. While staying in Bath, Catherine meets Henry Tilney and his sister Eleanor who invite her to their family estate, Northanger Abbey. A fan of Gothic Romance novels, naive Catherine is soon letting her imagination run wild in the atmospheric abbey.

A coming-of-age novel, Austen expertly parodies the Gothic romance novels of her time and reveals much about her unsentimental view of love and marriage in the eighteenth century.

LanguageEnglish
Release dateMar 27, 2014
ISBN9780007517961
Author

Jane Austen

Jane Austen (1775-1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six major novels—Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, Emma, Northanger Abbey, and Persuasion—which observe and critique the British gentry of the late eighteenth century. Her mastery of wit, irony, and social commentary made her a beloved and acclaimed author in her lifetime, a distinction she still enjoys today around the world.

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Reviews for Northanger Abbey

Rating: 3.8375630734211543 out of 5 stars
4/5

5,162 ratings189 reviews

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  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    After being so-so about Pride and Prejudice, which everyone seems to love, I was suprised at how much I liked Northanger Abbey. It is genuinely funny.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    A quite surprising novel in its frankness and how it treats the subject matter. Austen proves her worth by crafting characters whose journeys inward parallel the motion of the plot-line occurring around them. While the prose might seem a little dated by today's standards, there is still much to be admired here. This is, I believe, one of Austen's finer novels.

    3.35-- worth the read.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Not my favourite Austen novel, but still a lovely read and a very intriguing story. Northanger Abbey concerns itself with appearance, style, and fashion. This is established immediately with the author's advertisement, and with the repetition in the first few chapters that Catherine is the "heroine" and must appear "heroic." Of course, Austen breaks down the rules of appearances, demonstrating throughout the length of the novel that nothing is as it appears. Even the lovely abbey that Catherine longs for, she soon remarks that it is the place where she has been most miserable, and received the most terrible news, as opposed to its exterior joys. All in all, it's a snarky Austen, and a witty Austen, but it lacks the mastery of some of Austen's other works.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey was the first she completed for publication, in 1803, though it was not published until after her death in 1817. The work satirizes gothic novels though the heroine, Catherine Morland, who “is in training for a heroine.” She is fond of gothic novels, particularly the work of Ann Radcliffe’s work, and this allows Austen to comment on the novel as a literary form, defending it against critics who derided it for its supposed lack of serious content. Discussing her reading habits, Catherine describes the follies then current in historical writing, saying, “The quarrels of popes and kings, with wars or pestilences, in every page; the men all so good for nothing, and hardly any women at all – it is very tiresome: and yet I often think it odd that it should be so dull, for a great deal of it must be invention. The speeches that are put into the heroes’ mouths, their thoughts and designs – the chief of all this must be invention, and invention is what delights me in other books” (pg. 102). As modern academic history was relatively recent, first appearing with Edward Gibbon’s The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire in 1776, Austen comments on the earlier fashion of historical writing and how authors would simply repackage classical texts with some of their own inventions to spice up the narrative. The power of reading runs through Austen’s work, driving many of Catherine’s choices and informing her conversations. This Barnes & Noble edition includes an introduction and notes from Alfred Mac Adam that the Austen scholar may find interesting, though his habit of putting definitions for all the early-nineteenth century terms in the footnotes becomes distracting, especially as the meaning of most can be gleaned from context.
  • Rating: 1 out of 5 stars
    1/5
    I see what she was trying to do here, but it comes off more frustrated and catty than satirical. It does make me glad that I live in the 21st century, though, and not the 18th.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    This may make me a disgrace to Jane Austen fandom, but Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice have always been fairly interchangeable in my mind. They’re just so similar! So, even though I love them both dearly, I was initially very excited to start this book and find something a bit different. As always, I adored Austen’s writing style and her pointed humor. In this book, she very deliberately breaks the tropes of the Gothic novel, with funny asides about the genre along the way. Her points are made clearly enough that I could tell what she was making fun of in Gothic novels, even though I’ve read very few myself. However, as I got further into the book, it soon became clear that there was essentially no plot and the main character isn’t very bright. Although she does grow a bit, she has very little agency. Nearly all of the difficulties she faces are in her head or at least blown all out of proportion. I didn’t really feel that this silly main protagonist deserved the intelligent, funny, kind love interest. In typical Austen fashion though, everything just works itself out in the last few pages. This doesn’t typically bother me, but in this case, there wasn’t enough action by the main character preceding the speedy resolution. Only Austen’s wonderful writing saved this for me.

