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    Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle A Description of Its Fabric and A Brief History of the Episcopal See
    Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle A Description of Its Fabric and A Brief History of the Episcopal See
    Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle A Description of Its Fabric and A Brief History of the Episcopal See
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    Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle A Description of Its Fabric and A Brief History of the Episcopal See

    By C. King Eley

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 25, 2013
    Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle A Description of Its Fabric and A Brief History of the Episcopal See

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      Book preview

      Bell's Cathedrals - C. King Eley

      The Project Gutenberg eBook, Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle, by C. King Eley

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle

      A Description of Its Fabric and A Brief History of the Episcopal See

      Author: C. King Eley

      Release Date: November 20, 2006 [eBook #19881]

      Language: English

      Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

      ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BELL'S CATHEDRALS: THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF CARLISLE***

      E-text prepared by Jonathan Ingram

      and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team

      (http://www.pgdp.net/)

      TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

      Full page photographs in the original text were sometimes placed so as to split paragraphs. These have been moved to immediately before or after the paragraph that was split. When this was done, page numbers have been moved from their original location to preserve sequential numbering and to show on which page the photograph was placed.

      Some page numbers are missing, as there were often blank pages before or after full page photographs.

      Straight lines over letters substitute for tildes for scribal abbreviations.

      CARLISLE CATHEDRAL FROM THE SOUTH-WEST.

      THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF

      CARLISLE

      A DESCRIPTION OF ITS FABRIC AND A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE EPISCOPAL SEE

      BY

      C. KING ELEY

      WITH TWENTY-NINE

      ILLUSTRATIONS

      London George Bell & Sons 1900

      W. H. White and Co. Limited

      Riverside Press, Edinburgh

      GENERAL PREFACE

      This series of monographs has been planned to supply visitors to the great English Cathedrals with accurate and well illustrated guide-books at a popular price. The aim of each writer has been to produce a work compiled with sufficient knowledge and scholarship to be of value to the student of Archæeology and History, and yet not too technical in language for the use of an ordinary visitor or tourist.

      To specify all the authorities which have been made use of in each case would be difficult and tedious in this place. But amongst the general sources of information which have been almost invariably found useful are:—(1) the great county histories, the value of which, especially in questions of genealogy and local records, is generally recognised; (2) the numerous papers by experts which appear from time to time in the Transactions of the Antiquarian and Archæological Societies; (3) the important documents made accessible in the series issued by the Master of the Rolls; (4) the well-known works of Britton and Willis on the English Cathedrals; and (5) the excellent series of Handbooks to the Cathedrals originated by the late Mr. John Murray; to which the reader may in most cases be referred for further detail, especially in reference to the histories of the respective sees.

      Gleeson White.

      Edward F. Strange.

      AUTHOR'S PREFACE

      Amongst the works consulted in compiling this handbook may be specially mentioned Nicolson and Burn's History and Antiquities of Westmoreland and Cumberland, Hutchinson's History and Antiquities of the City of Carlisle, Jefferson's History and Antiquities of Carlisle, Billings' Architectural Illustrations, History and Description of Carlisle Cathedral, Guide to the Cathedral, Carlisle, by R.H. and K.H.

      Much help has also been obtained from the late J.R. Green's historical works, as well as the various biographies in the National Dictionary of Biography.

      I also wish to record my thanks to my friend, Mr. A. Tapley, who kindly read through part of the manuscript; and to Mr. A. Pumphrey for permission to reproduce the photographs used.

      C.K.E.

      CONTENTS

      LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

      THE CATHEDRAL FROM THE NORTH-EAST.

      From an original Drawing by R.W. Billings.

      CARLISLE CATHEDRAL

      CHAPTER I

      HISTORY OF THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF THE HOLY AND UNDIVIDED TRINITY

      The details of the founding of the cathedral of Carlisle are very precise and clear.

      When William Rufus returned southwards after re-establishing the city of Carlisle, he left as governor a rich Norman priest named Walter. He began at once to build a church to be dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, which was to have in connection with it a college of secular canons. Walter did not, however, live to see the building finished, and Henry I. took it upon himself to complete the good work. It is said that his wife on one hand, and his chaplain on the other, urged him to do this. By the beginning of the twelfth century (1123) he founded and endowed a priory of regular Augustinian canons, making his chaplain the first prior.

      Ten years afterwards—1133—Henry founded the see of Carlisle, and the priory church became the cathedral. At its endowment Henry laid on the altar the famous cornu eburneum, now lost. This horn was given, instead of a written document, as proof of the grants of tithes. Its virtue was tried in 1290 when the prior claimed some tithes on land in the forest of Inglewood, but it was decided that the grant did not originally cover the tithes in dispute. The ceremony of investiture with a horn is very ancient, and was in use before there were any written charters. We read of Ulf, a Danish prince, who gave all his lands to the church of York; and the form of endowment was this: he brought the horn out of which he usually drank, and before the high altar kneeling devoutly drank the wine, and by that ceremony enfeoffed the church with all his lands and revenues. (Jefferson, History of Carlisle, 171n.)

      Aldulf (or Æthelwulf) was made the first bishop, and he placed Augustinians in the monastery attached to the cathedral. These were called black canons, their cassocks, cloaks, and hoods being of that colour. A further difference between them and other monks was that they let their beards grow and covered their heads with caps. As a consequence of this order being introduced into the monastery the Episcopal chapter was Augustinian, other

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