Discover millions of ebooks, audiobooks, and so much more with a free trial

Only $11.99/month after trial. Cancel anytime.

Congo: The Epic History of a People
Congo: The Epic History of a People
Congo: The Epic History of a People
Ebook1,038 pages18 hours

Congo: The Epic History of a People

Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

4/5

()

Read preview

About this ebook

Hailed as "a monumental history . . . more exciting than any novel" (NRC Handelsblad),David van Reybrouck’s rich and gripping epic, in the tradition of Robert Hughes' The Fatal Shore, tells the extraordinary story of one of the world's most devastated countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo.

 Epic in scope yet eminently readable, penetrating and deeply moving, David van Reybrouck's Congo: The Epic History of a People traces the fate of one of the world's most critical, failed nation-states, second only to war-torn Somalia: the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Van Reybrouck takes us through several hundred years of history, bringing some of the most dramatic episodes in Congolese history. Here are the people and events that have impinged the Congo's development—from the slave trade to the ivory and rubber booms; from the arrival of Henry Morton Stanley to the tragic regime of King Leopold II; from global indignation to Belgian colonialism; from the struggle for independence to Mobutu's brutal rule; and from the world famous Rumble in the Jungle to the civil war over natural resources that began in 1996 and still rages today.

Van Reybrouck interweaves his own family's history with the voices of a diverse range of individuals—charismatic dictators, feuding warlords, child-soldiers, the elderly, female merchant smugglers, and many in the African diaspora of Europe and China—to offer a deeply humane approach to political history, focusing squarely on the Congolese perspective and returning a nation's history to its people.

Editor's Note

Essential popular history…

This massive book is a must-read for anyone who enjoys popular histories or who seeks to understand the modern state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and its neighboring countries.

LanguageEnglish
PublisherHarperCollins
Release dateMar 25, 2014
ISBN9780062200136
Congo: The Epic History of a People
Author

David van Reybrouck

David Van Reybrouck is an award-winning author, acclaimed playwright, reporter, and poet who holds a doctorate from Leiden University. He has traveled extensively throughout Africa and has been actively involved in organizing literary workshops for young Congolese writers. He lives in Brussels.

Related to Congo

Related ebooks

Politics For You

View More

Related articles

Related categories

Reviews for Congo

Rating: 4.071705573643412 out of 5 stars
4/5

258 ratings41 reviews

What did you think?