    This review first published on Doing Dewey.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    I read this book way back in 1982 and I thinks it's due for a re-read.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I'm not usually a great love of classical lit, but I loved this book! I wiil definitly read it again. I'm going to move on to Pursuasion, since I'm a lover of Jane Austen now!!
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I'd forgotten just how funny Northanger Abbey really is. Listening to it on audiobook this time around gave me plenty of opportunities to laugh out loud and the reading by Juliet Stevenson was truly superb. It is a shame that Austen didn't get to revise Northanger Abbey before her death as she had intended to. It is without doubt a weaker novel than her masterpieces: the ending is rushed and the two distinct threads of the novel don't meld together that convincingly. However, it is splendidly funny, the satire is sharp and the authorial voice witty. Austen's comments on the behaviour of immature young women, the demands of friendship and the influence of trashy novels feel fresh and relevant today. I enjoyed every moment of this wonderful book!
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This was fun, especially the beginning and the very end of Northanger Abbey where Austen indulges in meta-comments, authorial intrusions, direct appeals to the reader, and the most obvious jokes. Most of the rest of this short novel plays out like a regular Jane Austen book, with the occasional reminder that this is -- in part -- a parody. Jane Austen parodying her own style and genre. Fun!
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I am so glad I read this - so that I never have to read it again. She's a very good author, I agree - but you have to have some knowledge of a subject to enjoy a satire on it, and I avoid Gothic novels because I find them boring and histrionic. So I missed 90% of her clever satirical bits (all but the ones she pointed out with loud handwavings and lampshadings) and got to read a boring, histrionic Gothic novel. The characters are rather sketchy - aside from Our Heroine and a little bit Our Hero, none of them move much past stereotype. The events are (deliberately) dull, ordinary, and conventional...hmm, we never did get that abduction in a coach and four she mentioned as a future event. I was expecting it to show up during her ride home, and to be conventionally explained. It's almost a sweet little romance, but the obstacles are so silly... I also found the narrator/author extremely intrusive, particularly at the beginning while she was explaining how Catherine was a heroine despite lacking all the standard markers. Hopefully this is part of the satire, and not her standard form. I will read more Austen (this was, I believe, my first), and will do my best to forget about this one.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Northanger Abbey is probably Jane Austen's lesser known novel and yet it is one of her funniest. It was the first novel she completed and is a satire on the gothic literature that was very popular at the time. Catherine Moreland is the heroine of the story. She is a small-town, naive girl who is taken to Bath by her friends and neighbors for a little adventure. While there, she meets Henry Tilney (the greatest and most hilarious hero Jane Austen ever created) along with some other unforgettable characters (Isabella and John Thorpe for example) who teach Catherine more about the harsh realities of life than she ever imagined. Catherine fantasizes and sometimes confuses fiction with reality, but is a very kind and trustworthy individual. It's a true delight to watch her grow up and fall in love.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I thoroughly enjoyed the first two thirds of Northanger Abbey, which I found quite different in tone from the other Austen books I’ve read (Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility), in that Austen “intrudes” into the story much more, addressing the reader directly, and is much more tongue-in-cheeky. I found her sensibilities quite modern (which admittedly surprised me) and the writing witty. However, this part of the book also left me confused as to the title—Northanger Abbey isn’t mentioned until page 165 of the book I own. Unfortunately, once the characters actually get to Northanger Abbey, the rest of the plot devolved for me—perhaps I’m not familiar enough with the Gothic genre she was poking fun of, but the last third of the story seemed sillier and more forced, which disappointed me. Still, this was an enjoyable read and gave me a glimpse into a different Austen than I was familiar with.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I've loved Jane Austen's other novels, and this was a fairly entertaining diversion, especially if you've got any experience reading 18th Century Gothic novels. It probably isn't something I'll come back to as I will with her others, but I'm glad to have explored it over once--a relaxing break from the real world if nothing else, and an easy read.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    My least favorite of Austen's works. I prefer "Sanditon," which she didn't even finish. The Gothick! sheen is just flimsy.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    A look at the human ability to self-deceive by Miss Austen. Combining a look at country foibles, and the embryonic "cozy" who-dun-it", the book moves along nicely. Somehow this book reminds me of "Cold Comfort Farm", by Stella Gibbons.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This is one of my favorites of Jane Austen. The characters are great--you can envision each of them. The dialogue is well played and let's face it, it really is very funny!
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Is anyone else wondering how many of the reviews of this book are reviews and how many are book reports?I'll try not to repeat the things that you can learn about this book just by reading the back cover, but there's a clear progression from this novel through Pride and Prejudice and all the way up to Persuasion. The satire in this book is broad and uncomplicated; the author is having fun with the genre and is not trying to hide that fact from us. Likewise, the characters neither have hidden depths nor grow throughout the book, but are pretty much as they are from beginning to end. Boo and hiss the unsubtle Isabella and the chauvinistic John Thorpe; cheer for the remarkably naive Catherine; enjoy the sophisticated Tilney children. Enjoy the book for what it is and don't worry about what it is not; but by no means make this your first Austen experience, because Northanger Abbey is not what Austen is about. Instead, read Pride and Prejudice first - it's the most fun. Then, if that caught your fancy, go on to Sense and Sensibility and Emma. Then, read Persuasion to see Austen at the sophisticated height of her powers. Then, and only then, go back and read this perky little satire, and you can smile to yourself at the silliness that a foolish young author will allow herself to get up to when she's learning how to write novels.