LEADERS & COMMANDERS
Jan 23, 2020
3 minutes
KING JOHN
A ROYAL FAILURE
1166, REIGNED 1199-1216
ing John, the youngest son of Henry II, was a disaster as king. Between 1199 and 1204 he lost the duchy of Normandy and most of his French lands to Philip Augustus, causing the collapse of the Angevin Empire. He had a flair for administrative reform and was energetic in some aspects of domestic government, but these policies were marred by financial exactions and vindictiveness towards his
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