Tap to rate

Review must be at least 10 words

  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Recommended for anyone trying to understand a bit the situation in Congo today and in the past and how it is possible that a rich area is in such a terrible state. I would compare it with the books of Leon Uris on the Palestine - Israeli situation.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Knap werk, vooral door de afgewogen compositie: een geschiedverhaal verweven met (soms toch wel straffe) getuigenissen. Van Reybrouck is uiteraard afhankelijk van zijn getuigen om dingen wat meer in de verf te zetten, en dat wreekt zich af en toe, vooral in de turbulente periode Kasavubu-Lumumba. Ook over de figuur Mobutu blijf ik wat op mijn honger: zeker het beeld van de latere Mobutu blijft steken in clich?s. En de pogingen van Van Reybrouck om ook literair te scoren, verzanden soms in goedkope effecten.Dat neemt niet weg dat dit een schitterend boek is. Nieuw voor mij was vooral de introductie in de Congolese muziek-sc?ne. En dan natuurlijk: schrijnend hoe zo'n land en volk (volkeren?) met zoveel potentie maar niet uit het moeras geraken. Het slothoofdstuk over de Congolese kolonie in China is in dat opzicht zeker interessant en merkwaardig, en natuurlijk een uiting van mensen die een uitweg zoeken uit de miserie, maar misschien niet zo'n gelukkige keuze als slotpunt, want het gaat tenslotte om grof geldgewin van enkele handigaards. Ik denk dat er in Congo zelf veel meer lichtpunten voor de toekomst te vinden zijn.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    A page turning novel that seems to be written so as to easily translate to the screen. This is not a fault.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I got through it. Crichton is problematic. Africa...
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    It's been a long time since I first read this book and while Crichton's overall style didn't change much, his approach has. Boy is this novel full of awkward info dumps. That's pretty normal for him, but in this one he just threw stuff out there and didn't even attempt to disguise it as conversation or explanations to the uninitiated, say in a meeting, which is something he did later. Having also just read Jurassic Park, the difference is noticeable. It's still kind of clunky, but in books like this in which a lot of the plot hinges on things highly technical, it's important to clue the reader in. I just wish there was another way to do it.And because technology changes and changes fast, Congo feels really, really dated. There's all kinds of emphasis placed on computing time and how fast computers can spit out scenarios and answers as opposed to our sluggish brains. Then there's how hard it is to get a satellite link, probably because at the time there was probably only 3 of them up there. Funny. These days with cell phones and a zillion satellites, the issues the Congo team had to deal with are obsolete. It was fun to compare Crichton's speculations on where personal and industrial computing would go and where it actually did go. Another aspect that felt forced and preachy was the whole issue of animal treatment in research. I think these days both the public and the scientists who employ animals are a whole lot more aware of the animal's awareness and suffering. In the book Crichton grinds that ax but good and also makes a point to inform us of exactly how brutal chimpanzees are, but how much more highly regarded they are than gorillas. Strange, but I've always known that gorillas are much more gentle and less aggressive than chimps. Maybe it's from books like this that the world view was implanted in my brain. Or from knowing about the research from both Fossey and Goodall with the respective animals.The ending was benign though; no one gets the diamonds. I'm still not sure if Ross's explosions triggered the volcano that buried the mines, and the lost city, but it was convenient.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    An exciting story filled with suspense and mystery, but mostly filled with technical information written in an easy to understand way. The story itself is an adventure story, as the protagonists get closer and closer to their goal. One thing after the next stands in their way and hope for survival decreases. The inclusion of the gorilla makes it more interesting and at times lighthearted. Michael Crichton did a lot of research for this book. A massive amount of information about Africa's history, researchers, animal behavior, and technology fill the book. I personally enjoyed it, but I can see how it can be tedious and at times takes the immersion out of the story.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    I really, really wanted to like this book, because it was not a half bad movie, but I just couldn't get in to it. There's so much technical jargon and scientific crap going on that I just couldn't get excited about.I realize I probably shot myself in the foot by watching the movie first, but the text version was just not reader-friendly.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    Not a very good book. Not nearly as good as Jurrasic Park. Frankly, the only reason I kept reading was because I wanted to know what was going to happen to Amy the Gorilla. The ending was just plain weird. It's like Crichton just got tired of writing so he stopped.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    This is my second favorite Michael Crichton book, the first being Jurassic Park.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Lots of thought-provoking questions about what makes someone human, and what differentiates us form other primates. Fascinating interactions between Amy and the humans, and amongst the gorillas. Character development was pretty much nonexistent, while suspense was good.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Thrilling, as Crichton always is.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    I thoroughly enjoyed this book. as a zimbabwean trying to make sense of our current crisis this book highlights a lot of parallels & puts a lot issues into perspective. Doug Chiimba
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Knap werk, vooral door de afgewogen compositie: een geschiedverhaal verweven met (soms toch wel straffe) getuigenissen. Van Reybrouck is uiteraard afhankelijk van zijn getuigen om dingen wat meer in de verf te zetten, en dat wreekt zich af en toe, vooral in de turbulente periode Kasavubu-Lumumba. Ook over de figuur Mobutu blijf ik wat op mijn honger: zeker het beeld van de latere Mobutu blijft steken in clichés. En de pogingen van Van Reybrouck om ook literair te scoren, verzanden soms in goedkope effecten.Dat neemt niet weg dat dit een schitterend boek is. Nieuw voor mij was vooral de introductie in de Congolese muziek-scène. En dan natuurlijk: schrijnend hoe zo'n land en volk (volkeren?) met zoveel potentie maar niet uit het moeras geraken. Het slothoofdstuk over de Congolese kolonie in China is in dat opzicht zeker interessant en merkwaardig, en natuurlijk een uiting van mensen die een uitweg zoeken uit de miserie, maar misschien niet zo'n gelukkige keuze als slotpunt, want het gaat tenslotte om grof geldgewin van enkele handigaards. Ik denk dat er in Congo zelf veel meer lichtpunten voor de toekomst te vinden zijn.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    You think the world has become a mess? Innocents are now being slaughtered? The guilty are rewarded? Ignorance reigns?

    The Congo has been going on this way for a hundred years. It is a model hell for all of us if we do not watch out. Or maybe even if we do watch out.

    The book balances interviews with history readings. It mixes mass murder and rape with poor government, anthropologist-enhanced tribalism, colonial racism, and theft on a scale that would make a hedge fund manager envious.