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    **Spoiler Warning**This is my first time reading a Jane Austen novel. I have repeatedly seen and enjoyed the movie versions of all her other 5 major novels. So, I am quite familiar with Austen's work in that way. This is not the type of literature I usually read, but if I was going to pick one, then I'd choose the one I haven't seen, which is Northanger Abbey. I love Austen's prose... the language of the period is beautiful. There were quite a few moments in the novel where I smiled at some of the more humorous turns of phrase.However, I have to say, on the whole I wasn't crazy about this novel. I know it's her first, but there are many people that love it anyway, so I won't dwell on that point. I did have to get used to actually reading her style. There were quite a few times where I had to re-read passages because the sentences were especially long and complex. That's definitely my problem! But, there were also times when I was lost because I couldn't track who was speaking. I would have been grateful for an extra dialogue tag here and there. I'm not that "slow", but I truly had to retrace 3-way conversations because there were actually no dialogue tags!Then there's the characters. Catherine Morland was cute, but not terribly bright at times. As a Jane Austen heroine she seems to fall short a little. Yes, she's young and inexperienced and has an over-active imagination made worse by reading gothic horror books like "Udolpho", but isn't there more to recommend her character to us (other than Austen constantly referring to her as “our heroine”, therefore, we must like her)? She's loyal and trusting... to a fault. Eventually she sees the problems that can arise from these qualities and learns from her experiences. But to what end? How does any of that effect the outcome of the story?We’re supposed to like Henry Tilney, right? But what’s so great about him? He certainly doesn’t do much in the story. He goes away and comes back... a lot! And for no dramatically purposeful reason. There are also a few times when he talks down to Catherine! Seriously, what’s so great about this guy, because I think I missed it!Eleanor seems to have no personality whatsoever. What’s the deal with Captain Tilney? I never understood why he went after Isabella in the end. And speaking of the end… I found it it pretty rushed! Apparently, Catherine gets “turned out” because it seems General Tilney was under the false impression (through Thorpe) that Catherine came from a more affluent background than she did, and when he found out he was mislead, sent her home! He was so nice to her throughout the story because he thought she was rich?! OK, some people are jerks, but this is the climax of the story and it seems pretty weak! I actually thought we were meant to like General Tilney?! I was disappointed. I know that misjudging people is a theme of the book, but that point was already made several times with other characters by that point. Why, at almost the last minute, did General Tilney have to be “the villain”, so to speak?The resolution to this final “conflict” is that Henry shows up (again!) and says he stood up to his father, but General Tilney still won’t give his consent. How does this get resolved? Eleanor gets married out of the blue, to some heretofore unknown Viscount that the General swoons over (deus ex machina, anyone?), which lowers his will to oppose Henry’s marriage, so he finally relents in a fit of indifference! Yes, the General finds out that Catherine’s not quite so poor as he was led to believe (by Thorpe again… fool me once, General?), but surely his finally seeing the truth doesn’t fully redeem him for his final treatment of Catherine? And let’s not forget that all this happens in about the last two pages!!! I found myself craving more denouement. Furthermore, What do Henry and Catherine see in each other anyway?! Catherine is almost too mortified or inexperienced to form a truly firm, critical, or insightful opinion about anything in the whole story. She’s too silly and mousy. And Tilney just doesn’t do anything in the book, except occasionally lecture Catherine, sometimes with snide comments. There are no evil bad guys in this enlightened day and age, in our part of England, Catherine! Silly, girl! BTW, Henry, form an opinion about your brother… he’s a jerk… at least I think he is... he was in and out of the story pretty quickly… what were his motives?In the end, I fully admit… I have to see the movies several times to appreciate all the nuances, even when it’s right before my eyes and some director has pre-chewed it for me. Maybe I missed tons of unbelievably subtle nuances in this book… but I’m only reading it once!
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Austen's first novel is about loving novels, and the dangers inherent of that.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    ‘Northanger Abbey’ is very different to the other two Jane Austen books I’ve read. Not only is the subject of the book different – it is has a darker, more controversial and shocking side that ‘Emma’ and ‘Pride and Prejudice’ do not have, whilst at the same time being about a younger girl with a much lighter, naïve perspective on things than the other books had- but the style of writing is also quite different. Austen uses a lighter, more ‘fun’ technique of writing, referring to herself as the author of the story throughout the book and often introducing characters as if she was introducing them to a friend. This style of writing – as if you were talking and telling the story to someone instead of just writing it on paper – is often quite a common style these days, but compared to other very formal works of the time, which her other two books are more in tune with, ‘Northanger Abbey’ is very different.As I mentioned earlier, the book does have a slightly darker, more controversial side to it. Influenced by gothic novels, Catherine conjures up all kinds of awful crimes that General Tilney may have committed, including tales of murder and imprisonment. There is the same themes of young ladies misbehaving that was evident in ‘Pride and Prejudice’ when Lydia runs away with Mr. Whickam – here it is Catherine’s so-called friend Isabella who is shocking everyone with her misjudgement of situations and inability to behave respectfully.Catherine is a younger and more imperfect character than Austen’s other creations. Elizabeth Bennet and Emma both had flaws, but were both seen to be very intelligent and beautiful. The first chapter covers of ‘Northanger Abbey’ covers Catherine’s childhood as an unsightly young girl, and although she does develop, it always seems that she never really becomes ‘beautiful’, and for this we feel more compassion for her. She is also quite a slow girl – not very able in picking up signs in other’s behaviour and simply lacking in general intelligence and wit.‘Pride and Prejudice’ still remains my favourite Jane Austen book, but ‘Northanger Abbey’ probably comes in second so far. It is a lovely book that is very easy to enjoy, especially for someone more my age. I still, however, have Jane Austen’s other three published works to read before I can really make a fair comparison.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    I, being a huge Jane Austin fan, was very dissapointed in this book. It is my least favorite of her works. I thought the plot line was weak, and it just wasn't as good as her others.