During the Covid-19 pandemic of 2020, Zambia became the first African country to default on its debts. Zambia’s case raised questions about the global financial architecture that disadvantaged smaller countries. When discussing Zambia’s debt, President Hakainde Hichilema noted that his country was at the receiving end of a cruel global system.
Organisations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank have had a strained relationship with Africa, and this stems mainly