    Not a book to get comfy with.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    kjk
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    The history of the Congo is far from uplifting, and includes the slave trade, brutal colonial rule, a botched transition to independence, corruption and sectionalism, authoritarian governance, ethnic infighting, rape and cannibalism as a systematic weapons of war, child soldiers, and the worst aspects of global capitalism in the extraction of rare minerals. Yet, Van Reybrouck's style and pace keeps the horror from becoming overwhelming, and even makes reading this history a pleasure. A couple aspects of Van Reybrouck's approach are key: first, he clearly respects and appreciates the Congolese people, and approaches his topic as an anthropologist and journalist rather than as an historian. There's plenty of historical and archive research unpinning the book, but Van Reybrouck starts with with the eyewitnesses, and turns to records to back up what they say - and he's interested in the ways all the pieces of the culture fit together, and how they have changed for real people over time. Second, Van Reybrouck doesn't coddle. He doesn't sugarcoat the Belgian colonial period, or the harms done by British imperialists. On the other hand, he doesn't downplay the brutality of intra-African relationships even before the colonial period, and he's pretty direct about both the failures of Mobutu and the horrible contributions to civil conflict of the leaders and soldiers in the many factions battling since the 1990s. It's hard to know what to make of one aspect of the book. In the early chapters, Van Reybrouck describes interviews a man whose age he calculates as 126 years old in 2008 (and who subsequently died in 2010, supposedly at the age of 128). In some editions, a portrait of this man, Etienne Nakasi, adorns the cover. For a science-minded reader, Van Reybrouck's reliance on Nakasi as a source creates a challenge, since Nakasi's claimed age seems virtually impossible. It doesn't affect the rest of the book; Van Reybrouck appears to have included him not because he provides essential evidence; in fact, he mostly reinforces insights that are established in contemporary accounts and archives. For my part, I wondered if Nakasi might reflect some kind of tradition in which a son takes on their father's identity in place of their own, replacing all the details of their own lives with the memorize stories handed down. But Van Reybrouck doesn't say anything like that; he simply treats Nakasi as an exceptionally vigorous and long-lived man, and passes the challenge of what to make of that on to the reader.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    For someone like me, who knew virtually nothing about Congo, this book is a goldmine. Van Reybrouck manages to take the reader on a journey through more than 120 years of history, not only by giving information and numbers, but also, and mainly, by telling stories and describing personal experiences. He understands the art to summarize his thoughts whenever necessary, so that you never lose track of what's happening, despite the myriad of protagonists and places.