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Not really sure if Miss Jane is for me.I'm halfway through her six novels and, just now, when I figured it out, I said, out loud, "I'm only halfway through?"Not to say that I've disliked any of the three I've read so far, Pride and Prejudice, Persuasion and, now, Northanger Abbey. Let's just say that none of them have been page turners.I was aware that Northanger Abbey was a parody and was anticipating reading it. But I found Catherine's obliviousness and Isabella and John Thorpe's conniving quite frustrating. Mrs. Allen was irritating in her cluelessness. Thinking back on it, Eleanor and Henry Tilney were about the only likable characters therein.On the other hand, I did appreciate Catherine's clear sighted assessment of Isabella's final letter and my heart was warmed by Henry's gallant appearance at the Morlands' residence.Perhaps since Austen's conclusions are foregone (ie., the main characters will end up happily ever after) and, therefore, I am not reading her novels for plot, I tend to find them rather slow going, reading perhaps a chapter a night until I near the end when the pace picks up slightly.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Quite possibly one of my favorite books, Gothic romance and suspense, The first half went slow until I mastered to language, but it was the easiest Austen book to read and get into and I was able to read her other novels with more ease after this one.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Being the Austen fan that I am, I eventually would have read Northanger but due to the recommendation of a friend (also an Austen fan), I wound up reading it much sooner than I had anticipated. At first, I was hesitant: how good could Austen's first novel have been if it had been overlooked by many for almost 200 years? Nevertheless, I read it- and loved it. The simplicity of the main character (Catherine) and the trifles of her life when suddenly placed in Bath, England push the story along much faster than you could imagine. Although characters are blatantly divided into "good" and "evil" there is no denying the fact that sometimes people ally themselves with bad people. It also goes without saying that Austen did an eloquent job of providing the reader with that sense of being alone in a world where everyone seems to despise you. Northanger Abbey is a wonderful little novel that'll make you want to sit in bed on a cold night and "gobble it all up".
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    For biting satire, this is Jane Austen at her best. For storytelling, her other works are much stronger. There's not much I can say about Jane Austen that hasn't been said before and I have no intention of using this review for an in depth critical analysis of the text, so I'm just going to tell you what I liked about this satirical take on the gothic theme.More than any of Austen's books, this one conveyed to me a living, breathing sense of what life was like in Bath during the Season. Albeit through prose which is some of Austen's most sarcastic, nonetheless she really conveyed the crowded, bustle-filled social whirl that was Bath. The initial description of Catherine's arrival and first sortie out to the Upper Rooms, where they knew no-one, had a familiar ring to it. I loved her cutting sarcasm, she became more restrained in later novels (possibly as her writing and storycrafting also became more refined).Where this book was let down was in the story itself. Entertaining though Austen's dissection of Bath, the social structure of the day and the predominant fashion for gothic novels was, ascerbic and hilarious, it came at the expense of a truly absorbing story. There was no great romantic pairing, no Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy. I didn't feel in any way invested in our heroine and her romantic interest tale. If I was being uncharitable, I might even go so far as to say that I felt this novel was at times nothing more than a scaffold to enable Austen to vent spleen on her least favourite aspects of the society of the day.On balance, I liked the book - it was an enjoyable read but it was far from my favourite Austen novel.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This book is a quick read that is quite enjoyable. If you loved "Pride and Prejudice", you'll find Northanger Abbey to be in the same mold. Jane Austen brings the characters alive in this short novel.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    This is my new favorite Jane Austen book. It is poking fun in a gentle way at the Gothic horror/romances of her day. Austen has set the standard for wit, suspense and tension. Though there is little or no action, I could not put this down.Catherine is a young woman of seventeen who is just beginning to experience the world around her. Her naivety of the characters around her seems extreme, but she has been raised in a small village, in a loving home, with only her limited reading of novels to give her wisdom. When she is invited to stay at an ancient Abbey, her heart thrills. Will she be able to bear up under the mystery and suspense? Will the Abbey live up to all she has read? Or will she find real life's twists and turns a more thrilling adventure yet?
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Jane Austen's satire on the gothic novels of her time is, at the same time, a defense of the novel, according to the Austen scholar who was in my bookclub meeting the other day. The novel showcases Austen's sense of humor, and at times gently, at times not-so-gently, highlights flaws in the society.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    This was my first time reading a Jane Austen novel. I found it to be quite enjoyable and loved the humor that Ms Austen used. This is labeled to be a bit on the "gothic" side, however being use to today's type of gothic, this did not stand out at all to me. In Northanger Abbey, we have young Catherine Morland, who is off to spend a few weeks in Bath, with a dear family friend. While there, she sees many exciting things and meets many people. One such person, Eleanor Tilney, becomes a beloved friend and also happens to be the sister of Henry, who Catherine has fallen in love with.The time has soon come for the Tilney's to head home and Eleanor asks that Catherine come to stay with them. Not only does the prospect of getting to see the inside of a true Abbey excite her, but to be able to stay with her dear friend and be able to be near the man she has fallen in love with, are to good to be true.Once settled in Northanger Abbey, Catherine begins to question the death of Eleanor and Henry's mother. She envisions their father keeping their dear mother stashed away somewhere within the Abbey, or worse yet, having killed her at his own hand, rather than a sudden illness taking her life. Thus enters the role of the gothic play.By reading Northanger Abbey, I feel as though I was given the chance to travel back in a time much much different than today. I look forward to reading more of Jane Austin's work and may even search out the movie, based upon this book - just to see how it plays out on the screen, compared to how I envisioned it while reading.

