n 1976, G3WRT wrote a tongue-in-cheek letter in Wireless World (UK), commenting on the influence of a single tree on HF radiation, after reading that trees were being used by the military as makeshift HF antennas in the tropical jungles of the world by exciting the sap structure. My current (2022) interest was spurred by a contact with someone who lives in a densely wooded deciduous tree area in the U.S., W3DIY. The trees in question are shown in Photo A (summer) and Photo B (winter). His experience has been particularly disappointing for HF DX in his dense woodland location. Measuring and then modeling the influence of trees on HF propagation is the subject presented here using