    Unfortunately, when reaching the end of Mobutu's reign, the quality of the book drops significantly when Van Reybrouck tries to describe everything that's happened during the traumatic years 1990-2006. He sometimes gets lost in the acronyms of all the different rebel alliances, and the names of all the different rebel leaders. Maybe this should have been kept for a different book entirely. Although I must add, the final chapters, about the years following 2006, are captivating again. In all, a very mind-broadening experience from the first until the very last page!
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Borrowed this from my daughter who was a big Crichton fan. It was entertaining enough, but barely memorable.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    Most of this book sucks, but the parts about whats-her-name the gorilla were terrific.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    A clever and well-researched novel about the Congo region of Africa. I was looking for a little more action, and was also expecting a more interesting conclusion. Nowhere near as good as Jurassic Park, but still a book worth reading.
  • Rating: 1 out of 5 stars
    1/5
    There was little to redeem this novel for me. The characters were flat and lifeless as a highway possum, their goal uninspiring, their peril unbelievable. Finishing the book was much like holding my hand over a flame as a right of passage. There was nothing enjoyable about it other than being able to say I got through it without crying... much. Save yourself the tears and a few bucks; read something else.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    I so enjoyed the movie and thought that the book would further expand on it. Most of the best scenes were made up for the movie. Some of the amusing characters didn't exist. And in the book the " great white hunter" was actually white.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Peter Elliott, a primate researcher, is studying communication with apes by teaching sign language to Amy, a young mountain gorilla. When a Houston technology company organizes an expedition to Congo to search for a particular type of diamond that will revolutionize the communications industry, Peter and Amy are invited along (she came from the region as an infant, and is having nightmares about the "bad place"). What follows is a pretty typical Crichton adventure: That is to say, this is a decently written, thoughtful and fast-moving story that may or may not leave the reader better-informed about primate language capability, but it sure leaves him wanting to learn about it. And Amy is the most charming and admirable ASL speaking mountain gorilla I've ever encountered in print.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Another good Crichton book. Reading this in 2011, 31 years after it was written it was pretty cool to see all the technology that was expected to come about and seeing what has and has not developed as Crichton wrote. Fast paced action as always with his work made this a very fast and enjoyable read.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I really loved the concept behind this novel. One of his best.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Taken for what it is, Congo is actually an entertaining read. It follows Dr. Karen Ross, Dr. Elliot, and his gorilla-friend Amy (who has the wonderful ability to speak using Ameslan!) in the Congo. Dr. Ross is pursuing a rare blue diamond that has certain attributes which would enable technology to make a tremendous leap forward; Dr. Elliot is in the Congo to help Amy identify and get over her nightmares.This is a Crichton novel, so of course there are other 'teams' also after the diamonds, and of course a dash of the scientifically possible, yet horrifically deadly animals.The science and technology in this novel - now nearly 30 years old - hardly seems dated, which is surprising and shows how powerful technology was at the time. The many characters in the novel offer entertainment and help flush out the main characters, yet as usual of a Crichton book most of the characters are flat and suffer from extreme tunnel-vision.Regardless, this is an entertaining and quick read that brings to life the Congo forest and the creatures that may silently wait within...Please, do not watch the movie..
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    A bit of a popcorn book, nothing too intellectual here, although I suppose one can muse over our perceptions of primates and their differences from us. It's a well paced, very entertaining book though. It holds plenty of Crichton's trademark technological explanations, which add an extra dynamic.
  • Rating: 1 out of 5 stars
    1/5
    Michael Crichton has an inexplicable gift for weaving a unique story and then providing an utter letdown for an ending. Congo is no exception. Except unlike some earlier works, the plot is exceptionally thin and the storyline does not age well. Not his best effort at all.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    I like Michael Crichton books on the whole, and was always under the impression that his earlier works were better than his late stuff, which became more and more issue-bound and prosaic. Not so. Congo is the very definition of prosaic, as its plot and characters provide a barely coherent frame on which to hang lengthy expositions on satellite communications technology in particular, IT in general, and of course gorillas. And given that Crichton wrote this in the 1970s, it's seriously dated. Not recommended.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I'm almost tempted to call this "Jurassic Park, with monkeys." But it's too good to mock. Crichton's writing is never tighter or cleaner than in Congo. Like always, he shows his unparalleled ability to demonstrate just how powerful, wise, intelligent and yet also silly our science really is.