Book preview

Northanger Abbey - Jane Austen

1

No one who had ever seen Catherine Morland in her infancy would have supposed her born to be an heroine. Her situation in life, the character of her father and mother, her own person and disposition, were all equally against her. Her father was a clergyman, without being neglected, or poor, and a very respectable man, though his name was Richard – and he had never been handsome. He had a considerable independence besides two good livings – and he was not in the least addicted to locking up his daughters. Her mother was a woman of useful plain sense, with a good temper, and, what is more remarkable, with a good constitution. She had three sons before Catherine was born; and instead of dying in bringing the latter into the world, as anybody might expect, she still lived on – lived to have six children more – to see them growing up around her, and to enjoy excellent health herself. A family of ten children will be always called a fine family, where there are heads and arms and legs enough for the number; but the Morlands had little other right to the word, for they were in general very plain, and Catherine, for many years of her life, as plain as any. She had a thin awkward figure, a sallow skin without colour, dark lank hair, and strong features – so much for her person; and not less unpropitious for heroism seemed her mind. She was fond of all boys’ plays, and greatly preferred cricket not merely to dolls, but to the more heroic enjoyments of infancy, nursing a dormouse, feeding a canary-bird, or watering a rose-bush. Indeed she had no taste for a garden; and if she gathered flowers at all, it was chiefly for the pleasure of mischief – at least so it was conjectured from her always preferring those which she was forbidden to take. Such were her propensities – her abilities were quite as extraordinary. She never could learn or understand anything before she was taught; and sometimes not even then, for she was often inattentive, and occasionally stupid. Her mother was three months in teaching her only to repeat the ‘Beggar’s Petition’; and after all, her next sister, Sally, could say it better than she did. Not that Catherine was always stupid – by no means; she learnt the fable of ‘The Hare and many Friends’ as quickly as any girl in England. Her mother wished her to learn music; and Catherine was sure she should like it, for she was very fond of tinkling the keys of the old forlorn spinner; so, at eight years old she began. She learnt a year, and could not bear it; and Mrs Morland, who did not insist on her daughters being accomplished in spite of incapacity or distaste, allowed her to leave off. The day which dismissed the music-master was one of the happiest of Catherine’s life. Her taste for drawing was not superior; though whenever she could obtain the outside of a letter from her mother or seize upon any other odd piece of paper, she did what she could in that way, by drawing houses and trees, hens and chickens, all very much like one another. Writing and accounts she was taught by her father; French by her mother: her proficiency in either was not remarkable, and she shirked her lessons in both whenever she could. What a strange, unaccountable character! – for with all these symptoms of profligacy at ten years old, she had neither a bad heart nor a bad temper, was seldom stubborn, scarcely ever quarrelsome, and very kind to the little ones, with few interruptions of tyranny; she was moreover noisy and wild, hated confinement and cleanliness, and loved nothing so well in the world as rolling down the green slope at the back of the house.

Such was Catherine Morland at ten. At fifteen, appearances were mending; she began to curl her hair and long for balls; her complexion improved, her features were softened by plumpness and colour, her eyes gained more animation, and her figure more consequence. Her love of dirt gave way to an inclination for finery, and she grew clean as she grew smart; she had now the pleasure of sometimes hearing her father and mother remark on her personal improvement. ‘Catherine grows quite a good-looking girl – she is almost pretty today,’ were words which caught her ears now and then; and how welcome were the sounds! To look almost pretty is an acquisition of higher delight to a girl who has been looking plain the first fifteen years of her life, than a beauty from her cradle can ever receive.

Mrs Morland was a very good woman, and wished to see her children everything they ought to be; but her time was so much occupied in lying-in and teaching the little ones, that her elder daughters were inevitably left to shift for themselves; and it was not very wonderful that Catherine, who had by nature nothing heroic about her, should prefer cricket, baseball, riding on horseback, and running about the country at the age of fourteen, to books – or at least books of information – for, provided that nothing like useful knowledge could be gained from them, provided they were all story and no reflection, she had never any objection to books at all. But from fifteen to seventeen she was in training for a heroine; she read all such works as heroines must read to supply their memories with those quotations which are so serviceable and so soothing in the vicissitudes of their eventful lives.

From Pope, she learnt to censure those who

— bear about the mockery of woe.

From Gray, that

Many a flower is born to blush unseen,

And waste its fragrance on the desert air.

From Thompson, that

It is a delightful task

To teach the young idea how to shoot.

And from Shakespeare she gained a great store of information – amongst the rest, that

— Trifles light as air,

Are, to the jealous, confirmation strong,

As proofs of Holy Writ.

That

The poor beetle, which we tread upon,

In corporal sufferance feels a pang as great

As when a giant dies.

And that a young woman in love always looks

— like Patience on a monument

Smiling at Grief.

So far her improvement was sufficient – and in many other points she came on exceedingly well; for though she could not write sonnets, she brought herself to read them; and though there seemed no chance of her throwing a whole party into raptures by a prelude on the pianoforte of her own composition, she could listen to other people’s performance with very little fatigue. Her greatest deficiency was in the pencil – she had no notion of drawing – not enough even to attempt a sketch of her lover’s profile, that she might be detected in the design. There she fell miserably short of the true heroic height. At present she did not know her own poverty, for she had no lover to portray. She had reached the age of seventeen, without having seen one amiable youth who could call forth her sensibility, without having inspired one real passion, and without having excited even any admiration but what was very moderate and very transient. This was strange indeed! But strange things may be generally accounted for if their cause be fairly searched out. There was not one lord in the neighbourhood; no – not even a baronet. There was not one family among their acquaintance who had reared and supported a boy accidentally found at their door – not one young man whose origin was unknown. Her father had no ward, and the squire of the parish no children.

