The Atlantic

What Is Social Anxiety?

In the age of the digital hermit, a psychologist explains what it means to avoid other people—and what to do about it.
Source: Kirn Vintage Stock / Corbis

People today might not actually be avoiding social interaction any more than they did in past decades, but they’re certainly more vocal about it. The rise of digital communication seems to be spawning a nation of indoor cats, all humblebragging about how introverted they are and ordering their rides and groceries without ever talking to a human.

Sometimes reclusiveness can be a sign of something more serious, though. Social anxiety is one of the most common mental illnesses, but it’s still poorly understood outside of scientific circles. The good news is that it’s highly treatable, according to Stefan G. Hofmann, the director of the social-anxiety program at Boston University.

I recently talked with Hofmann about how social anxiety works and what people who feel socially anxious can do about it. An edited transcript of our conversation follows.


Olga Khazan: Why do people feel socially anxious when they go to parties, networking events, things like that?

People are social animals, and we have a strong desire to be

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