Book preview

Congo - David van Reybrouck

8ebook_preview_excerpt.html˒$Ǖ%+F.F DBH& ,kns3=sUufֽhlFdm d9窚zD-Rf=/߼~Ûo7/e/_y[}weV՛zo_eU=/o\}}®yzՋwݼCcهnU58nWu?OմզozglӪZ}o8[^6ceZ.m]~+X5c5NMV]&nUng^B=ntSS3֖s]=j]&:F)nx աjxXǡUDZƪU?W\anήpwl ]3cK]_z4fj^nOce]wn;[:y7.ЏQo6V~[M;6:v3 L\]62:So`<%n[-`霮otC.S m^HTI[ùSlwbw0laE˾|w1R859d75zPFD1?.i&Љ}VmӂI@vEޣ7' 5ѷuu [lpWz05}WxjjWewVf{n{I䃿ah* yYNn&1YNnjw]F=V1tW;k mAUhwFv)=#㾟zYc[#&mDlUC}e0b@'/$*(?t#;Yli;@_,oť\^פQb4;gԏ$kb<bY=Prްevdc4ZM 5mljm0*՟zmǼlz3h/'c(SiU{='HS-mJ8?غ`U/3dTcNҁo`m,񚟮~U+rSV_w ㏫l1K~ضL|?22?C.dq[{\T)فTmL9L=v- C3SCY;@9v{oyIMbڸ랇J{j1i!1: [@T~Bm?]~1mYLE ^8c32ĠկmmkʲO?$=n[MV SYoRua`LTɛتAn헦]LPAnϮpy11]y令Z4QP]R>tsk Qz8d&424OCgvfJiwsu/p'qo5{kʶҽUvvx wЍnM>vrtLik\m5 _u?e"zG#w+ڪӐM]}&9U;8 Eۻ?C(g?y-]n޾{_/p0ngʠ*I%-j|b&@Wɓ_urF'a(즙1Gt=dOwٍq,MÐŁP4%IoI1l((}c;ߘ3cLn5Ak9[{Za݂}16 ЅYDZ8t42 4ғ3fڟk}1ۚ=o|u?'( [ V6% lY{sIln!г; ~]fMR>G3šr1Fj1U03;By.ww701 ^[,?|] =k4eodv@v d;/4U@ iOɚuM|JO#f%D`2@י[ȉ8'FQHxT]PYa; W4cLvK8 ypzv#'n. ЁDA'd:9D[kSvڒvLce3T)W͈ӑa5puf?3dasRO٭^ŬO IϋAA2ouG=*-1zG#Ǭ>3UO0rVi}lm yL=%W1HLP?GHErʁ^"Ncpq4b݁pY| =:gs2 C?/LIUf-o`\]z'7v;'_AںvhC1?݇kv1&#mO ؐ@fi6=w;)%ƣQU>5<(Y"G}D(ҐxKzB2N|$[cx-,m/m0DetOLo ^^dOsD҂u ljWgQ ^a5-A9՗/fQ*~l UM >LM@`Lr#$Ĕuq r70zE|sGz"+OmV]c>Csq׹W?~X$f)ӂjLøą.<#޹GpiqR `sHY=GsFon/*iu OèfӥZJ(VL̑$Y]0^^t1%~аRXU\L.Sl@(_M7͇b`H]#@+THD\[ t!5[r&O{o6 ԱN+G%3Խ\u =ƒ^ڒP0q^J1K1mB9v );`EWGlWƶ?R 7˝ͨ3Ql`O~n>|8cx\BAdvq ׷iKN7{yvo F9yK$q1F q Oq \JSQ~u;']*I J?v-Q ˔C"m &d5tN'DQCX4vSvIWmCP@=43d՟xW^~ʞLN!䌟LmiEuP]5q|'9&>E‚?+1`wp=|E50/Ya:ڎ˜Abo롋qv&½^) 1#(,sk[ z,ez`2킦DbWrĹ"%t-`wH 8F}S,,Ȭ@d0Si" &A.wm= CÀ-M,}:Hy:(҅}~HE-خʁ:LP` -Hm4+#_7u".O܉/)@` M;i 幃:LyiZX,H[RZ=[skU}c݋7ޡvx̫7fWoVYhƟi} Y1R;|& 6@sR(mQqF !RTqyozNn&9NahgO5!Zhb&g@`1t$g:>^n0P An\V!% mD:E.̨Bעw3&fGȓ&k7 3r Z&zo5q7Y Cu#ɐm`1  j*M/ZpPm#DSfوr(p!  u$T$eÛ᣶!;iB)[)vv'0q:G)B2Ie؍DS'Dn(K3FpFl}D2G9KfcfV8Y|P[$! dAV |&Sydx'a_o`dMiIRzވ"´MUVb`345tWgC$Ҷ^$.G:wBΉ++KÞlækHKPX4.?wiҾO)i|G3#P~[8)Nj? "DxtUuI/WLa o;g>嚒\vx.