But when a young lady is to be a heroine, the perverseness of forty surrounding families cannot prevent her. Something must and will happen to throw a hero in her way.

Mr Allen, who owned the chief of the property about Fullerton, the village in Wiltshire where the Morlands lived, was ordered to Bath for the benefit of a gouty constitution – and his lady, a good-humoured woman, fond of Miss Morland, and probably aware that if adventures will not befall a young lady in her own village, she must seek them abroad, invited her to go with them. Mr and Mrs Morland were all compliance, and Catherine all happiness.

2

In addition to what has been already said of Catherine Morland’s personal and mental endowments, when about to be launched into all the difficulties and dangers of a six weeks’ residence in Bath, it may be stated, for the reader’s more certain information, lest the following pages should otherwise fail of giving any idea of what her character is meant to be, that her heart was affectionate; her disposition cheerful and open, without conceit or affectation of any kind – her manners just removed from the awkwardness and shyness of a girl; her person pleasing, and, when in good looks, pretty – and her mind about as ignorant and uninformed as the female mind at seventeen usually is.

When the hour of departure drew near, the maternal anxiety of Mrs Morland will be naturally supposed to be most severe. A thousand alarming presentiments of evil to her beloved Catherine from this terrific separation must oppress her heart with sadness, and drown her in tears for the last day or two of their being together; and advice of the most important and applicable nature must of course flow from her wise lips in their parting conference in her closet. Cautions against the violence of such noblemen and baronets as delight in forcing young ladies away to some remote farm-house, must, at such a moment, relieve the fulness of her heart. Who would not think so? But Mrs Morland knew so little of lords and baronets, that she entertained no notion of their general mischievousness, and was wholly unsuspicious of danger to her daughter from their machinations. Her cautions were confined to the following points. ‘I beg, Catherine, you will always wrap yourself up very warm about the throat, when you come from the Rooms at night; and I wish you would try to keep some account of the money you spend; I will give you this little book on purpose.’

Sally, or rather Sarah (for what young lady of common gentility will reach the age of sixteen without altering her name as far as she can?), must from situation be at this time the intimate friend and confidante of her sister. It is remarkable, however, that she neither insisted on Catherine’s writing by every post, nor exacted her promise of transmitting the character of every new acquaintance, nor a detail of every interesting conversation that Bath might produce. Everything indeed relative to this important journey was done, on the part of the Morlands, with a degree of moderation and composure, which seemed rather consistent with the common feelings of common life, than with the refined susceptibilities, the tender emotions which the first separation of a heroine from her family ought always to excite. Her father, instead of giving her an unlimited order on his banker, or even putting an hundred pounds bank-bill into her hands, gave her only ten guineas, and promised her more when she wanted it.

Under these unpromising auspices, the parting took place, and the journey began. It was performed with suitable quietness and uneventful safety. Neither robbers nor tempests befriended them, nor one lucky overturn to introduce them to the hero. Nothing more alarming occurred than a fear, on Mrs Allen’s side, of having once left her clogs behind her at an inn, and that fortunately proved to be groundless.

They arrived at Bath. Catherine was all eager delight – her eyes were here, there, everywhere, as they approached its fine and striking environs, and afterwards drove through those streets which conducted them to the hotel. She was come to be happy, and she felt happy already.

They were soon settled in comfortable lodgings in Pulteney Street.

It is now expedient to give some description of Mrs Allen, that the reader may be able to judge in what manner her actions will hereafter tend to promote the general distress of the work, and how she will, probably, contribute to reduce poor Catherine to all the desperate wretchedness of which a last volume is capable – whether by her imprudence, vulgarity, or jealousy – whether by intercepting her letters, ruining her character, or turning her out of doors.

Mrs Allen was one of that numerous class of females, whose society can raise no other emotion than surprise at there being any men in the world who could like them well enough to marry them. She had neither beauty, genius, accomplishment, nor manner. The air of a gentlewoman, a great deal of quiet, inactive good temper, and a trifling turn of mind were all that could account for her being the choice of a sensible, intelligent man like Mr Allen. In one respect she was admirably fitted to introduce a young lady into public, being as fond of going everywhere and seeing everything herself as any young lady could be. Dress was her passion. She had a most harmless delight in being fine; and our heroine’s entrée into life could not take place till after three or four days had been spent in learning what was mostly worn, and her chaperone was provided with a dress of the newest fashion. Catherine too made some purchases herself, and when all these matters were arranged, the important evening came which was to usher her into the Upper Rooms. Her hair was cut and dressed by the best hand, her clothes put on with care, and both Mrs Allen and her maid declared she looked quite as she should do. With such encouragement, Catherine hoped at least to pass uncensured through the crowd. As for admiration, it was always very welcome when it came, but she did not depend on it.

