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    Primary Handwork
    Primary Handwork
    Primary Handwork
    Ebook182 pages1 hour

    Primary Handwork

    By Ella Victoria Dobbs

    ()

    Read preview
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 26, 2013
    Primary Handwork

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      Book preview

      Primary Handwork - Ella Victoria Dobbs

      The Project Gutenberg eBook, Primary Handwork, by Ella Victoria Dobbs

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Primary Handwork

      Author: Ella Victoria Dobbs

      Release Date: December 14, 2009 [eBook #30676]

      Language: English

      Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

      ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PRIMARY HANDWORK***

      E-text prepared by Stephanie Eason

      and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team

      (http://www.pgdp.net)

      from digital material generously made available by

      Internet Archive/American Libraries

      (http://www.archive.org/details/americana)

      PRIMARY HANDWORK

      THE MACMILLAN COMPANY

      NEW YORK · BOSTON · CHICAGO · DALLAS

      ATLANTA · SAN FRANCISCO

      MACMILLAN & CO., Limited

      LONDON · BOMBAY · CALCUTTA

      MELBOURNE

      THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd.

      TORONTO

      HOUSE OF THE THREE BEARS

      Built by first-grade class. Columbia, Missouri. See page 58.

      PRIMARY HANDWORK

      BY

      ELLA VICTORIA DOBBS, B.S., A.M.

      ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF MANUAL ARTS

      UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI

      New York

      THE MACMILLAN COMPANY

      1923

      All rights reserved

      Copyright, 1914,

      By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.

      Set up and electrotyped. Published June, 1914.

      Norwood Press

      J. S. Cushing Co.—Berwick & Smith Co.

      Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

      DEDICATED TO

      THE LITTLE CHILDREN OF AMERICA

      WITH THE WISH

      THAT ALL THEIR SCHOOL DAYS

      MAY BE HAPPY DAYS

      PREFACE

      This book is the outgrowth of long experience as a teacher of primary grades, followed by special study of handwork as a factor in elementary education. It is written with three objects in view:

      First, to gather into a single volume various methods already in use in the more progressive schools, and for which the best suggestions are scattered through current periodicals:

      Second, to organize these methods and present them in a simple form for the use of teachers who have had no special training in handwork processes:

      Third, accepting conditions as they exist in the small town school and the one-room country school, as a basis of organization, to offer suggestions which may be easily adapted to the conditions of any school with a view to bringing present practice into closer harmony with the best educational ideals.

      No claim is laid to originality, beyond the small details in which one person's interpretation of a large problem will differ from that of another.

      The projects here outlined have been tested in the Public Schools of Columbia, Missouri, under conditions which are common to towns of about the same size.

      The point of view has been influenced chiefly by the educational philosophy of Prof. John Dewey, especially as expressed in his essay The Child and the Curriculum. The author wishes here to make grateful acknowledgement to Dr. Dewey, not only for the helpfulness of his writings, but also for the inspiration of his teaching.

      Thanks are also due to Dr. Naomi Norsworthy of Teachers College, and to Dean W. W. Charters of Missouri University, for encouragement in planning the book and for criticism of the manuscript. Especial acknowledgment is here made to Prof. R. W. Selvidge of Peabody College for Teachers, formerly of this University, for hearty coöperation and helpful suggestions in working out the problems described in this book, and to the teachers of the Columbia Schools for their most efficient services in testing these problems in their classrooms.

      E. V. D.

      University of Missouri,

      February, 1914.

      CONTENTS

      LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

      PRIMARY HANDWORK

      PRIMARY HANDWORK

      CHAPTER I

      INTRODUCTION

      In setting forth the plan and purpose of this little book the author wishes to lay equal emphasis on its limitations. The outlines and suggestions which follow are designed for the use of grade teachers who have had little or no training in handwork processes but who appreciate the necessity of making worthy use of the child's natural activity and desire to do. The outlines are arranged with reference to schools which are not provided with special equipment and which have scant funds for supplies. The projects require only such materials as empty goods boxes, and odds and ends of cloth and paper, which are easily obtainable in any community. No extra time is required for the work, and it may be successfully carried out by any teacher who is willing to devote a little study to the possibilities of things near at hand.

      These outlines do not form a course of study to be followed in regular order nor in set lessons coming at a definite time. They are, rather, a series of suggestions to be used wherever and whenever they will serve a worthy purpose. They are not to be regarded as a special subject, having little or no connection with the regular class work, but rather as an illustrative method of teaching the regular subject matter whenever the teaching can be done more effectively by means of concrete illustrations. It is proposed to make greater use of construction as a medium of expression, and place making more nearly on a par with talking, writing, and drawing.

      Any of the projects outlined may be modified to suit varying conditions, and the emphasis placed according to the needs of a particular class. All the suggestions are given in very simple form, chiefly from the standpoint of the first grade, for the reason that it is easier to add to the details of a simple problem than to simplify one which is complex.

      It is not the purpose here to emphasize the training of the hand or the development of technique in handwork processes to the extent commonly expected of a course in manual arts, though considerable dexterity in the use of tools and materials will undoubtedly be developed as the work proceeds. While careless work is never to be tolerated in construction any more than it would be tolerated in writing or drawing, the standard is to be only such a degree of perfection as is possible through a child's unaided efforts. It is proposed to provide him with things to do of such interest to him that he will wish to do his best,

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