<È ŎoyO*tKz)HӡR 2:yl' 4}u pM3y5Ӌ#nxuF E+ %dAKu~^q9KZNv=J:j‰XDX[Q1*6A)=Ȳ} X Ɠ¸ݒmcl19[_ٮw ʉL0!f::}H%|ܮ7fZJ_ PYE䀐^w4Ŀ^w& 8TSZZĕ٪<;jU}ցHKէ_{< @#9AL$^ i BGFx^&хrZ%H|]ȀCn|%p",_۲f# ߚLqޅ,UP]+E+k4GXpcVl۠2:#{=,YNwܙęl|MʀM+VJ آ\ZE^`JPZMs ]Fq_w./" #cFLļE Q#Bv&Cc߷ۯrA~"B鋘&Ŵ AYg=A%m _nI1qr-)LƩ= qF*6@+*]@q,em\ 5V$uwNfj掛({L,/۹)Cfd_+Ri<Ä,2]p8N-%,ړ]W=NuKZȚ FLMmocK4k|@r3wId9^~mKG$;=$L/905Ż^-s ^MG>*Fo@~SE"JCL::TdD}L(|4M<9m 6b{nN.>Gr l䠗z?Uq6rk{PW0N1ߩ!z&خݨ%Ţz@4ܻJe]7o:,^"&Ӂ KpƘ OI Ԍ*Rs Y^oLQ2IQvs V'2?ૺlK<¡H-FX \EgS^!C3Ց,c䚩l]]-CQ%qQJ5þ6"1[J=֩TĞG]I|'` [9PUQ$F' KyCKcekWo{{T[xHCKy) nNx2Pt '\*owCY^@2.{`, `1dlF*p{+zHKL\@Ӛx>[l\#(Tj&:˚*eK2UurXgֈ!٧u'qKpmɣmDbUT/]A^) xō؄jLc#y;%Ӆ+3 蔟Pb n"qSŬ@hUѓ7s#&$ &E,[xBD^`bLh]<*!E~zԋ!>wߢB}gjiOP!Q |_'-`ida!s'eaևȅ!Z|>yc7+,X]yF~3YJ2D=kč)EON" Ě`֬R(T J(3E>\@_ rt4ฯx/,m\߻}~Bfޙ́:KG =.T:w6^@%"~p~)S)cY"i,otzjե@e Tl <[ޱ[]ȇ.6 8 ft=Vns'Ɋ概0.6e)6N$qD4WLaUФ䚕ʒ%a<^η3Hs,΃S8/y}*O~jֱHzCA),ȏE T˗ƍi^z7/!$U~tD 7/J @YjKN0y_5U=4.D˟ fesӽaȘFLCn}lj2[A,\zl`j'SW+uRP$Uˍ4daccm2n(e]Y</ ^_!_tbL`K&MVrKc8 lvYXuy2| m=XәSY?~GXܫƻ%Zr|כiL sDs{Yα2U t+>#FgQ;ia [1Yxz[=݋ A2hqE  8>4(L(|0OSQ,8ozXvU*pJg3]=rdfx?|h=~H#wk_ 7aoX/ ?8@$O!څ=L=ãCToC,՗)gk,n!GP-W.v$%-A(N0s> =1&%T?l:dk'xF &`xϨJFI"'I7?03L >p}D lLƫQ B!gJ (t`cJctرa9Z`.AwK3J>l2+t!*QtZ " pZbҸ4ys[)1-XYWU{(x2)!}GDX-܈|ɫC1v GjZc$DдdwF}Uhdv1qf>Hړ,Df$pvNύSaGIoSXA$h=c< Wh^W4_d;;nۼ%ZR~N`ƶv:)/DG[l}zo.s/"HzFa |TMѺ7:&C-!ZҲt9a٧,AيX! P@nRlRKŮOp&.ܫnIf^}Df3|sWyRadx%t>ӭc6L>G@P"eձ8&E[(\I7HB`6Lyed:7wSْ(v581!(TwUY2`ߩ%L- "rf;\)zvF5>{׃̳RgOkf\e7dͱQS MἛǩɿbm*UQI`MB5']6 A*̛\7kaFuQg(dO fiA3s9I"%⃒b^W_|R4j =S;XˤSއ(\~TXK#.sd)ڷ؎Y zeǶ~ 67^s3Y;TƔ. ݆wYhmrjªul0؁k5cn#̜Ok Fҝ\y0?fpp-9SKe+{3@} ym-@t!=EWk~ڃO{!MOɫS}GV/L E vjc>H$u un0ǩ'fh+tk]s[]=хëE:'b+f_K{zA c+)Pw%PgӹUh1*zKc㾑y4@oU2m&b\tJl[j`&Z T{Hr{{î\ DfP3d’Hh=*^^dZF:/55/\+:΅za@0eZv,KDDR }q1'XaqP}Z-97JX%1};(|^JARΖr$Bf{m37'tYNKsDpݪbqa6h<@—c:y6j<]@&̊eCn劦S]>iN&y|2VzČ&0ΖxE4Q~./#Ҷ`mQK޹l*0|ul)*ʭ垱F^Y>I7& 7[ƱPxW%=mL'C{h\8@ D9avS#gu rb`^:H lӳ^|g?