Mrs Allen was so long in dressing that they did not enter the ballroom till late. The season was full, the room crowded, and the two ladies squeezed in as well as they could. As for Mr Allen, he repaired directly to the card-room, and left them to enjoy a mob by themselves. With more care for the safety of her new gown than for the comfort of her protegée, Mrs Allen made her way through the throng of men by the door, as swiftly as the necessary caution would allow; Catherine, however, kept close at her side, and linked her arm too firmly within her friend’s to be torn asunder by any common effort of a struggling assembly. But to her utter amazement she found that to proceed along the room was by no means the way to disengage themselves from the crowd; it seemed rather to increase as they went on, whereas she had imagined that when once fairly within the door, they should easily find seats and be able to watch the dances with perfect convenience. But this was far from being the case, and though by unwearied diligence they gained even the top of the room, their situation was just the same; they saw nothing of the dancers but the high feathers of some of the ladies. Still they moved on – something better was yet in view; and by a continued exertion of strength and ingenuity they found themselves at last in the passage behind the highest bench. Here there was something less of crowd than below; and hence Miss Morland had a comprehensive view of all the company beneath her, and of all the dangers of her late passage through them. It was a splendid sight, and she began, for the first time that evening, to feel herself at a ball: she longed to dance, but she had not an acquaintance in the room. Mrs Allen did all that she could do in such a case by saying very placidly, every now and then, ‘I wish you could dance, my dear – I wish you could get a partner.’ For some time her young friend felt obliged to her for these wishes; but they were repeated so often, and proved so totally ineffectual, that Catherine grew tired at last, and would thank her no more.

They were not long able, however, to enjoy the repose of the eminence they had so laboriously gained. Everybody was shortly in motion for tea, and they must squeeze out like the rest. Catherine began to feel something of disappointment – she was tired of being continually pressed against by people, the generality of whose faces possessed nothing to interest, and with all of whom she was so wholly unacquainted that she could not relieve the irksomeness of imprisonment by the exchange of a syllable with any of her fellow captives; and when at last arrived in the tea-room, she felt yet more the awkwardness of having no party to join, no acquaintance to claim, no gentleman to assist them. They saw nothing of Mr Allen; and after looking about them in vain for a more eligible situation, were obliged to sit down at the end of a table, at which a large party were already placed, without having anything to do there, or anybody to speak to, except each other.

Mrs Allen congratulated herself, as soon as they were seated, on having preserved her gown from injury. ‘It would have been very shocking to have it torn,’ said she, ‘would not it? It is such a delicate muslin. For my part I have not seen anything I like so well in the whole room, I assure you.’

‘How uncomfortable it is,’ whispered Catherine, ‘not to have a single acquaintance here!’

‘Yes, my dear,’ replied Mrs Allen, with perfect serenity, ‘it is very uncomfortable indeed.’

‘What shall we do? The gentlemen and ladies at this table look as if they wondered why we came here – we seem forcing ourselves into their party.’

‘Aye, so we do. That is very disagreeable. I wish we had a large acquaintance here.’

‘I wish we had any – it would be somebody to go to.’

‘Very true, my dear; and if we knew anybody we would join them directly. The Skinners were here last year – I wish they were here now.’

‘Had not we better go away as it is? Here are no tea-things for us, you see.’

‘No more there are, indeed. How very provoking! But I think we had better sit still, for one gets so tumbled in such a crowd! How is my head, my dear? Somebody gave me a push that has hurt it, I am afraid.’

‘No, indeed, it looks very nice. But, dear Mrs Allen, are you sure there is nobody you know in all this multitude of people? I think you must know somebody.’

‘I don’t, upon my word – I wish I did. I wish I had a large acquaintance here with all my heart, and then I should get you a partner. I should be so glad to have you dance. There goes a strange-looking woman! What an odd gown she has got on! How old-fashioned it is! Look at the back.’

After some time they received an offer of tea from one of their neighbours; it was thankfully accepted, and this introduced a light conversation with the gentleman who offered it, which was the only time that anybody spoke to them during the evening, till they were discovered and joined by Mr Allen when the dance was over.

‘Well, Miss Morland,’ said he, directly, ‘I hope you have had an agreeable ball.’

‘Very agreeable indeed,’ she replied, vainly endeavouring to hide a great yawn.

‘I wish she had been able to dance,’ said his wife; ‘I wish we could have got a partner for her. I have been saying how glad I should be if the Skinners were here this winter instead of last; or if the Parrys had come, as they talked of once, she might have danced with George Parry. I am so sorry she has not had a partner!’

‘We shall do better another evening I hope,’ was Mr Allen’s consolation.

The company began to disperse when the dancing was over – enough to leave space for the remainder to walk about in some comfort; and now was the time for a heroine, who had not yet played a very distinguished part in the events of the evening, to be noticed and admired. Every five minutes, by removing some of the crowd, gave greater openings for her charms. She was now seen by many young men who had not been near her before. Not one, however, started with rapturous wonder on beholding her, no whisper of eager inquiry ran round the room, nor was she once called a divinity by anybody. Yet Catherine was in very good looks, and had the company only seen her three years before, they would now have thought her exceedingly handsome.

She was looked at, however, and with some admiration; for, in her own hearing, two gentlemen pronounced her to be a pretty girl. Such words had their due effect; she immediately thought the evening pleasanter than she had found it before – her humble vanity was contented – she felt more obliged to the two young men for this simple praise than a true-quality heroine would have been for fifteen sonnets in celebration of her charms, and went to her chair in good humour with everybody, and perfectly satisfied with her share of public attention.

3

Every morning now brought its regular duties – shops were to be visited; some new part of the town to be looked at; and the Pump-room to be attended, where they paraded up and down for an hour, looking at everybody and speaking to no one. The wish of a numerous acquaintance in Bath was still uppermost with Mrs Allen, and she repeated it after every fresh proof, which every morning brought, of her knowing nobody at all.

They made their appearance in the Lower Rooms; and here fortune was more favourable to our heroine. The master of the ceremonies introduced to her a very gentlemanlike young man as a partner; his name was Tilney. He seemed to be about four or five and twenty, was rather tall, had a pleasing countenance, a very intelligent and lively eye, and, if not quite handsome, was very near it. His address was good, and Catherine felt herself in high luck. There was little leisure for speaking while they danced; but when they were seated at tea, she found him as agreeable as she had already given him credit for being. He talked with fluency and spirit – and there was an archness and pleasantry in his manner which interested, though it was hardly understood by her. After chatting some time on such matters as naturally arose from the objects around them, he suddenly addressed her with – ‘I have hitherto been very remiss, madam, in the proper attentions of a partner here; I have not yet asked you how long you have been in Bath; whether you were ever here before; whether you have been at the Upper Rooms, the theatre, and the concert; and how you like the place altogether. I have been very negligent – but are you now at leisure to satisfy me in these particulars? If you are I will begin directly.’

‘You need not give yourself that trouble, sir.’

‘No trouble, I assure you, madam.’ Then forming his features into a set smile, and affectedly softening his voice, he added, with a simpering air, ‘Have you been long in Bath, madam?’

‘About a week, sir,’ replied Catherine, trying not to laugh.

‘Really!’ with affected astonishment.

‘Why should you be surprised, sir?’

‘Why, indeed!’ said he, in his natural tone. ‘But some emotion must appear to be raised by your reply, and surprise is more easily assumed, and not less reasonable than any other. Now let us go on. Were you never here before, madam?’

‘Never, sir.’

‘Indeed! Have you yet honoured the Upper Rooms?’

‘Yes, sir, I was there last Monday.’

‘Have you been to the theatre?’

‘Yes, sir, I was at the play on Tuesday.’

‘To the concert?’

‘Yes, sir, on Wednesday.’

‘And are you altogether pleased with Bath?’

‘Yes – I like it very well.’

‘Now I must give one smirk, and then we may be rational again.’ Catherine turned away her head, not knowing whether she might venture to laugh. ‘I see what you think of me,’ said he gravely – ‘I shall make but a poor figure in your journal tomorrow.’

‘My journal!’

‘Yes, I know exactly what you will say: Friday, went to the Lower Rooms; wore my sprigged muslin robe with blue trimmings – plain black shoes – appeared to much advantage; but was strangely harassed by a queer, half-witted man, who would make me dance with him, and distressed me by his nonsense.’

‘Indeed I shall say no such thing.’

‘Shall I tell you what you ought to say?’

‘If you please.’

‘I danced with a very agreeable young man, introduced by Mr King; had a great deal of conversation with him – seems a most extraordinary genius – hope I may know more of him. That, madam, is what I wish you to say.’

‘But, perhaps, I keep no journal.’

‘Perhaps you are not sitting in this room, and I am not sitting by you. These are points in which a doubt is equally possible. Not keep a journal! How are your absent cousins to understand the tenor of your life in Bath without one? How are the civilities and compliments of every day to be related as they ought to be, unless noted down every evening in a journal? How are your various dresses to be remembered, and the particular state of your complexion, and curl of your hair to be described in all their diversities, without having constant recourse to a journal? My dear madam, I am not so ignorant of young ladies’ ways as you wish to believe me; it is this delightful habit of journalising which largely contributes to form the easy style of writing for which ladies are so generally celebrated. Everybody allows that the talent of writing agreeable letters is peculiarly female. Nature may have done something, but I am sure it must be essentially assisted by the practice of keeping a journal.’

‘I have sometimes thought,’ said Catherine, doubtingly, ‘whether ladies do write so much better letters than gentlemen! That is – I should not think the superiority was always on our side.’

‘As far as I have had opportunity of judging, it appears to me that the usual style of letter-writing among women is faultless, except in three particulars.’

‘And what are they?’

‘A general deficiency of subject, a total inattention to stops, and a very frequent ignorance of grammar.’

‘Upon my word! I need not have been afraid of disclaiming the compliment. You do not think too highly of us in that way.’

‘I should no more lay it down as a general rule that women write better letters than men, than that they sing better duets, or draw better landscapes. In every power, of which taste is the foundation, excellence is pretty fairly divided between the sexes.’

They were interrupted by Mrs Allen: ‘My dear Catherine,’ said she, ‘do take this pin out of my sleeve; I am afraid it has torn a hole already; I shall be quite sorry if it has, for this is a favourite gown, though it cost but nine shillings a yard.’

‘That is exactly what I should have guessed it, madam,’ said Mr Tilney, looking at the muslin.

‘Do you understand muslins, sir?’

‘Particularly well; I always buy my own cravats, and am allowed to be an excellent judge; and my sister has often trusted me in the choice of a gown. I bought one for her the other day, and it was pronounced to be a prodigious bargain by every lady who saw it. I gave but five shillings a yard for it, and a true Indian muslin.’

Mrs Allen was quite struck by his genius. ‘Men commonly take

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