<{)hU~[s]t>3>FV)V? I f$~dGvO.yM-p <1f"/_q anO~J?!n jAfô$X=?L8jh%ĉYϭ2$-z-q "֟|z;u(i):ꇢxq~_|Y7?mlVM%͐ztc#n'Mq{b!/c@ m9" ?Cjo }ADD.;-_oYºAOm/7xƷxd+ W|l]~$7Ί?{Qȹ\zrBRbPd>Lo5JNkD0HtArpqsDj\F< }xto gLQq@fg,PY4`\Tu6DCo1p K1./@'\HjyI\h--y<˧pwNsRw: 9qمz%B,J#;]Ra㗍v cXfRap*\rwyzζ%(Fؑ>6iWLZEH>&gszQc%E'fY*csވB5}`:t'ߟ )ټ P<bٚq}bH+!{so>_}aLtZԿ+v;HmGrC.uyg O͘eٱ>[}䋼O>_}S-b|S~ԚxR.:wG5?FE&w:Lb~[GR1WKayTK|Z0zDݹ V#^#${Dv`08HY]&oOZ4fsS/˙pq?ielֲ]70`IjF_#t1F8p}fSr.$b򚶆Q:5?߇۰^4;uuNq+i.yJGp dlt)̙Ǿ_m?}lpJI? . W\IzbA=P14|tq@24-D=KLt˖"|hj]2Z)X4] ZK.z|(/*%Ơnw̥\^8\SlT50˔)#6֘F13/;/϶$ZՇo"w쯝Tb]۲Ev>3{-YzjQ_~1wȇX{[j}VCF})udh1;6W+A8Iykͩ|Ss?ݓN XF;Z˃ծϚ;EB,:yf@J3*( gS{\tL\- ,(O4eO '{p܆cQ&~sj"MG"ZF+׋{5!r"PKBkURш<v k}4:L$e3v'`(EM2$cqdfs6rOfhabv>&24HhgY\MvP+ :`K=1Kl-x, -d;-=~Zxs&fȔ(žv2yUV\-~:k.ўɎcXn]rf$8P/u1rZ *h,=Vx.CC ȫeȉ%Q! kvgj'4w^'ڳK]-؞xMɭ9N P"ƨ6УN)G+9ф%ҥ b5E3i=:Wcي8L5I*BKm i9 H x*):oݥmP_e ~=jYҦK7qPnz} ])k.*lfRРi@M8Ew8 U@%z^矚Wܤ{ $4X sqo FO٣MIq zW:.E2D 8n:s,'ipQ,zU7xK?L\ȃ90{\3;txOxfNp7k94<{Oɲ l\P?-9f ?LFr@vae%qU+RR(JqueViW& >͔v ڶ hӛ-E4'&>^\2f{4Ud+R|Vƥ˼T^DsP13KZޅL()*oFBK+E2h^8At ~m!#3|EFJaDťMWH>4TIi0Pĩ!w\"Hxwu${vH sf)|2Cyv'='c$\(8b68'9B쎵.FATWITǠM#@hn+0R򝣧ΨS !1Qg\ŭ--{%F $G=w#nMU*B|Ǩ"P}F]ѻh:^̆rnKO%.B'mfdd4 FHMlZ?~;jD+RPW GI92x4x3FŽRa~GJ1YTh62Wv&E!^Wp_onI m3%SWva+Lv%#OO%D7hAXm{^d\!G-_eZ f#ݎ*^ r؈9 ;c<̲f=$&9GxZI1d X/ D&+06VcD^t-G J@2Ń)Q |1LbnA(.~G~k,jS`9c/7U9 UE1f&,)fvmi۲^iy1]f(.aL|u)bS elox/N|n̪U"q\P&[65|S}m/IdH/KوSNP,(ZorDϝꔤi5-\˖%-?_<Ł:>k;4/rpNa1uz1oeVsk]euQJ&3֮zmkcwK@έu(qK1=$[C粯N΅B&K}=>{*WFl%\'˟eBz\^7>T M'z4io%AX7ijɌw ݇w1r* 3m8M:kQm€aэfs:dj:Nx3uiV[uX= 9 xWnK1WJ ٛtTM(dq'{r?hPiAEn^*409a 'Ш?EXZbx6[*pBn3aN,`p+0GcN.DVPvnK3Y7`Ǿ;,5#[ZF< 59vƘ [c[ S;裂fFyp`Ҡ)1 "dch,`B=O |lCX|4U&`);Fzmh&tUF+%` Bo"#-0։a0:h^W}p jtd>gkP: }YWxڨ̕ԭCñ qOENY~fR!'dtDZyrBJ \F*QԂ]6jx*E`ɞ#:h%"0Au#ީe4I!^Wm ކCbn, PC $|0&E: ?p$ӯ1T}~: ?\Oީ"-Zj\0 [Vo95׏=k''G8h8ymISƈmi?`}4.e`Z|RRi'f$mãhy1CcR̷`¿q?pbVz#`L۫yɒ t)=˛؜xta,揌hY|oh~OFG``o/)-}ol(?f|ҡH-9&]gYX~C"'zvL}VA*h Y=nqmW)*MeG7 7} `c'<5գީ;t^#I[Ip74yQ$#p@^M|8;+A't7ZռY(Ʀj`΢W~ Ltq+H!grNV}41"N ˖EåLPK$vla`!WzNU8!GSԏhXP46Auʆ#2/2QM \@3*n'I/Pr "G~]}6y|FgгF^G!W1e',H7M!O\ M/=.Hv5ܳMiܲf1ѡ>Xz\aMQ =5#+m0{--/p{ܪ3٦#Q%\29"4OM~^fD=MwoC11\cDHLc~֋ ,O<֜B.eM+8 ޝBRNj-WoZItĂ7<jݿkX1l>PUPxz:C'7Rz$' f="&z m@0y̓Yކ4M \i6Vo~;cMltdvYl<$b7xNnr$ {/>ք^XQV5MmeP2A)"ʠ7ZZcwk `fA͛24YהI)"%E):XDp W|ƶm=Zڷ͝M1ʼn7O#Bb%i^p1YS/0Y9gޥԥ ۄH%j ۈA1nqK90|mn_* {51`~v> V-R㥨Y-m0/\P_wsўˍ# ҩPz?(SpB&5lF=#:PVo󁀶#$ \e4"zQ{06χy [:o|Í}@ut@ɓ'OVI6CnMxy@6]߉/wć^KA6`ЊAxՆE-&SD/8V*ngWb"9on^  hb RڌOcԐg*fmI?.[uu xX԰ΌPԲ_"V5`"V ^+ol`xyBmpD/np2=Q\-P˭Z2e)$|V TwMe[`ϻ^b\Xxd fL`MS5 >1nPO\$h|DRt-KnNA8@<Ŭ~RC ]4>,eJQpODM{晇]Z%K";h$;0RY)s+MM]ga-[XWdh` lZ(퉇f3.3= 6SHi +SurYH3 KG|f*Wz@psdEN]r_T8be[8][i,ÔU6eþey(f4f 4/MU_Z6 u\?_15U`ITR UJ:L-Wϗqwiʹe;;8X 4VX&㹏U.7ju,:PfY3oJnQ4L|לm/`Ίjw(X/ͧ# g9-}9Q=B#SFHU尤<"'%|H͹Bʓ%P Z)K*ȁVɹ CnC2gY^Xe v-Z NϠO$@h=Mt>2q%Nv:u;iPYHПLvnlgh]zJt/H1 [|㾍`qV uš h@3h yXP$F4h&q2B^؈lX"Ip#A3&i?MUʤss:j[ih$E[%jٷ0YDBbVb1ف翵?M 0q94?N|Zv tCT\dgO*!|{c u1ypcW Q/gԵIc}o G.X.)ZL׍I1q%`l22[0標f 9Nr42&ўH=5r{LIڦVc⏥7CsTlL12uǭZ5w~Pո}_9a'aArJiJ,pAhtS@?^WY{5ۦ5Jڿi?frr!Acnm WKHb!tSvI0kLLG^JbTGޑCQ(YَOՒ|K6~zof\}VxfN#b\"79,|A !Hq/MM%<;ɿ F`r^h7}9N~:yܔw?R𖎍9E}~7ƍ65B-1Pk:4D*0 Z 7*"LW#ŀA*ߙI=6]X-U*pLwUM*h_d,Ok'C\dcRzwrR٪F@_|JU@koGDWP:v]QskDS]BzBwC|Xqg =ҩ*[a'G"4KIN@7l'=_>+o5/Lmm}uST᠞/u!t>vͭ y|8`|>م.m]D@! bw r .Vf\'C]4d.,w5Pc; '7giM Kc35?K:@S-6Ǡ>] 6Sn؎dpTtZ`%[ۥODxp~ .P%~h>]P;SnNܐbS>L>}h97c{4ϻiIxxyU([r~W:~F>r֦mnE3GSa3zod.rwrNpvV܈I R]ir=alB٩i鸸IMEq(PJ3ܿA"_eklHطȾ23ST)k(Ld>__䓮Ujl2p>-lAܜ_3F~4He-WAe/#AQdvsy`u9''$4݆& LIҕ?xF%yIo+v$h)g,/l,'T}iz#[kjwX}[F':~4ls;>M,(<h:r3̛| NѱkIluX[杽7k Yy`0qt:" >U}Uq|fTٸ|nPɽ Fu]HXxKq&.oYX!CʀB5CEtoVe_}}H4=g;W|7v.||w P~MS>eP^XH|F:3iЩ@^`Nߺq0Ѷ95y8*b2 U^ {&s3QgL^811hC{lXW$X,mjb\ꦀޱOn ~Vy^98
Enjoying the preview?
Page 1 of 1